Direct and indirect costs among employees with diabetic retinopathy in the United States
ABSTRACT Objective: To examine, from the employer perspective, the direct (healthcare) and indirect (workloss) costs of employees with diabetic retinopathy (DR) compared to control non-DR employees with diabetes, and within DR subgroups. Methods: Compared annual costs using claims data from 17 large...
Uložené v:
| Vydané v: | Current medical research and opinion Ročník 24; číslo 5; s. 1549 - 1559 |
|---|---|
| Hlavní autori: | , , , , , , |
| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | English |
| Vydavateľské údaje: |
England
Informa UK Ltd
01.05.2008
Taylor & Francis Informa Healthcare |
| Predmet: | |
| ISSN: | 0300-7995, 1473-4877, 1473-4877 |
| On-line prístup: | Získať plný text |
| Tagy: |
Pridať tag
Žiadne tagy, Buďte prvý, kto otaguje tento záznam!
|
| Abstract | ABSTRACT
Objective: To examine, from the employer perspective, the direct (healthcare) and indirect (workloss) costs of employees with diabetic retinopathy (DR) compared to control non-DR employees with diabetes, and within DR subgroups.
Methods: Compared annual costs using claims data from 17 large companies (1999-2004). 'DR employees' (n = 2098) had ≥ 1 DR (International Classification of Disease, 9th Revision [ICD‑9]) diagnosis; DR subgroups included employees with diabetic macular edema (DME), proliferative DR (PDR), and employees receiving photocoagulation or vitrectomy procedures. Descriptive and multivariate tests were performed.
Results: DR employee annual direct costs were $18 218 (indirect = $3548) compared to $11 898 (indirect = $2374) for controls (Δ = $2032 (adjusted); p < 0.0001). Costs differences were larger across DR employee subgroups: DME/non-DME ($28 606/$16 363); PDR/non-PDR ($30 135/$13 445; p < 0.0001); DR with/without photocoagulation ($34 539/$16 041; p < 0.0001); and DR with/without vitrectomy ($63 933/$17 239; p < 0.0001).
Limitations: This study examined the incremental costs of treating DR employees, which may be higher than the incremental costs of DR itself. Some measures of diabetes severity (e.g., duration of diabetes) were not available in the claims data, and were therefore not included in the multivariate models. The cost of photocoagulation and vitrectomy procedures pertain to individuals who underwent these procedures, and not the cost of the procedures themselves.
Conclusion: DR employees had significantly higher costs than controls, and larger differences existed within DR subgroups. Indirect costs accounted for about 20% of total cost. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | ABSTRACT
Objective: To examine, from the employer perspective, the direct (healthcare) and indirect (workloss) costs of employees with diabetic retinopathy (DR) compared to control non-DR employees with diabetes, and within DR subgroups.
Methods: Compared annual costs using claims data from 17 large companies (1999-2004). 'DR employees' (n = 2098) had ≥ 1 DR (International Classification of Disease, 9th Revision [ICD‑9]) diagnosis; DR subgroups included employees with diabetic macular edema (DME), proliferative DR (PDR), and employees receiving photocoagulation or vitrectomy procedures. Descriptive and multivariate tests were performed.
Results: DR employee annual direct costs were $18 218 (indirect = $3548) compared to $11 898 (indirect = $2374) for controls (Δ = $2032 (adjusted); p < 0.0001). Costs differences were larger across DR employee subgroups: DME/non-DME ($28 606/$16 363); PDR/non-PDR ($30 135/$13 445; p < 0.0001); DR with/without photocoagulation ($34 539/$16 041; p < 0.0001); and DR with/without vitrectomy ($63 933/$17 239; p < 0.0001).
Limitations: This study examined the incremental costs of treating DR employees, which may be higher than the incremental costs of DR itself. Some measures of diabetes severity (e.g., duration of diabetes) were not available in the claims data, and were therefore not included in the multivariate models. The cost of photocoagulation and vitrectomy procedures pertain to individuals who underwent these procedures, and not the cost of the procedures themselves.
