The gut microbiota as a target to control hyperuricemia pathogenesis: Potential mechanisms and therapeutic strategies

Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a metabolic disorder caused by abnormal uric acid (UA) metabolism, which is a complex physiological process involving multiple organs (liver, kidney, and intestine). Although UA metabolism in the liver and kidneys has been elucidated, only a few studies have focused on the pro...

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Published in:	Critical reviews in food science and nutrition Vol. 62; no. 14; pp. 3979 - 3989
Main Authors:	Wang, Jing, Chen, Yong, Zhong, Hao, Chen, Fang, Regenstein, Joe, Hu, Xiaosong, Cai, Luyun, Feng, Fengqin
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States Taylor & Francis 2022 Taylor & Francis Ltd
Subjects:	absorption Bifidobacterium Catabolism Digestive system excretion food science Gastrointestinal Microbiome Gastrointestinal tract Gut microbiota Humans Hyperuricemia Hyperuricemia - drug therapy Inflammation Inflammatory response Intestinal microflora intestinal microorganisms Intestine intestines Kidneys Lactobacilli Lactobacillus Liver metabolic diseases Metabolic disorders Metabolism Metabolites Microbiota Microorganisms Organs Pathogenesis Peptides phytochemicals Polyphenols Prebiotics Probiotics Probiotics - therapeutic use secretion Termites therapeutics transporters Uric Acid uric acid metabolism prebiotics Hyperuricemia transporters gut microbiota uric acid metabolism probiotics
ISSN:	1040-8398, 1549-7852, 1549-7852
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Abstract	Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a metabolic disorder caused by abnormal uric acid (UA) metabolism, which is a complex physiological process involving multiple organs (liver, kidney, and intestine). Although UA metabolism in the liver and kidneys has been elucidated, only a few studies have focused on the process in the intestine. With our growing knowledge of the effects of gut microorganisms on health, the gut microbiota has been identified as a new target for HUA treatment. In this review, the relationship between HUA and the gut microbiota is elucidated, and anti-hyperuricemia mechanisms targeting the intestine are discussed, such as the promotion of purine and UA catabolism by the gut microbiota, increases in UA excretion by the gut microbiota and its metabolites, regulation of UA absorption or secretion in the intestinal tract by certain transporters, and the intestinal inflammatory response to the gut microbiota. Additionally, probiotics (Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli) and prebiotics (polyphenols, peptides, and phytochemicals) with UA-lowering effects targeting the intestinal tract are summarized, providing reference and guidance for further research.
AbstractList	Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a metabolic disorder caused by abnormal uric acid (UA) metabolism, which is a complex physiological process involving multiple organs (liver, kidney, and intestine). Although UA metabolism in the liver and kidneys has been elucidated, only a few studies have focused on the process in the intestine. With our growing knowledge of the effects of gut microorganisms on health, the gut microbiota has been identified as a new target for HUA treatment. In this review, the relationship between HUA and the gut microbiota is elucidated, and anti-hyperuricemia mechanisms targeting the intestine are discussed, such as the promotion of purine and UA catabolism by the gut microbiota, increases in UA excretion by the gut microbiota and its metabolites, regulation of UA absorption or secretion in the intestinal tract by certain transporters, and the intestinal inflammatory response to the gut microbiota. Additionally, probiotics (Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli) and prebiotics (polyphenols, peptides, and phytochemicals) with UA-lowering effects targeting the intestinal tract are summarized, providing reference and guidance for further research. Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a metabolic disorder caused by abnormal uric acid (UA) metabolism, which is a complex physiological process involving multiple organs (liver, kidney, and intestine). Although UA metabolism in the liver and kidneys has been elucidated, only a few studies have focused on the process in the intestine. With our growing knowledge of the effects of gut microorganisms on health, the gut microbiota has been identified as a new target for HUA treatment. In this review, the relationship between HUA and the gut microbiota is elucidated, and anti-hyperuricemia mechanisms targeting the intestine are discussed, such as the promotion of purine and UA catabolism by the gut microbiota, increases in UA excretion by the gut microbiota and its metabolites, regulation of UA absorption or secretion in the intestinal tract by certain transporters, and the intestinal inflammatory response to the gut microbiota. Additionally, probiotics ( and ) and prebiotics (polyphenols, peptides, and phytochemicals) with UA-lowering effects targeting the intestinal tract are summarized, providing reference and guidance for further research. Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a metabolic disorder caused by abnormal uric acid (UA) metabolism, which is a complex physiological process involving multiple organs (liver, kidney, and intestine). Although UA metabolism in the liver and kidneys has been elucidated, only a few studies have focused on the process in the intestine. With our growing knowledge of the effects of gut microorganisms on health, the gut microbiota has been identified as a new target for HUA treatment. In this review, the relationship between HUA and the gut microbiota is elucidated, and anti-hyperuricemia mechanisms targeting the intestine are discussed, such as the promotion of purine and UA catabolism by the gut microbiota, increases in UA excretion by the gut microbiota and its metabolites, regulation of UA absorption or secretion in the intestinal tract by certain transporters, and the intestinal inflammatory response to the gut microbiota. Additionally, probiotics (Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli) and prebiotics (polyphenols, peptides, and phytochemicals) with UA-lowering effects targeting the intestinal tract are summarized, providing reference and guidance for further research.Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a metabolic disorder caused by abnormal uric acid (UA) metabolism, which is a complex physiological process involving multiple organs (liver, kidney, and intestine). Although UA metabolism in the liver and kidneys has been elucidated, only a few studies have focused on the process in the intestine. With our growing knowledge of the effects of gut microorganisms on health, the gut microbiota has been identified as a new target for HUA treatment. In this review, the relationship between HUA and the gut microbiota is elucidated, and anti-hyperuricemia mechanisms targeting the intestine are discussed, such as the promotion of purine and UA catabolism by the gut microbiota, increases in UA excretion by the gut microbiota and its metabolites, regulation of UA absorption or secretion in the intestinal tract by certain transporters, and the intestinal inflammatory response to the gut microbiota. Additionally, probiotics (Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli) and prebiotics (polyphenols, peptides, and phytochemicals) with UA-lowering effects targeting the intestinal tract are summarized, providing reference and guidance for further research.
Author	Regenstein, Joe Hu, Xiaosong Feng, Fengqin Zhong, Hao Chen, Fang Wang, Jing Chen, Yong Cai, Luyun
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Jing orcidid: 0000-0002-6394-5357 surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Jing organization: College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University – sequence: 2 givenname: Yong surname: Chen fullname: Chen, Yong organization: College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University – sequence: 3 givenname: Hao surname: Zhong fullname: Zhong, Hao organization: College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University – sequence: 4 givenname: Fang surname: Chen fullname: Chen, Fang organization: College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University – sequence: 5 givenname: Joe orcidid: 0000-0002-2656-9815 surname: Regenstein fullname: Regenstein, Joe organization: Department of Food Science, Cornell University – sequence: 6 givenname: Xiaosong surname: Hu fullname: Hu, Xiaosong organization: College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University – sequence: 7 givenname: Luyun surname: Cai fullname: Cai, Luyun organization: College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University – sequence: 8 givenname: Fengqin surname: Feng fullname: Feng, Fengqin organization: College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University
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Snippet	Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a metabolic disorder caused by abnormal uric acid (UA) metabolism, which is a complex physiological process involving multiple organs...
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SubjectTerms	absorption Bifidobacterium Catabolism Digestive system excretion food science Gastrointestinal Microbiome Gastrointestinal tract Gut microbiota Humans Hyperuricemia Hyperuricemia - drug therapy Inflammation Inflammatory response Intestinal microflora intestinal microorganisms Intestine intestines Kidneys Lactobacilli Lactobacillus Liver metabolic diseases Metabolic disorders Metabolism Metabolites Microbiota Microorganisms Organs Pathogenesis Peptides phytochemicals Polyphenols Prebiotics Probiotics Probiotics - therapeutic use secretion Termites therapeutics transporters Uric Acid uric acid metabolism
Title	The gut microbiota as a target to control hyperuricemia pathogenesis: Potential mechanisms and therapeutic strategies
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