Exploring the potential of nest archives for establishing long-term trends in local populations of an Arctic-nesting colonial sea duck

Tracking changes in seabird populations from remote Arctic regions using traditional monitoring techniques is financially and logistically challenging, leading to limited information on historical population trends. In this pilot study, we use a novel application of paleolimnological proxies to trac...

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Vydáno v:PloS one Ročník 20; číslo 10; s. e0332605
Hlavní autoři: Álvarez-Manzaneda, Inmaculada, Rühland, Kathleen M., Campbell, Marlo, Duda, Matthew P., Mallory, Mark L., Clyde, Nik, Grant Gilchrist, H., Hargan, Kathryn E., Smol, John P.
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: United States Public Library of Science 01.10.2025
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ISSN:1932-6203, 1932-6203
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Abstract Tracking changes in seabird populations from remote Arctic regions using traditional monitoring techniques is financially and logistically challenging, leading to limited information on historical population trends. In this pilot study, we use a novel application of paleolimnological proxies to track environmental change using bird nests. Specifically, we examine long-term population dynamics of the Northern Common Eider ( Somateria mollissima borealis ), a philopatric sea duck. Eider nests from the Canadian sub-Arctic were sampled and radioisotopically dated, indicating that eiders have been nesting here since the 1800s. To assess the applicability of paleoecological proxies in nests to monitor environmental changes and long-term eider population dynamics, we examined changes in diatom species composition, shifts in the abundance of siliceous proxies (i.e., diatoms, chrysophyte cysts, phytoliths, protozoan plates), visible reflectance spectroscopy-inferred chlorophyll a (VRS-chla), stable nitrogen isotopes, and a selection of metal(loid)s. Warmer post-Little Ice Age conditions after the mid-19 th century, together with higher eider occupation rates, promoted the proliferation of diatoms and other siliceous indicators. Declining eider populations during the industrial era, likely due to increased hunting pressures, was indicated by declines in δ 15 N values and relative abundances of diatom taxa typically associated with higher nutrients and/or moisture. Increasing concentrations of metals (i.e., Zn and Cd), δ 15 N values, and VRS-chla, which are positively associated with eider nesting activity, provided further support that eider numbers increased during the latter part of the 20 th century. Our study shows that the accumulated vegetative and peat material from eider nests can provide a powerful tool to track historical bird population dynamics in ways that traditional, more recent, population monitoring methods cannot. Collectively, these methods can contribute insights to guide conservation decisions of this harvested species and other under-surveyed species.
AbstractList Tracking changes in seabird populations from remote Arctic regions using traditional monitoring techniques is financially and logistically challenging, leading to limited information on historical population trends. In this pilot study, we use a novel application of paleolimnological proxies to track environmental change using bird nests. Specifically, we examine long-term population dynamics of the Northern Common Eider (Somateria mollissima borealis), a philopatric sea duck. Eider nests from the Canadian sub-Arctic were sampled and radioisotopically dated, indicating that eiders have been nesting here since the 1800s. To assess the applicability of paleoecological proxies in nests to monitor environmental changes and long-term eider population dynamics, we examined changes in diatom species composition, shifts in the abundance of siliceous proxies (i.e., diatoms, chrysophyte cysts, phytoliths, protozoan plates), visible reflectance spectroscopy-inferred chlorophyll a (VRS-chla), stable nitrogen isotopes, and a selection of metal(loid)s. Warmer post-Little Ice Age conditions after the mid-19th century, together with higher eider occupation rates, promoted the proliferation of diatoms and other siliceous indicators. Declining eider populations during the industrial era, likely due to increased hunting pressures, was indicated by declines in δ15N values and relative abundances of diatom taxa typically associated with higher nutrients and/or moisture. Increasing concentrations of metals (i.e., Zn and Cd), δ15N values, and VRS-chla, which are positively associated with eider nesting activity, provided further support that eider numbers increased during the latter part of the 20th century. Our study shows that the accumulated vegetative and peat material from eider nests can provide a powerful tool to track historical bird population dynamics in ways that traditional, more recent, population monitoring methods cannot. Collectively, these methods can contribute insights to guide conservation decisions of this harvested species and other under-surveyed species.