Conclusion: DR employees had significantly higher costs than controls, and larger differences existed within DR subgroups. Indirect costs accounted for about 20% of total cost. Objective: To examine, from the employer perspective, the direct (healthcare) and indirect (workloss) costs of employees with diabetic retinopathy (DR) compared to control non-DR employees with diabetes, and within DR subgroups. Methods: Compared annual costs using claims data from 17 large companies (1999-2004). 'DR employees' (n = 2098) had ≥ 1 DR (International Classification of Disease, 9th Revision [ICD-9]) diagnosis; DR subgroups included employees with diabetic macular edema (DME), proliferative DR (PDR), and employees receiving photocoagulation or vitrectomy procedures. Descriptive and multivariate tests were performed. Results: DR employee annual direct costs were $18 218 (indirect = $3548) compared to $11 898 (indirect = $2374) for controls (Δ = $2032 (adjusted); p < 0.0001). Costs differences were larger across DR employee subgroups: DME/non-DME ($28 606/$16 363); PDR/non-PDR ($30 135/$13 445; p < 0.0001); DR with/without photocoagulation ($34 539/$16 041; p < 0.0001); and DR with/without vitrectomy ($63 933/$17 239; p < 0.0001). Limitations: This study examined the incremental costs of treating DR employees, which may be higher than the incremental costs of DR itself. Some measures of diabetes severity (e.g., duration of diabetes) were not available in the claims data, and were therefore not included in the multivariate models. The cost of photocoagulation and vitrectomy procedures pertain to individuals who underwent these procedures, and not the cost of the procedures themselves. Conclusion: DR employees had significantly higher costs than controls, and larger differences existed within DR subgroups. Indirect costs accounted for about 20% of total cost. To examine, from the employer perspective, the direct (healthcare) and indirect (workloss) costs of employees with diabetic retinopathy (DR) compared to control non-DR employees with diabetes, and within DR subgroups. Compared annual costs using claims data from 17 large companies (1999-2004). 'DR employees' (n = 2098) had >or= 1 DR (International Classification of Disease, 9th Revision [ICD-9]) diagnosis; DR subgroups included employees with diabetic macular edema (DME), proliferative DR (PDR), and employees receiving photocoagulation or vitrectomy procedures. Descriptive and multivariate tests were performed. DR employee annual direct costs were $18,218 (indirect = $3548) compared to $11,898 (indirect = $2374) for controls (Delta = $2032 (adjusted); p < 0.0001). Costs differences were larger across DR employee subgroups: DME/non-DME ($28,606/$16,363); PDR/non-PDR ($30,135/$13,445; p < 0.0001); DR with/without photocoagulation ($34,539/$16,041; p < 0.0001); and DR with/without vitrectomy ($63,933/$17,239; p < 0.0001). This study examined the incremental costs of treating DR employees, which may be higher than the incremental costs of DR itself. Some measures of diabetes severity (e.g., duration of diabetes) were not available in the claims data, and were therefore not included in the multivariate models. The cost of photocoagulation and vitrectomy procedures pertain to individuals who underwent these procedures, and not the cost of the procedures themselves. DR employees had significantly higher costs than controls, and larger differences existed within DR subgroups. Indirect costs accounted for about 20% of total cost. OBJECTIVE: To examine, from the employer perspective, the direct (healthcare) and indirect (workloss) costs of employees with diabetic retinopathy (DR) compared to control non-DR employees with diabetes, and within DR subgroups. METHODS: Compared annual costs using claims data from 17 large companies (1999-2004). 