Characterizing mechanisms of caregiver-mediated naturalistic developmental behavioral interventions for autistic toddlers: A randomized clinical trial

To address the variability of naturalistic developmental behavioral intervention outcomes, the current study sought to isolate the effects of the instructional strategies of caregiver-mediated naturalistic developmental behavioral interventions. In this comparative efficacy trial, mothers of 111 aut...

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Published in:	Autism : the international journal of research and practice Vol. 28; no. 7; pp. 1847 - 1860
Main Authors:	Jones, Maranda K, Sone, Bailey J, Grauzer, Jeffrey, Sudec, Laura, Kaat, Aaron, Roberts, Megan Y
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	London, England SAGE Publications 01.07.2024 SAGE PUBLICATIONS, INC
Subjects:	Autism Autism Spectrum Disorder - psychology Autism Spectrum Disorder - therapy Autistic children Autistic Disorder - psychology Autistic Disorder - therapy Behavior Behavior modification Behavior Therapy - methods Caregivers Caregivers - psychology Child, Preschool Children Children & youth Clinical research Clinical trials Communication Communication (Thought Transfer) Early intervention Early Intervention, Educational - methods Educational Strategies Efficacy Female Humans Infant Intervention Language Language assessment Long term Male Mothers Strategies Teaching Methods Toddlers communication and language autism spectrum disorders interventions—psychosocial/behavioral
ISSN:	1362-3613, 1461-7005, 1461-7005
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Abstract	To address the variability of naturalistic developmental behavioral intervention outcomes, the current study sought to isolate the effects of the instructional strategies of caregiver-mediated naturalistic developmental behavioral interventions. In this comparative efficacy trial, mothers of 111 autistic children (18–48 months) were randomized to learn one of two sets of naturalistic developmental behavioral intervention language facilitation strategies (responsive or directive). We aimed to characterize the effect of strategy type on language outcomes and explore the extent to which joint engagement outcomes mediated language outcomes. Children in the directive condition had significantly greater scores across multiple language assessments. At follow-up, the effect of strategy type on the frequency of spontaneous directed communication acts was fully mediated by coordinated joint engagement (indirect effect = −2.070, 95% CI = [−4.394, −0.06], p < 0.05). Thus, children may benefit from caregiver prompts to facilitate long-term language outcomes. The current study is an initial step in the identification of the mechanisms of caregiver-mediated NDBIs. Lay abstract Caregiver-mediated early interventions support caregivers’ use of strategies to improve their young autistic child’s communication. In the current clinical trial, we sought to isolate the most effective strategies to improve short-term and long-term child communication outcomes. Results demonstrated how children may benefit from caregiver prompts to facilitate long-term language outcomes. In conclusion, the current study improves our understanding of how early intervention facilitates child communication outcomes.
AbstractList	To address the variability of naturalistic developmental behavioral intervention outcomes, the current study sought to isolate the effects of the instructional strategies of caregiver-mediated naturalistic developmental behavioral interventions. In this comparative efficacy trial, mothers of 111 autistic children (18–48 months) were randomized to learn one of two sets of naturalistic developmental behavioral intervention language facilitation strategies (responsive or directive). We aimed to characterize the effect of strategy type on language outcomes and explore the extent to which joint engagement outcomes mediated language outcomes. Children in the directive condition had significantly greater scores across multiple language assessments. At follow-up, the effect of strategy type on the frequency of spontaneous directed communication acts was fully mediated by coordinated joint engagement (indirect effect = −2.070, 95% CI = [−4.394, −0.06], p < 0.05). Thus, children may benefit from caregiver prompts to facilitate long-term language outcomes. The current study is an initial step in the identification of the mechanisms of caregiver-mediated NDBIs. Lay abstract Caregiver-mediated early interventions support caregivers’ use of strategies to improve their young autistic child’s communication. In the current clinical trial, we sought to isolate the most effective strategies to improve short-term and long-term child communication outcomes. Results demonstrated how children may benefit from caregiver prompts to facilitate long-term language outcomes. In conclusion, the current study improves our understanding of how early intervention facilitates child communication outcomes. Caregiver-mediated early interventions support caregivers' use of strategies to improve their young autistic child's communication. In the current clinical trial, we sought to isolate the most effective strategies to improve short-term and long-term child communication outcomes. Results demonstrated how children may benefit from caregiver prompts to facilitate long-term language outcomes. In conclusion, the current study improves our understanding of how early intervention facilitates child communication outcomes. To address the variability of naturalistic developmental behavioral intervention outcomes, the current study sought to isolate the effects of the instructional strategies of caregiver-mediated naturalistic developmental behavioral interventions. In this comparative efficacy trial, mothers of 111 autistic children (18–48 months) were randomized to learn one of two sets of naturalistic developmental behavioral intervention language facilitation strategies (responsive or directive). We aimed to characterize the effect of strategy type on language outcomes and