Intentional contamination of water distribution networks: developing indicators for sensitivity and vulnerability assessments

Performing a comprehensive risk analysis is primordial to ensure a reliable and sustainable water supply. Though the general framework of risk analysis is well established, specific adaptation seems needed for systems such as water distribution networks (WDN). Understanding of vulnerabilities of WDN...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment Vol. 32; no. 2; pp. 527 - 544
Main Authors: Nafi, Amir, Crastes, Eric, Sadiq, Rehan, Gilbert, Denis, Piller, Olivier
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.02.2018
Springer Nature B.V
Springer Verlag (Germany)
Subjects:
Aquatic Pollution
Chemistry and Earth Sciences
Civil Engineering
Computational Intelligence
Computer Science
Consumers
Contaminants
Contamination
Decision making
Distribution management
Early warning systems
Earth and Environmental Science
Earth Sciences
Engineering Sciences
Environment
Indicators
Intrusion
Math. Appl. in Environmental Science
Networks
Original Paper
Physics
Probability Theory and Stochastic Processes
Risk analysis
Risk assessment
Risques
Sensitivity analysis
Statistics for Engineering
System reliability
Waste Water Technology
Water distribution
Water engineering
Water Management
Water pollution
Water Pollution Control
Water supply
Water supply systems
Water use
Fuzzy logic
Aggregation
Backtracking
Intentional contamination
Sensitivity
Risk
Vulnerability
Security
Water distribution network
water distribution system
RESEAU DE DISTRIBUTION D'EAU
MODELISATION
SECURITE
sensitivity analysis
safety
ANALYSE DE SENSIBILITE
vulnerability
modelling
VULNERABILITE
contamination
ISSN:1436-3240, 1436-3259
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Performing a comprehensive risk analysis is primordial to ensure a reliable and sustainable water supply. Though the general framework of risk analysis is well established, specific adaptation seems needed for systems such as water distribution networks (WDN). Understanding of vulnerabilities of WDN against deliberate contamination and consumers’ sensitivity against contaminated water use is very vital to inform decision-maker. This paper presents an innovative step-by-step methodology for developing comprehensive indicators to perform sensitivity, vulnerability and criticality analyses in case of absence of early warning system (EWS). The assessment and the aggregation of these indicators with specific fuzzy operators allow identifying the most critical points in a WDN. Intentional intrusion of contaminants at these points can potentially harm both the consumers as well as water infrastructure. The implementation of the developed methodology has been demonstrated through a case study of a French WDN unequipped with sensors.
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ISSN:1436-3240
1436-3259
DOI:10.1007/s00477-017-1415-y