'DR employees' (n = 2098) had >or= 1 DR (International Classification of Disease, 9th Revision [ICD-9]) diagnosis; DR subgroups included employees with diabetic macular edema (DME), proliferative DR (PDR), and employees receiving photocoagulation or vitrectomy procedures. Descriptive and multivariate tests were performed. RESULTS: DR employee annual direct costs were $18,218 (indirect = $3548) compared to $11,898 (indirect = $2374) for controls (Delta = $2032 (adjusted); p < 0.0001). Costs differences were larger across DR employee subgroups: DME/non-DME ($28,606/$16,363); PDR/non-PDR ($30,135/$13,445; p < 0.0001); DR with/without photocoagulation ($34,539/$16,041; p < 0.0001); and DR with/without vitrectomy ($63,933/$17,239; p < 0.0001). LIMITATIONS: This study examined the incremental costs of treating DR employees, which may be higher than the incremental costs of DR itself. Some measures of diabetes severity (e.g., duration of diabetes) were not available in the claims data, and were therefore not included in the multivariate models. The cost of photocoagulation and vitrectomy procedures pertain to individuals who underwent these procedures, and not the cost of the procedures themselves. CONCLUSION: DR employees had significantly higher costs than controls, and larger differences existed within DR subgroups. Indirect costs accounted for about 20% of total cost. To examine, from the employer perspective, the direct (healthcare) and indirect (workloss) costs of employees with diabetic retinopathy (DR) compared to control non-DR employees with diabetes, and within DR subgroups.OBJECTIVETo examine, from the employer perspective, the direct (healthcare) and indirect (workloss) costs of employees with diabetic retinopathy (DR) compared to control non-DR employees with diabetes, and within DR subgroups.Compared annual costs using claims data from 17 large companies (1999-2004). 'DR employees' (n = 2098) had >or= 1 DR (International Classification of Disease, 9th Revision [ICD-9]) diagnosis; DR subgroups included employees with diabetic macular edema (DME), proliferative DR (PDR), and employees receiving photocoagulation or vitrectomy procedures. Descriptive and multivariate tests were performed.METHODSCompared annual costs using claims data from 17 large companies (1999-2004). 'DR employees' (n = 2098) had >or= 1 DR (International Classification of Disease, 9th Revision [ICD-9]) diagnosis; DR subgroups included employees with diabetic macular edema (DME), proliferative DR (PDR), and employees receiving photocoagulation or vitrectomy procedures. Descriptive and multivariate tests were performed.DR employee annual direct costs were $18,218 (indirect = $3548) compared to $11,898 (indirect = $2374) for controls (Delta = $2032 (adjusted); p < 0.0001). Costs differences were larger across DR employee subgroups: DME/non-DME ($28,606/$16,363); PDR/non-PDR ($30,135/$13,445; p < 0.0001); DR with/without photocoagulation ($34,539/$16,041; p < 0.0001); and DR with/without vitrectomy ($63,933/$17,239; p < 0.0001).RESULTSDR employee annual direct costs were $18,218 (indirect = $3548) compared to $11,898 (indirect = $2374) for controls (Delta = $2032 (adjusted); p < 0.0001). Costs differences were larger across DR employee subgroups: DME/non-DME ($28,606/$16,363); PDR/non-PDR ($30,135/$13,445; p < 0.0001); DR with/without photocoagulation ($34,539/$16,041; p < 0.0001); and DR with/without vitrectomy ($63,933/$17,239; p < 0.0001).This study examined the incremental costs of treating DR employees, which may be higher than the incremental costs of DR itself. Some measures of diabetes severity (e.g., duration of diabetes) were not available in the claims data, and were therefore not included in the multivariate models. The cost of photocoagulation and vitrectomy procedures pertain to individuals who underwent these procedures, and not the cost of the procedures themselves.LIMITATIONSThis study examined the incremental costs of treating DR employees, which may be higher than the incremental costs of DR itself. Some measures of diabetes severity (e.g., duration of diabetes) were not available in the claims data, and were therefore not included in the multivariate models. The cost of photocoagulation and vitrectomy procedures pertain to individuals who underwent these procedures, and not the cost of the procedures themselves.DR employees had significantly higher costs than controls, and larger differences existed within DR subgroups. Indirect costs accounted for about 20% of total cost.CONCLUSIONDR employees had significantly higher costs than controls, and larger differences existed within DR subgroups. Indirect costs accounted for about 20% of total cost. |
