Cancer stem cells: Road to therapeutic resistance and strategies to overcome resistance

Unlike other normal cells, a subpopulation of cells often termed as “stem cells” are long-lived and generate cellular progeny throughout life. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are rare immortal cells within a tumor that can both self-renew by dividing and giving rise to many cell types that constitute the t...

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Published in:Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease Vol. 1866; no. 4; p. 165339
Main Authors: Makena, Monish Ram, Ranjan, Alok, Thirumala, Vani, Reddy, Arubala P
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.04.2020
Subjects:
Cancer stem cells
Immune-modulation
Pathways affecting stem cells
Radio- and chemoresistance
Immune-modulation
HIF
Tregs
PTEN
EMT
ECM
ALDH
MDSCs
Radio- and chemoresistance
MSCs
CAFs
TAMs
ROS
Pathways affecting stem cells
ABC transporters
TLR7
ATRA
Cancer stem cells
NK
CSCs
DC
CART
ISSN:0925-4439, 1879-260X, 1879-260X
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Unlike other normal cells, a subpopulation of cells often termed as “stem cells” are long-lived and generate cellular progeny throughout life. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are rare immortal cells within a tumor that can both self-renew by dividing and giving rise to many cell types that constitute the tumor. CSCs also have been shown to be involved in fundamental processes of cell proliferation and metastatic dissemination. CSCs are generally resistant to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, a subset of remaining CSCs after therapy can survive and promote cancer relapse and resistance to therapies. Understanding the biological characteristics of CSCs, the pathways leading to their sustainability and proliferation, and the CSCs role in drug resistance is crucial for establishing novel tumor diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. In this review, we address the pathways that regulate CSCs, the role of CSCs in the resistance to therapy, and strategies to overcome therapeutic resistance. •Cancer stem cells (CSCs) promote cancer relapse and resistance to therapies.•CSCs cause drug resistance by regulating many cellular functions.•Targeting pathways deregulated in CSCs could be a strategy to treat relapse cancers.•Combination of conventional and novel treatments could overcome CSC resistance.
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ISSN:0925-4439
1879-260X
1879-260X
DOI:10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.11.015