Influence of experimental parameters on in vitro human skin permeation of Bisphenol A

Bisphenol A (BPA) in vitro skin permeation studies have shown inconsistent results, which could be due to experimental conditions. We studied the impact of in vitro parameters on BPA skin permeation using flow-through diffusion cells with ex-vivo human skin (12 donors, 3–12 replicates). We varied sk...

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Veröffentlicht in:Toxicology in vitro Jg. 73; S. 105129
Hauptverfasser: Reale, E., Berthet, A., Wild, P., Vernez, D., Hopf, N.B.
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: England Elsevier Ltd 01.06.2021
Elsevier Science Ltd
Schlagworte:
Aqueous solutions
Bisphenol A
BPA
Diffusion cells
Exposure
Human skin
Mathematical analysis
Parameters
Penetration
Percutaneous absorption
Permeability
Permeation constant
Reduction
Risk assessment
Skin
Skin thickness
Thickness
Vehicle volume
Percutaneous absorption
Human skin
BPA
Vehicle volume
Skin thickness
Permeation constant
ISSN:0887-2333, 1879-3177, 1879-3177
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Zusammenfassung:Bisphenol A (BPA) in vitro skin permeation studies have shown inconsistent results, which could be due to experimental conditions. We studied the impact of in vitro parameters on BPA skin permeation using flow-through diffusion cells with ex-vivo human skin (12 donors, 3–12 replicates). We varied skin status (viable or frozen skin) and thickness (200, 400, 800 μm), BPA concentrations (18, 250 mg/l) and vehicle volumes (10, 100 and 1000 μl/cm2). These conditions led to a wide range of BPA absorption (2%–24% after 24 h exposure), peak permeation rates (J = 0.02–1.31 μg/cm2/h), and permeability coefficients (Kp = 1.6–5.2 × 10−3 cm/h). This is the first time steady state conditions were reached for BPA aqueous solutions in vitro (1000 μl/cm2 applied at concentration 250 mg/l). A reduction of the skin thickness from 800 and 400 μm to 200 μm led to a 3-fold increase of J (P < 0.05). A reduction of the vehicle volume from 1000 to 100 led to a 2-fold decrease in J (P > 0.05). Previously frozen skin led to a 3-fold increase in J compared to viable skin (P < 0.001). We found that results from published studies were consistent when adjusting J according to experimental parameters. We propose appropriate J values for different exposure scenarios to calculate BPA internal exposures for use in risk assessment. •Steady-state conditions were reached with a saturated BPA solution at 1 ml/cm2.•BPA Kp increased from 1.6 to 5.2 × 10−3 cm/h with decreasing skin thickness.•Worst-case scenario: J = 1.3 μg/cm2/h and Kp = 5.2 × 10−3 cm/h for 200 μm thick skin.•Different experimental conditions explain inconsistencies in published BPA results.
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ISSN:0887-2333
1879-3177
1879-3177
DOI:10.1016/j.tiv.2021.105129