| Author | Qiu, Ying Birnbaum, Howard G. Yu, Andrew P. Tang, Jackson Lee, Lauren J. Cahill, Kevin E. Oglesby, Alan K. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Lauren J. surname: Lee fullname: Lee, Lauren J. – sequence: 2 givenname: Andrew P. surname: Yu fullname: Yu, Andrew P. – sequence: 3 givenname: Kevin E. surname: Cahill fullname: Cahill, Kevin E. – sequence: 4 givenname: Alan K. surname: Oglesby fullname: Oglesby, Alan K. – sequence: 5 givenname: Jackson surname: Tang fullname: Tang, Jackson – sequence: 6 givenname: Ying surname: Qiu fullname: Qiu, Ying – sequence: 7 givenname: Howard G. surname: Birnbaum fullname: Birnbaum, Howard G. |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18416887$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
| BookMark | eNp9kcFrFTEQh4O02Nfq3ZMED97WJpvdTVZPpdpaKHjQQm9hNpl1U3aTZ5JHef-9Ka9SfNBeEsJ8X5j5zTE58MEjIe84-8S5ak-ZYEz2PVO3dS8FE6_IijdSVI2S8oCsHspVqbdH5DilO8Z4rfr-NTniquGdUnJFbr-6iCZT8JY6b3cPE1JOFJbgf1Nc1nPYIiZ67_JErYMBszM0ltOHNeRpW0SaJ6Q33mW09GeGjOkNORxhTvj28T4hNxfffp1_r65_XF6dn11XpqllrmpjRyHHph8AOonQGmY6QIPKDG3XiZENzELpl_UCFRu4lZ3kxvZjYxkoFCfk4-7fdQx_NpiyXlwyOM_gMWySlkyKpmvrAn7YA-_CJvrSm65LiKpnrSjQ-0doMyxo9Tq6BeJW_wusAGwHmBhSijg-IUw_7ETv76Qo3Z5iXInIBZ8juPkl8ctOdH4McYH7EGerM2znEMcI3rikxQv25__sCWHOk4GIT4M_K_8FyS604Q |
| CODEN | CMROCX |
| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1016_j_oftal_2015_11_019 crossref_primary_10_1155_2013_686525 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40273_016_0402_3 crossref_primary_10_1136_bmjopen_2022_063390 crossref_primary_10_4103_ijo_IJO_1538_20 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ajo_2016_12_023 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_diabres_2009_09_023 crossref_primary_10_1080_00325481_2014_994468 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41433_018_0110_7 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0180949 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40618_017_0648_4 crossref_primary_10_1136_bmjophth_2025_002218 crossref_primary_10_2147_CEOR_S454185 crossref_primary_10_2337_dc12_2625 crossref_primary_10_1097_01_NPR_0000337201_00188_05 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11892_014_0510_4 crossref_primary_10_1155_2014_939315 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12962_016_0056_1 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_preteyeres_2023_101220 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10198_016_0773_6 crossref_primary_10_2165_11598130_000000000_00000 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12020_014_0232_z crossref_primary_10_1016_j_oret_2020_07_004 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41433_021_01745_1 crossref_primary_10_1111_aos_14514 crossref_primary_10_1136_bmjopen_2020_042484 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jcjo_2022_04_002 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11892_015_0599_0 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_oftale_2015_11_006 crossref_primary_10_1111_aos_14912 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_diabres_2021_109182 crossref_primary_10_1111_j_1528_1167_2009_02422_x crossref_primary_10_1185_03007995_2010_482503 crossref_primary_10_2337_dc15_0369 crossref_primary_10_3390_diagnostics14171992 crossref_primary_10_2165_11535570_000000000_00000 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_tem_2013_09_005 crossref_primary_10_1017_S0266462313000500 crossref_primary_10_2337_dc22_2527 crossref_primary_10_3390_jcm13237083 crossref_primary_10_2337_dc14_1036 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_survophthal_2016_01_003 |
