Southern African scorpion toxins: An overview

In southern Africa there are 130 species of scorpions and only a few species’ venom have been investigated to date. This review gives an overview of the research done on the venom of southern African scorpions and the toxins and peptides identified up to date. It also aims to highlight the enormous...

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Vydané v:	Toxicon (Oxford) Ročník 51; číslo 1; s. 1 - 9
Hlavní autori:	du Plessis, L.H., Elgar, D., du Plessis, J.L.
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	English
Vydavateľské údaje:	Oxford Elsevier Ltd 2008 Elsevier Science
Predmet:	Africa Animal poisons toxicology. Antivenoms Animals Biological and medical sciences Cysteine-free peptides Ion channels Medical sciences Scorpion Scorpion Venoms - chemistry Scorpions - metabolism Southern Africa Toxicology Toxin Toxins, Biological - chemistry Toxins, Biological - toxicity Venom Southern Africa Africa Toxin Ion channels Scorpion Cysteine-free peptides Southern Africa Venom Cysteine Scorpionides Peptides Toxicity Animal origin Ionic channel Review Biological activity Arachnida Aminoacid Arthropoda Invertebrata
ISSN:	0041-0101, 1879-3150
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Shrnutí:	In southern Africa there are 130 species of scorpions and only a few species’ venom have been investigated to date. This review gives an overview of the research done on the venom of southern African scorpions and the toxins and peptides identified up to date. It also aims to highlight the enormous potential that lies in this field of research. Southern African scorpion toxins include four long-chain Na +-channel toxins, four short-chain α-K +-channel toxins ( α-KTx), three Ca 2+-channel toxins and also an insect-selective peptide active on K + and Cl − channels. Three antimicrobial peptides have also been isolated and characterized. All of these peptides are diverse not only in function and target but also in the species they are isolated from.
Bibliografia:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 ObjectType-Review-3
ISSN:	0041-0101 1879-3150
DOI:	10.1016/j.toxicon.2007.08.018