Grooved electrodes for high-power-density fuel cells

Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are leading candidates to decarbonize the transport sector, but widespread deployment will require improvements in lifetime, fuel economy and cost. Here we present the grooved electrode, an alternative electrode structure that enhances PEMFC performance a...

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Veröffentlicht in:	Nature energy Jg. 8; H. 7; S. 685 - 694
Hauptverfasser:	Lee, ChungHyuk, Kort-Kamp, Wilton J. M., Yu, Haoran, Cullen, David A., Patterson, Brian M., Arman, Tanvir Alam, Komini Babu, Siddharth, Mukundan, Rangachary, Borup, Rod L., Spendelow, Jacob S.
Format:	Journal Article
Sprache:	Englisch
Veröffentlicht:	London Nature Publishing Group UK 01.07.2023 Nature Publishing Group
Schlagworte:	639/301/299/161/886 639/4077/893 639/4077/909/4086/4087 Catalysts Durability Economics and Management Electrodes Energy Energy efficiency Energy Policy Energy Storage Energy Systems Fuel cells Fuel consumption Fuel economy Fuel technology Grooves Hydrogen Hydrogen fuels Ionomers Machine learning Performance enhancement Proton exchange membrane fuel cells Renewable and Green Energy Transportation industry
ISSN:	2058-7546, 2058-7546
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Abstract	Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are leading candidates to decarbonize the transport sector, but widespread deployment will require improvements in lifetime, fuel economy and cost. Here we present the grooved electrode, an alternative electrode structure that enhances PEMFC performance and durability by coupling high ionomer (ion-conducting binder) content for improved H + transport with grooves for rapid O 2 transport. Grooved electrodes provide up to 50% higher performance than state-of-the-art conventional electrodes under standard operating conditions. Fuel cell diagnostics combined with multiphysics modelling demonstrate that grooved electrodes provide facile O 2 transport despite their high ionomer content, enabling improved reaction rate uniformity. Grooved electrodes also provide improved durability, with less performance loss after carbon corrosion compared with baseline electrodes. Machine learning analysis demonstrates the potential to further optimize grooved structures for next-generation PEMFCs with enhanced performance and durability, enabling smaller and cheaper fuel cell stacks with higher fuel efficiency. The way catalysts are arranged and interfaced to form fuel cell electrodes is just as important as the catalysts themselves. Here Lee et al. report an up to 50% increase in performance and superior durability using grooved, rather than conventional flat, electrodes for hydrogen fuel cells.
AbstractList	Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are leading candidates to decarbonize the transport sector, but widespread deployment will require improvements in lifetime, fuel economy and cost. Here we present the grooved electrode, an alternative electrode structure that enhances PEMFC performance and durability by coupling high ionomer (ion-conducting binder) content for improved H+ transport with grooves for rapid O2 transport. Grooved electrodes provide up to 50% higher performance than state-of-the-art conventional electrodes under standard operating conditions. Fuel cell diagnostics combined with multiphysics modelling demonstrate that grooved electrodes provide facile O2 transport despite their high ionomer content, enabling improved reaction rate uniformity. Grooved electrodes also provide improved durability, with less performance loss after carbon corrosion compared with baseline electrodes. Machine learning analysis demonstrates the potential to further optimize grooved structures for next-generation PEMFCs with enhanced performance and durability, enabling smaller and cheaper fuel cell stacks with higher fuel efficiency.The way catalysts are arranged and interfaced to form fuel cell electrodes is just as important as the catalysts themselves. Here Lee et al. report an up to 50% increase in performance and superior durability using grooved, rather than conventional flat, electrodes for hydrogen fuel cells. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are leading candidates to decarbonize the transport sector, but widespread deployment will require improvements in lifetime, fuel economy and cost. Here we present the grooved electrode, an alternative electrode structure that enhances PEMFC performance and durability by coupling high ionomer (ion-conducting binder) content for improved H + transport with grooves for rapid O 2 transport. Grooved electrodes provide up to 50% higher performance than state-of-the-art conventional electrodes under standard operating conditions. Fuel cell diagnostics combined with multiphysics modelling demonstrate that grooved electrodes provide facile O 2 transport despite their high ionomer content, enabling improved reaction rate uniformity. Grooved electrodes also provide improved durability, with less performance loss after carbon corrosion compared with baseline electrodes. Machine learning analysis demonstrates the potential to further optimize grooved structures for next-generation PEMFCs with enhanced performance and durability, enabling smaller and cheaper fuel cell stacks with higher fuel efficiency. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are leading candidates to decarbonize the transport sector, but widespread deployment will require improvements in lifetime, fuel economy and cost. Here we present the grooved electrode, an alternative electrode structure that enhances PEMFC performance and durability by coupling high ionomer (ion-conducting binder) content for improved H + transport with grooves for rapid O 2 transport. Grooved electrodes provide up to 50% higher performance than state-of-the-art conventional electrodes under standard operating conditions. Fuel cell diagnostics combined with multiphysics modelling demonstrate that grooved electrodes provide facile O 2 transport despite their high ionomer content, enabling improved reaction rate uniformity. Grooved electrodes also provide improved durability, with less performance loss after carbon corrosion compared with baseline electrodes. Machine learning analysis demonstrates the potential to further optimize grooved structures for next-generation PEMFCs with enhanced performance and durability, enabling smaller and cheaper fuel cell stacks with higher fuel efficiency. The way catalysts are arranged and interfaced to form fuel cell electrodes is just as important as the catalysts themselves. Here Lee et al. report an up to 50% increase in performance and superior durability using grooved, rather than conventional flat, electrodes for hydrogen fuel cells.
Author	Kort-Kamp, Wilton J. M. Arman, Tanvir Alam Mukundan, Rangachary Spendelow, Jacob S. Komini Babu, Siddharth Borup, Rod L. Patterson, Brian M. Cullen, David A. Lee, ChungHyuk Yu, Haoran
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: ChungHyuk orcidid: 0000-0002-8428-1502 surname: Lee fullname: Lee, ChungHyuk organization: Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Toronto Metropolitan University – sequence: 2 givenname: Wilton J. M. orcidid: 0000-0002-0679-6690 surname: Kort-Kamp fullname: Kort-Kamp, Wilton J. M. organization: Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory – sequence: 3 givenname: Haoran orcidid: 0000-0001-7304-2840 surname: Yu fullname: Yu, Haoran organization: Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory – sequence: 4 givenname: David A. orcidid: 0000-0002-2593-7866 surname: Cullen fullname: Cullen, David A. organization: Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory – sequence: 5 givenname: Brian M. surname: Patterson fullname: Patterson, Brian M. organization: Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory – sequence: 6 givenname: Tanvir Alam orcidid: 0000-0003-1130-4731 surname: Arman fullname: Arman, Tanvir Alam organization: Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory – sequence: 7 givenname: Siddharth orcidid: 0000-0001-5724-8486 surname: Komini Babu fullname: Komini Babu, Siddharth organization: Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory – sequence: 8 givenname: Rangachary orcidid: 0000-0002-5679-3930 surname: Mukundan fullname: Mukundan, Rangachary organization: Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Energy Technologies Area, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory – sequence: 9 givenname: Rod L. orcidid: 0000-0001-7647-1624 surname: Borup fullname: Borup, Rod L. organization: Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory – sequence: 10 givenname: Jacob S. orcidid: 0000-0002-8111-7782 surname: Spendelow fullname: Spendelow, Jacob S. email: spendelow@lanl.gov organization: Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory
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Snippet	Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are leading candidates to decarbonize the transport sector, but widespread deployment will require improvements in...
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SubjectTerms	639/301/299/161/886 639/4077/893 639/4077/909/4086/4087 Catalysts Durability Economics and Management Electrodes Energy Energy efficiency Energy Policy Energy Storage Energy Systems Fuel cells Fuel consumption Fuel economy Fuel technology Grooves Hydrogen Hydrogen fuels Ionomers Machine learning Performance enhancement Proton exchange membrane fuel cells Renewable and Green Energy Transportation industry
Title	Grooved electrodes for high-power-density fuel cells
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