| Cites_doi | 10.7326/0003-4819-124-1_Part_2-199601011-00017 10.1001/archopht.122.4.477 10.2165/00019053-200321150-00006 10.2337/dc08-9017 10.1007/s00125-002-0859-9 10.2337/diacare.26.8.2300 10.2165/00019053-200422030-00002 10.1016/S0161-6420(98)91020-X 10.1001/archopht.124.12.1754 10.1016/S0039-6257(02)00388-0 10.2337/diacare.25.1.23 10.1001/archopht.122.4.552 10.2337/diacare.8.4.316 10.2337/diacare.27.10.2540 10.2165/00019053-200422020-00003 10.2337/dc06-0062 10.2337/diacare.27.5.1047 10.1007/s00125-002-0990-7 10.1001/archopht.1985.01050120030015 10.2337/diacare.26.9.2653 10.1016/0021-9681(87)90171-8 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | 2008 Informa UK Ltd. All rights reserved: reproduction in whole or part not permitted 2008 Copyright Librapharm May 2008 |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: 2008 Informa UK Ltd. All rights reserved: reproduction in whole or part not permitted 2008 – notice: Copyright Librapharm May 2008 |
| DBID | AAYXX CITATION CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF NPM 3V. 7X7 7XB 88E 88I 8AF 8AO 8FI 8FJ 8FK ABUWG AFKRA AZQEC BENPR CCPQU DWQXO FYUFA GHDGH GNUQQ HCIFZ K9. M0S M1P M2P PHGZM PHGZT PJZUB PKEHL PPXIY PQEST PQQKQ PQUKI Q9U S0X 7X8 |
| DOI | 10.1185/030079908X297303 |
| DatabaseName | CrossRef Medline MEDLINE MEDLINE (Ovid) MEDLINE MEDLINE PubMed ProQuest Central (Corporate) Health & Medical Collection ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016) Medical Database (Alumni Edition) Science Database (Alumni Edition) STEM Database ProQuest Pharma Collection ProQuest Hospital Collection Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016) ProQuest Central (Alumni) ProQuest Central UK/Ireland ProQuest Central Essentials ProQuest Central ProQuest One ProQuest Central Korea Health Research Premium Collection Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni) ProQuest Central Student SciTech Premium Collection ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni) ProQuest Health & Medical Collection Medical Database Science Database ProQuest Central Premium ProQuest One Academic (New) ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New) One Health & Nursing ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE) ProQuest One Academic (retired) ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition ProQuest Central Basic SIRS Editorial MEDLINE - Academic |
| DatabaseTitle | CrossRef MEDLINE Medline Complete MEDLINE with Full Text PubMed MEDLINE (Ovid) ProQuest Central Student ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New) ProQuest Central Essentials SIRS Editorial ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni) ProQuest AP Science ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition) SciTech Premium Collection ProQuest One Community College ProQuest One Health & Nursing ProQuest Pharma Collection ProQuest Central ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection Health Research Premium Collection Health and Medicine Complete (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Central Korea Health & Medical Research Collection ProQuest Central (New) ProQuest Medical Library (Alumni) ProQuest Science Journals (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Central Basic ProQuest Science Journals ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition ProQuest Hospital Collection Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni) ProQuest Hospital Collection (Alumni) ProQuest Health & Medical Complete ProQuest Medical Library ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition ProQuest One Academic ProQuest One Academic (New) ProQuest Central (Alumni) MEDLINE - Academic |
| DatabaseTitleList | MEDLINE ProQuest Central Student MEDLINE - Academic |
| Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: NPM name: PubMed url: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed sourceTypes: Index Database – sequence: 2 dbid: BENPR name: ProQuest Central url: https://www.proquest.com/central sourceTypes: Aggregation Database |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Medicine |
| EISSN | 1473-4877 |
| EndPage | 1559 |
| ExternalDocumentID | 1500359751 18416887 10_1185_030079908X297303 11173138 |
| Genre | Research Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Journal Article Comparative Study |