explore the extent to which joint engagement outcomes mediated language outcomes. Children in the directive condition had significantly greater scores across multiple language assessments. At follow-up, the effect of strategy type on the frequency of spontaneous directed communication acts was fully mediated by coordinated joint engagement (indirect effect = −2.070, 95% CI = [−4.394, −0.06], p < 0.05). Thus, children may benefit from caregiver prompts to facilitate long-term language outcomes. The current study is an initial step in the identification of the mechanisms of caregiver-mediated NDBIs. To address variability of Naturalistic Developmental Behavioral Interventions (NDBIs) outcomes, the current study sought to isolate the effects of the instructional strategies of caregiver-mediated NDBIs. In this comparative efficacy trial, mothers of 111 autistic children (18-48 months) were randomized to learn one of two sets of NDBI language facilitation strategies (responsive or directive). We aimed to characterize the effect of strategy type on language outcomes and explore the extent to which joint engagement outcomes mediated language outcomes. Children in the directive condition had significantly greater scores across multiple language assessments. At follow-up, the effect of strategy type on the frequency of spontaneous directed communication acts was fully mediated by coordinated joint engagement (indirect effect=−2.070, 95% CI=[−4.394, −0.06], p<0.05). Thus, children may benefit from caregiver prompts to facilitate long-term language outcomes. The current study is an initial step in the identification of the mechanisms of caregiver-mediated NDBIs. To address the variability of naturalistic developmental behavioral intervention outcomes, the current study sought to isolate the effects of the instructional strategies of caregiver-mediated naturalistic developmental behavioral interventions. In this comparative efficacy trial, mothers of 111 autistic children (18–48 months) were randomized to learn one of two sets of naturalistic developmental behavioral intervention language facilitation strategies (responsive or directive). We aimed to characterize the effect of strategy type on language outcomes and explore the extent to which joint engagement outcomes mediated language outcomes. Children in the directive condition had significantly greater scores across multiple language assessments. At follow-up, the effect of strategy type on the frequency of spontaneous directed communication acts was fully mediated by coordinated joint engagement (indirect effect = −2.070, 95% CI = [−4.394, −0.06], p < 0.05). Thus, children may benefit from caregiver prompts to facilitate long-term language outcomes. The current study is an initial step in the identification of the mechanisms of caregiver-mediated NDBIs. Lay abstract Caregiver-mediated early interventions support caregivers’ use of strategies to improve their young autistic child’s communication. In the current clinical trial, we sought to isolate the most effective strategies to improve short-term and long-term child communication outcomes. Results demonstrated how children may benefit from caregiver prompts to facilitate long-term language outcomes. In conclusion, the current study improves our understanding of how early intervention facilitates child communication outcomes. Caregiver-mediated early interventions support caregivers' use of strategies to improve their young autistic child's communication. In the current clinical trial, we sought to isolate the most effective strategies to improve short-term and long-term child communication outcomes. Results demonstrated how children may benefit from caregiver prompts to facilitate long-term language outcomes. In conclusion, the current study improves our understanding of how early intervention facilitates child communication outcomes.LAY ABSTRACTCaregiver-mediated early interventions support caregivers' use of strategies to improve their young autistic child's communication. In the current clinical trial, we sought to isolate the most effective strategies to improve short-term and long-term child communication outcomes. Results demonstrated how children may benefit from caregiver prompts to facilitate long-term language outcomes. In conclusion, the current study improves our understanding of how early intervention facilitates child communication outcomes.
Author	Sone, Bailey J Roberts, Megan Y Kaat, Aaron Grauzer, Jeffrey Jones, Maranda K Sudec, Laura
AuthorAffiliation	2 Feinberg School of Medicine; Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University 1 Roxelyn and Richard Pepper Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University
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Snippet	To address the variability of naturalistic developmental behavioral intervention outcomes, the current study sought to isolate the effects of the instructional... Caregiver-mediated early interventions support caregivers' use of strategies to improve their young autistic child's communication. In the current clinical... To address variability of Naturalistic Developmental Behavioral Interventions (NDBIs) outcomes, the current study sought to isolate the effects of the...
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SubjectTerms	Autism Autism Spectrum Disorder - psychology Autism Spectrum Disorder - therapy Autistic children Autistic Disorder - psychology Autistic Disorder - therapy Behavior Behavior modification Behavior Therapy - methods Caregivers Caregivers - psychology Child, Preschool Children Children & youth Clinical research Clinical trials Communication Communication (Thought Transfer) Early intervention Early Intervention, Educational - methods Educational Strategies Efficacy Female Humans Infant Intervention Language Language assessment Long term Male Mothers Strategies Teaching Methods Toddlers
Title	Characterizing mechanisms of caregiver-mediated naturalistic developmental behavioral interventions for autistic toddlers: A randomized clinical trial
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