Southern African scorpion toxins: An overview

In southern Africa there are 130 species of scorpions and only a few species’ venom have been investigated to date. This review gives an overview of the research done on the venom of southern African scorpions and the toxins and peptides identified up to date. It also aims to highlight the enormous...

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Veröffentlicht in:Toxicon (Oxford) Jg. 51; H. 1; S. 1 - 9
Hauptverfasser: du Plessis, L.H., Elgar, D., du Plessis, J.L.
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: Oxford Elsevier Ltd 2008
Elsevier Science
Schlagworte:
Africa
Animal poisons toxicology. Antivenoms
Animals
Biological and medical sciences
Cysteine-free peptides
Ion channels
Medical sciences
Scorpion
Scorpion Venoms - chemistry
Scorpions - metabolism
Southern Africa
Toxicology
Toxin
Toxins, Biological - chemistry
Toxins, Biological - toxicity
Venom
Southern Africa
Africa
Toxin
Ion channels
Scorpion
Cysteine-free peptides
Southern Africa
Venom
Cysteine
Scorpionides
Peptides
Toxicity
Animal origin
Ionic channel
Review
Biological activity
Arachnida
Aminoacid
Arthropoda
Invertebrata
ISSN:0041-0101, 1879-3150
Online-Zugang:Volltext
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Beschreibung
Zusammenfassung:In southern Africa there are 130 species of scorpions and only a few species’ venom have been investigated to date. This review gives an overview of the research done on the venom of southern African scorpions and the toxins and peptides identified up to date. It also aims to highlight the enormous potential that lies in this field of research. Southern African scorpion toxins include four long-chain Na +-channel toxins, four short-chain α-K +-channel toxins ( α-KTx), three Ca 2+-channel toxins and also an insect-selective peptide active on K + and Cl − channels. Three antimicrobial peptides have also been isolated and characterized. All of these peptides are diverse not only in function and target but also in the species they are isolated from.
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ISSN:0041-0101
1879-3150
DOI:10.1016/j.toxicon.2007.08.018