| GeographicLocations | United States |
| GeographicLocations_xml | – name: United States |
| GroupedDBID | --- .55 .GJ 00X 03L 08R 0BK 0R~ 29F 34G 39C 3V. 4.4 53G 5GY 5RE 6J9 6PF 7X7 88E 88I 8AF 8AO 8FI 8FJ 8R4 8R5 AAJNR AALIY AALUX AAMIU AAPUL AAPXX AAQRR AAUGY AAWTL ABBAB ABBKH ABEIZ ABIVO ABLJU ABLKL ABOCM ABPTK ABUPF ABUWG ABWCV ABZEW ACENM ACFUF ACGFO ACGFS ACGOD ACKZS ACLSK ADBBV ADCVX ADFCX ADFOM ADFZZ ADRBQ AECIN AEIIZ AENEX AEOZL AEYQI AFKRA AFLEI AFWLO AGDLA AGFJD AGRBW AGYJP AHMBA AIJEM AIRBT AJVHN AKBVH ALIIL ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS ALQZU AMDAE AZQEC BABNJ BENPR BLEHA BOHLJ BPHCQ BRMBE BVXVI CAG CCCUG COF CS3 CYYVM CZDIS DKSSO DRXRE DU5 DWQXO DWTOO EBS EJD F5P FYUFA GNUQQ H13 HCIFZ HZ~ IPNFZ J5H JENTW KRBQP KSSTO KWAYT KYCEM L7B LJTGL M1P M2P M2Q M44 M4Z O9- P2P PQEST PQQKQ PQUKI PROAC PSQYO Q2X QQXMO RIG RNANH RVRKI RWL S0X SJN TAE TFDNU TFL TFW UEQFS UKHRP V1S X7M ZGI ~1N AAGDL AAJKZ ABJNI ABLIJ ABWVI ABXYU ACIEZ AFRVT ALYBC AQTUD CCPQU HMCUK PHGZM PHGZT PJZUB PPXIY TASJS TBQAZ TDBHL TERGH TUROJ AAORF AAYXX ACOPL ACYZI AFFHD CITATION EMOBN NUSFT ADYSH ALIPV CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF NPM 7XB 8FK K9. PKEHL Q9U 7X8 PUEGO |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c427t-2cdf37f49baa67ea5c0c6aece8cb5663f0b0da184093e80b1d7671cd9f4d0a8e3 |
| IEDL.DBID | TFW |
| ISICitedReferencesCount | 60 |
| ISICitedReferencesURI | http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000256189400034&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D |
| ISSN | 0300-7995 1473-4877 |
| IngestDate | Thu Sep 04 19:23:23 EDT 2025 Sat Nov 29 14:55:09 EST 2025 Wed Feb 19 02:33:14 EST 2025 Sat Nov 29 06:36:47 EST 2025 Tue Nov 18 21:59:23 EST 2025 Mon Oct 20 23:36:12 EDT 2025 Wed Jun 21 08:14:44 EDT 2023 |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Issue | 5 |
| Language | English |
| LinkModel | DirectLink |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c427t-2cdf37f49baa67ea5c0c6aece8cb5663f0b0da184093e80b1d7671cd9f4d0a8e3 |
| Notes | ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-General Information-1 content type line 14 ObjectType-Feature-3 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23 |
| PMID | 18416887 |
| PQID | 207989053 |
| PQPubID | 48040 |
| PageCount | 11 |
| ParticipantIDs | crossref_primary_10_1185_030079908X297303 crossref_citationtrail_10_1185_030079908X297303 proquest_journals_207989053 informaworld_taylorfrancis_310_1185_030079908X297303 proquest_miscellaneous_70734652 pubmed_primary_18416887 informahealthcare_journals_10_1185_030079908X297303 |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | 2008-May 5/1/2008 2008-05-00 20080501 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2008-05-01 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 05 year: 2008 text: 2008-May |
| PublicationDecade | 2000 |
| PublicationPlace | England |
| PublicationPlace_xml | – name: England – name: Newbury |
| PublicationTitle | Current medical research and opinion |
| PublicationTitleAlternate | Curr Med Res Opin |
| PublicationYear | 2008 |
| Publisher | Informa UK Ltd Taylor & Francis Informa Healthcare |
| Publisher_xml | – name: Informa UK Ltd – name: Taylor & Francis – name: Informa Healthcare |
| References | von Ferber L (CIT0025) 2007; 115 CIT0010 CIT0020 CIT0001 CIT0012 CIT0023 CIT0011 CIT0022 Control Diabetes (CIT0014) 1993; 329 CIT0003 CIT0013 CIT0024 CIT0005 CIT0016 CIT0004 CIT0026 CIT0007 CIT0018 CIT0006 CIT0017 CIT0009 CIT0008 CIT0019 |