Tracking changes in seabird populations from remote Arctic regions using traditional monitoring techniques is financially and logistically challenging, leading to limited information on historical population trends. In this pilot study, we use a novel application of paleolimnological proxies to track environmental change using bird nests. Specifically, we examine long-term population dynamics of the Northern Common Eider (Somateria mollissima borealis), a philopatric sea duck. Eider nests from the Canadian sub-Arctic were sampled and radioisotopically dated, indicating that eiders have been nesting here since the 1800s. To assess the applicability of paleoecological proxies in nests to monitor environmental changes and long-term eider population dynamics, we examined changes in diatom species composition, shifts in the abundance of siliceous proxies (i.e., diatoms, chrysophyte cysts, phytoliths, protozoan plates), visible reflectance spectroscopy-inferred chlorophyll a (VRS-chla), stable nitrogen isotopes, and a selection of metal(loid)s. Warmer post-Little Ice Age conditions after the mid-19th century, together with higher eider occupation rates, promoted the proliferation of diatoms and other siliceous indicators. Declining eider populations during the industrial era, likely due to increased hunting pressures, was indicated by declines in δ15N values and relative abundances of diatom taxa typically associated with higher nutrients and/or moisture. Increasing concentrations of metals (i.e., Zn and Cd), δ15N values, and VRS-chla, which are positively associated with eider nesting activity, provided further support that eider numbers increased during the latter part of the 20th century. Our study shows that the accumulated vegetative and peat material from eider nests can provide a powerful tool to track historical bird population dynamics in ways that traditional, more recent, population monitoring methods cannot. Collectively, these methods can contribute insights to guide conservation decisions of this harvested species and other under-surveyed species.Tracking changes in seabird populations from remote Arctic regions using traditional monitoring techniques is financially and logistically challenging, leading to limited information on historical population trends. In this pilot study, we use a novel application of paleolimnological proxies to track environmental change using bird nests. Specifically, we examine long-term population dynamics of the Northern Common Eider (Somateria mollissima borealis), a philopatric sea duck. Eider nests from the Canadian sub-Arctic were sampled and radioisotopically dated, indicating that eiders have been nesting here since the 1800s. To assess the applicability of paleoecological proxies in nests to monitor environmental changes and long-term eider population dynamics, we examined changes in diatom species composition, shifts in the abundance of siliceous proxies (i.e., diatoms, chrysophyte cysts, phytoliths, protozoan plates), visible reflectance spectroscopy-inferred chlorophyll a (VRS-chla), stable nitrogen isotopes, and a selection of metal(loid)s. Warmer post-Little Ice Age conditions after the mid-19th century, together with higher eider occupation rates, promoted the proliferation of diatoms and other siliceous indicators. Declining eider populations during the industrial era, likely due to increased hunting pressures, was indicated by declines in δ15N values and relative abundances of diatom taxa typically associated with higher nutrients and/or moisture. Increasing concentrations of metals (i.e., Zn and Cd), δ15N values, and VRS-chla, which are positively associated with eider nesting activity, provided further support that eider numbers increased during the latter part of the 20th century. Our study shows that the accumulated vegetative and peat material from eider nests can provide a powerful tool to track historical bird population dynamics in ways that traditional, more recent, population monitoring methods cannot. Collectively, these methods can contribute insights to guide conservation decisions of this harvested species and other under-surveyed species.
Tracking changes in seabird populations from remote Arctic regions using traditional monitoring techniques is financially and logistically challenging, leading to limited information on historical population trends. In this pilot study, we use a novel application of paleolimnological proxies to track environmental change using bird nests. Specifically, we examine long-term population dynamics of the Northern Common Eider ( Somateria mollissima borealis ), a philopatric sea duck. Eider nests from the Canadian sub-Arctic were sampled and radioisotopically dated, indicating that eiders have been nesting here since the 1800s. To assess the applicability of paleoecological proxies in nests to monitor environmental changes and long-term eider population dynamics, we examined changes in diatom species composition, shifts in the abundance of siliceous proxies (i.e., diatoms, chrysophyte cysts, phytoliths, protozoan plates), visible reflectance spectroscopy-inferred chlorophyll a (VRS-chla), stable nitrogen isotopes, and a selection of metal(loid)s. Warmer post-Little Ice Age conditions after the mid-19 th century, together with higher eider occupation rates, promoted the proliferation of diatoms and other siliceous indicators. Declining eider populations during the industrial era, likely due to increased hunting pressures, was indicated by declines in δ 15 N values and relative abundances of diatom taxa typically associated with higher nutrients and/or moisture. Increasing concentrations of metals (i.e., Zn and Cd), δ 15 N values, and VRS-chla, which are positively associated with eider nesting activity, provided further support that eider numbers increased during the latter part of the 20 th century. Our study shows that the accumulated vegetative and peat material from eider nests can provide a powerful tool to track historical bird population dynamics in ways that traditional, more recent, population monitoring methods cannot. Collectively, these methods can contribute insights to guide conservation decisions of this harvested species and other under-surveyed species.
Author Duda, Matthew P.
Clyde, Nik
Álvarez-Manzaneda, Inmaculada
Hargan, Kathryn E.
Smol, John P.
Rühland, Kathleen M.
Mallory, Mark L.
Campbell, Marlo
Grant Gilchrist, H.
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BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/41071766$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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ContentType Journal Article
Copyright Copyright: © 2025 Álvarez-Manzaneda et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
2025 Álvarez-Manzaneda et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
2025 Álvarez-Manzaneda et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
Copyright_xml – notice: Copyright: © 2025 Álvarez-Manzaneda et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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– notice: 2025 Álvarez-Manzaneda et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
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Snippet Tracking changes in seabird populations from remote Arctic regions using traditional monitoring techniques is financially and logistically challenging, leading...
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SubjectTerms Abundance
Animal feathers
Animals
Aquatic birds
Archives
Archives & records
Arctic Regions
Arctic zone
Bacillariophyceae
Biomarkers
Bird migration
Bird populations
Cadmium
Canada
Climate change
Conservation biology
Diatoms
Ducks - physiology
Environmental changes
Environmental monitoring
History
Ice ages
Influenza
Inuit
Islands
Isotopes
Little Ice Age
Local population
Marine microorganisms
Metal concentrations
Metals
Monitoring
Monitoring methods
Nesting
Nesting behavior
Nesting Behavior - physiology
Nests
Nitrogen isotopes
Nutrients
Paleoecology
Peat
Population Dynamics
Populations
Seabirds
Species composition
Spectroscopy
Trends
Vegetation
Wildfowl
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Title Exploring the potential of nest archives for establishing long-term trends in local populations of an Arctic-nesting colonial sea duck
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Volume 20
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