Point-of-need detection of microcystin-LR using a smartphone-controlled electrochemical analyzer

•A portable and wireless point-of-need detection system for microcystin-LR (MC-LR) quantitation was developed and validated.•The detection system consisted of three main parts: screen printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs), smartphone-controlled electrochemical analyzer (SCEA), and Android's smartph...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical Vol. 294; pp. 132 - 140
Main Authors: Guan, Tian, Huang, Wenzheng, Xu, Ningxia, Xu, Zhenzhen, Jiang, Lelun, Li, Mengting, Wei, Xiaoqun, Liu, Yingju, Shen, Xing, Li, Xiangmei, Yi, Changqing, Lei, Hongtao
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Lausanne Elsevier B.V 01.09.2019
Elsevier Science Ltd
Subjects:
ARM STM32 microcontroller
Drinking water
Electrochemical immunosensor
Microcontrollers
Microcystin-LR
Point-of-need
Portable equipment
Smartphone
Smartphones
Workstations
LOD
R2
MC-LR
Ab
CVs
ARM STM32 microcontroller
Ag
PW
LC–MS
Microcystin-LR
Electrochemical immunosensor
SCEA
PB-CS
WE
BSA
CV
RE
Point-of-need
SPCE
ARM
Smartphone
MCU
ELISA
ISSN:0925-4005, 1873-3077
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Summary:•A portable and wireless point-of-need detection system for microcystin-LR (MC-LR) quantitation was developed and validated.•The detection system consisted of three main parts: screen printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs), smartphone-controlled electrochemical analyzer (SCEA), and Android's smartphone.•A spatiotemporal mapping of MC-LR field detection was conducted to further validate the feasibility of the SCEA for on-site screening. The development of rapid and in situ detection method for microcystin-LR (MC-LR) with portable, reliable, and easy to use devices are highly demanded, but it is still deficient. In this study, a portable and wireless point-of-need detection system for microcystin-LR (MC-LR) quantitation was developed and validated. The whole system consisted of three main parts: screen printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs), smartphone-controlled electrochemical analyzer (SCEA), and Android's smartphone. The SCEA was a homemade ARM STM32 microcontroller-based electrochemical analyzer, which have similar performance compared with a commercially available electrochemical workstation. A smartphone installed with a user-friendly application was employed to control the analyzer, receive and analyze data, and display detection results in real-time. This system can accurately quantitate MC-LR in the range of 0.001–100 μg/L with a detection limit of 0.00011 μg/L, and the results were consistent with LC–MS/MS. In addition, a preliminary MC-LR contamination map was generated using this smartphone-based platform by measuring water samples at 6 reservoirs located in Pearl River Delta (Guangdong Province, China). The cost-effective, reliable and easy-to-use smartphone-based detection system reported here can facilitate active toxicant screening to guarantee the safety of the drinking water, particularly in resource-limited area.
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ISSN:0925-4005
1873-3077
DOI:10.1016/j.snb.2019.05.028