| References_xml | – ident: CIT0019 doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-124-1_Part_2-199601011-00017 – ident: CIT0012 doi: 10.1001/archopht.122.4.477 – ident: CIT0006 doi: 10.2165/00019053-200321150-00006 – ident: CIT0007 doi: 10.2337/dc08-9017 – ident: CIT0024 doi: 10.1007/s00125-002-0859-9 – ident: CIT0005 doi: 10.2337/diacare.26.8.2300 – ident: CIT0004 doi: 10.2165/00019053-200422030-00002 – ident: CIT0010 doi: 10.1016/S0161-6420(98)91020-X – ident: CIT0022 doi: 10.1001/archopht.124.12.1754 – volume: 329 start-page: 977 year: 1993 ident: CIT0014 publication-title: The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and progression of long-term complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med – ident: CIT0020 doi: 10.1016/S0039-6257(02)00388-0 – ident: CIT0008 doi: 10.2337/diacare.25.1.23 – ident: CIT0011 doi: 10.1001/archopht.122.4.552 – ident: CIT0016 doi: 10.2337/diacare.8.4.316 – ident: CIT0009 doi: 10.2337/diacare.27.10.2540 – ident: CIT0026 doi: 10.2165/00019053-200422020-00003 – ident: CIT0001 doi: 10.2337/dc06-0062 – ident: CIT0003 doi: 10.2337/diacare.27.5.1047 – volume: 115 start-page: 97 year: 2007 ident: CIT0025 publication-title: Medical costs of diabetic complications total costs and excess costs by age and type of treatment results of the Germon CoDiM Study. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes – ident: CIT0017 doi: 10.1007/s00125-002-0990-7 – ident: CIT0018 doi: 10.1001/archopht.1985.01050120030015 – ident: CIT0013 doi: 10.2337/diacare.26.9.2653 – ident: CIT0023 doi: 10.1016/0021-9681(87)90171-8 |
| SSID | ssj0012899 |
| Score | 2.11382 |
| Snippet | ABSTRACT
Objective: To examine, from the employer perspective, the direct (healthcare) and indirect (workloss) costs of employees with diabetic retinopathy... Objective: To examine, from the employer perspective, the direct (healthcare) and indirect (workloss) costs of employees with diabetic retinopathy (DR)... To examine, from the employer perspective, the direct (healthcare) and indirect (workloss) costs of employees with diabetic retinopathy (DR) compared to... OBJECTIVE: To examine, from the employer perspective, the direct (healthcare) and indirect (workloss) costs of employees with diabetic retinopathy (DR)... |
| SourceID | proquest pubmed crossref informaworld informahealthcare |
| SourceType | Aggregation Database Index Database Enrichment Source Publisher |
| StartPage | 1549 |
| SubjectTerms | Adult Age Factors Case-Control Studies Chi-Square Distribution Cost of Illness Diabetic macular edema Diabetic retinopathy Diabetic Retinopathy - diagnosis Diabetic Retinopathy - economics Diabetic Retinopathy - therapy Direct Service Costs - statistics & numerical data Employer Health Costs - statistics & numerical data Evaluation Studies as Topic Female Health Benefit Plans, Employee - economics Health care costs Humans Male Middle Aged Photocoagulation Reference Values Risk Assessment Severity of Illness Index Sex Factors Sick Leave - economics Sick Leave - statistics & numerical data Statistics, Nonparametric United States Vitrectomy Workers' Compensation - economics Workers' Compensation - statistics & numerical data |
| SummonAdditionalLinks | – databaseName: ProQuest Central dbid: BENPR link: http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV1LT4QwEJ7oaowX34_12YMXD8QCBcrJqNF4cWOMJnsjpS3RxMAqaOK_t0MLGo178UhhIM1M5818AEe-Xxg7JpWXYwsNk6rwOBfai03MnAZa-krTFmwiGY34eJzeut6c2rVVdjqxVdSqkpgjx0xIylMjMqeTFw9Bo7C46hA0ZmEOB5WxAcydX45u7_oyAkYTtoxAPZx81tUpeXSCa2aJ8jGiN3WYWc4urbippY99D9aPSaZ_-6OtXbpa_ueOVmDJOaTkzErQKszocg0WblzJfR3GVikSUSqC9e32QlZ1U5MWqIhohxlcE8zpEpvMfZIEf48sK0Q8_jCExDiaxDq4xDq4G_BwdXl_ce05OAZPsiBpvMAwMkwKluZCxIkWkaQyFlpqLnPjFIYFzakSbcQYak5zXyVx4kuVFkxRwXW4CYOyKvU2kDimqTSBWmG8DcYilaMfKIooyOOcyYgO4aRjRibdrHKEzHjO2piFR9lP9g3huKeY2DkdU54Nf_E3c0e3nkLFvktA1rQZlcLCn2Th32S7Hfe_vtGzfgiH_V1zrrFYI0pdvdVZYnQvi6NgCFtWvL62hZViYxt2pr55FxZtawv2Zu7BoHl90_swL9-bp_r1wB2UT3zjF_s priority: 102 providerName: ProQuest |
| Title | Direct and indirect costs among employees with diabetic retinopathy in the United States |
| URI | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1185/030079908X297303 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18416887 https://www.proquest.com/docview/207989053 https://www.proquest.com/docview/70734652 |
| Volume | 24 |
