National Systems of Entrepreneurship: Measurement issues and policy implications
•We introduce the concept of National Systems of Entrepreneurship (NSEs).•We review approaches to measuring entrepreneurship in countries.•We propose a novel index method for profiling NSEs.•We report this GEDI index data for 88 countries.•We propose an approach to using this index in entrepreneursh...
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| Vydáno v: | Research policy Ročník 43; číslo 3; s. 476 - 494 |
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| Hlavní autoři: | , , |
| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Vydáno: |
Amsterdam
Elsevier B.V
01.04.2014
Elsevier Sequoia S.A |
| Témata: | |
| ISSN: | 0048-7333, 1873-7625 |
| On-line přístup: | Získat plný text |
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| Abstract | •We introduce the concept of National Systems of Entrepreneurship (NSEs).•We review approaches to measuring entrepreneurship in countries.•We propose a novel index method for profiling NSEs.•We report this GEDI index data for 88 countries.•We propose an approach to using this index in entrepreneurship policy analysis.
We introduce a novel concept of National Systems of Entrepreneurship and provide an approach to characterizing them. National Systems of Entrepreneurship are fundamentally resource allocation systems that are driven by individual-level opportunity pursuit, through the creation of new ventures, with this activity and its outcomes regulated by country-specific institutional characteristics. In contrast with the institutional emphasis of the National Systems of Innovation frameworks, where institutions engender and regulate action, National Systems of Entrepreneurship are driven by individuals, with institutions regulating who acts and the outcomes of individual action. Building on these principles, we also introduce a novel index methodology to characterize National Systems of Entrepreneurship. The distinctive features of the methodology are: (1) systemic approach, which allows interactions between components of National Systems of Entrepreneurship; (2) the Penalty for Bottleneck feature, which identifies bottleneck factors that hold back system performance; (3) contextualization, which recognizes that national entrepreneurship processes are always embedded in a given country's institutional framework. |
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| AbstractList | •We introduce the concept of National Systems of Entrepreneurship (NSEs).•We review approaches to measuring entrepreneurship in countries.•We propose a novel index method for profiling NSEs.•We report this GEDI index data for 88 countries.•We propose an approach to using this index in entrepreneurship policy analysis.
We introduce a novel concept of National Systems of Entrepreneurship and provide an approach to characterizing them. National Systems of Entrepreneurship are fundamentally resource allocation systems that are driven by individual-level opportunity pursuit, through the creation of new ventures, with this activity and its outcomes regulated by country-specific institutional characteristics. In contrast with the institutional emphasis of the National Systems of Innovation frameworks, where institutions engender and regulate action, National Systems of Entrepreneurship are driven by individuals, with institutions regulating who acts and the outcomes of individual action. Building on these principles, we also introduce a novel index methodology to characterize National Systems of Entrepreneurship. The distinctive features of the methodology are: (1) systemic approach, which allows interactions between components of National Systems of Entrepreneurship; (2) the Penalty for Bottleneck feature, which identifies bottleneck factors that hold back system performance; (3) contextualization, which recognizes that national entrepreneurship processes are always embedded in a given country's institutional framework. We introduce a novel concept of National Systems of Entrepreneurship and provide an approach to characterizing them. National Systems of Entrepreneurship are fundamentally resource allocation systems that are driven by individual-level opportunity pursuit, through the creation of new ventures, with this activity and its outcomes regulated by country-specific institutional characteristics. In contrast with the institutional emphasis of the National Systems of Innovation frameworks, where institutions engender and regulate action, National Systems of Entrepreneurship are driven by individuals, with institutions regulating who acts and the outcomes of individual action. Building on these principles, we also introduce a novel index methodology to characterize National Systems of Entrepreneurship. The distinctive features of the methodology are: (1) systemic approach, which allows interactions between components of National Systems of Entrepreneurship; (2) the Penalty for Bottleneck feature, which identifies bottleneck factors that hold back system performance; (3) contextualization, which recognizes that national entrepreneurship processes are always embedded in a given country's institutional framework. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT] All rights reserved, Elsevier We introduce a novel concept of National Systems of Entrepreneurship and provide an approach to characterizing them. National Systems of Entrepreneurship are fundamentally resource allocation systems that are driven by individual-level opportunity pursuit, through the creation of new ventures, with this activity and its outcomes regulated by country-specific institutional characteristics. In contrast with the institutional emphasis of the National Systems of Innovation frameworks, where institutions engender and regulate action, National Systems of Entrepreneurship are driven by individuals, with institutions regulating who acts and the outcomes of individual action. Building on these principles, we also introduce a novel index methodology to characterize National Systems of Entrepreneurship. The distinctive features of the methodology are: (1) systemic approach, which allows interactions between components of National Systems of Entrepreneurship; (2) the Penalty for Bottleneck feature, which identifies bottleneck factors that hold back system performance; (3) contextualization, which recognizes that national entrepreneurship processes are always embedded in a given country's institutional framework. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT] |
| Author | Szerb, László Ács, Zoltán J. Autio, Erkko |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Zoltán J. surname: Ács fullname: Ács, Zoltán J. email: zacs@gmu.edu organization: School of Public Policy, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: Erkko surname: Autio fullname: Autio, Erkko email: erkko.autio@imperial.ac.uk organization: Imperial College Business School, London SW7 2AZ, UK – sequence: 3 givenname: László surname: Szerb fullname: Szerb, László email: szerb@ktk.pte.hu organization: University of Pécs, Faculty of Business and Economics, Rákóczi 80 H-7622, Pécs, Hungary |
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| Snippet | •We introduce the concept of National Systems of Entrepreneurship (NSEs).•We review approaches to measuring entrepreneurship in countries.•We propose a novel... We introduce a novel concept of National Systems of Entrepreneurship and provide an approach to characterizing them. National Systems of Entrepreneurship are... |
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| SubjectTerms | Action Contextual analysis Distinctive features Economic development Entrepreneurship Index methodology Individual differences Innovations Institution building Institutions Literary characters Measurement Methodology National systems National Systems of Innovation Penalty for Bottleneck Principles Research methodology Resource allocation Small and medium sized enterprises Studies Systems of Entrepreneurship Ventures |
| Title | National Systems of Entrepreneurship: Measurement issues and policy implications |
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