| WOSCitedRecordID | wos000256189400034&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| journalDatabaseRights | – providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: Health & Medical Collection customDbUrl: eissn: 1473-4877 dateEnd: 20081231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0012899 issn: 0300-7995 databaseCode: 7X7 dateStart: 19980101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/healthcomplete providerName: ProQuest – providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: ProQuest Central customDbUrl: eissn: 1473-4877 dateEnd: 20081231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0012899 issn: 0300-7995 databaseCode: BENPR dateStart: 19980101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.proquest.com/central providerName: ProQuest – providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: Science Database customDbUrl: eissn: 1473-4877 dateEnd: 20081231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0012899 issn: 0300-7995 databaseCode: M2P dateStart: 19980101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/sciencejournals providerName: ProQuest – providerCode: PRVAWR databaseName: Taylor & Francis Journals Complete customDbUrl: eissn: 1473-4877 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0012899 issn: 0300-7995 databaseCode: TFW dateStart: 19720101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.tandfonline.com providerName: Taylor & Francis |
| link | http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV1NT9wwEB1RWlVcKP1kS7v1gUsPEU7ixI7US1ux6oXVqgKRW2Q7topUZSsSkPj3zNjZpaXAob1EsmIncTwev_GM5wHsp6nHdcy2iaEQGmFbnyilXVKizVxlzqat44FsQs7nqq6rxQZ8Wp2FobBKsqF9TBQRdDVNbm1GBhJVHKBccolaVNVEvBRSfSKoJ_E-np2uXQhkSUQXAk8o69nKR3nHA_5Yk3bGjKU_1vFXt7KY3o9Fw5o0e_Z_vdmB7RGLss9ReJ7DhutewNOj0dv-EuqoDxk-mpFrOxTssh96FjiKmBvpgntG27ks7uOeWUYnI7slkR1fYUOGGJNFbMsitn0FJ7PD46_fkpGJIbEik0OS4Rjm0ovKaF1KpwvLbamddcoaxIO554a3OhiLuVPcpK0sZWrbyouWa-Xy17DZLTu3C6wseWXRRvMINIQoWkMQUPsiM6URtuATOFiNRWPHNOXElvGzCeaKKprbP2wCH9ctfsUUHQ_Uzf8a3mactf0DrcTvAtAMYTPFR-aTJr-_2d5KUG7ekWEVVaHqm8CH9V2c0uSn0Z1bXvSNRLUryiKbwJsoXTfdIicxLgtv_-2D9mArhrtQvOY72BzOL9x7eGIvh7P-fAqPZC3DVU3h8ZfD-eI7lo6yxTRMrGvCIRsG |
| linkProvider | Taylor & Francis |
| linkToHtml | http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V1LT9wwEB5RitpeWuhzCwUf6KGHCCdxEudQVVUBgWBXHKi0t9SxHRWpSigJrfhR_Y-dsZNQUbE3DhzzcBLHn8fz8nwA22FY4TqmTVBSCo3QpgqkVDZI0WbOI6tDY7kjm8hmMzmf5ydL8GfYC0NplYNMdILaNJp85OQJyWWOkPl0_jMg0igKrg4MGh4VR_bqN1ps7cfDXRze91G0v3f65SDoSQUCLaKsCyL8nDirRF4qlWZWJZrrVFltpS5RtYkrXnKjnN0TW8nL0GRpFmqTV8JwJW2Mz30ADwUaQjStptHJGLQg28UHLXhAddaGqKhMdugcnuJyTlxRA0NXvwqu9jVSv48ZXzfqpt6u_bpVcP_ZPft_q_C0V7fZZz8_1mDJ1s_h0bRPKHgBcy_ymaoNo-i9O9BN27XM0TAx2zMit4w81sy7qs80o82fdUN8zlfYkKEazbz6zrz6_hK-3km_XsFy3dT2DbA05blGM7RCXUqIxJSk5aoqicq0FDrhE9gZBr_QfSV2IgT5UTiLTCbFTbhM4MPY4txXIVlwb_wfnopeMLULWol_EVd0zl9UeXKXIr692fqAtut3jFCbwNZ4FaUWhaJUbZvLtshw9og0iSbw2sP5ulsUB8eV7-3CJ2_B44PT6XFxfDg7WocnPomHslA3YLm7uLTvYEX_6s7ai003RRl8u2tM_wVtuHaP |
| linkToPdf | http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V3LbtQwFL0qBVXd0PIqQ4F6AQsW0TiJnTgLVCHKiKp0NAuQZhccP0SlKmmbFNRP4-_wjZ0UFXV2XbCMEydxcuz79D0Ab-LYOjmmdFRhCg1T2kZCSBNlzmYuEqNibWhPNpHP52K5LBZr8HvYC4NplcOa2C_UulHoI0dPSCEKB5mpDVkRi4PZ_tl5hARSGGgd2DQ8Qo7M1S9nvbXvDw_cr36bJLNPXz9-jgLBQKRYkndR4l4tzS0rKimz3EiuqMqkUUaoyqk5qaUV1bK3gVIjaBXrPMtjpQvLNJXCpO6-9-B-zjjHbMLjZDEGMNCO8QEMGmHNtSFCKvgU21wTFUvkjRrYuoJE3A71Un-M2V83aqjergn3EnG29R9_y214GNRw8sHPm0ewZurHsHEcEg2ewNKLAiJrTTCq3x-opu1a0tMzEROYkluCnmziXdgniuCm0LpBnucr15E49Zp4tZ54tf4pfLuTcT2D9bqpzXMgWUYL5cxT63QsxriuUPuVlidVVjHF6QSmAxBKFSq0I1HIadlbaoKXN6EzgXdjjzNfnWTFtek_2CrDgtWu6MX-Rl_Z9X4k60lfyvT2brsD8q6fMcJuAnvjWbeaYYhK1qa5bMvcSRyW8WQCOx7a18PC-LiTiC9W3nkPNhyUyy-H86Nd2PS5PZic-hLWu4tL8woeqJ_dSXvxup-tBL7fNaT_AGOKf1U |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Direct+and+indirect+costs+among+employees+with+diabetic+retinopathy+in+the+United+States&rft.jtitle=Current+medical+research+and+opinion&rft.au=Lee%2C+Lauren+J&rft.au=Yu%2C+Andrew+P&rft.au=Cahill%2C+Kevin+E&rft.au=Oglesby%2C+Alan+K&rft.date=2008-05-01&rft.issn=1473-4877&rft.eissn=1473-4877&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1549&rft_id=info:doi/10.1185%2F030079908X297303&rft.externalDBID=NO_FULL_TEXT |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0300-7995&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0300-7995&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0300-7995&client=summon |