Carbon emissions from agricultural expansion and intensification in the Chaco

Carbon emissions from land‐use changes in tropical dry forest systems are poorly understood, although they are likely globally significant. The South American Chaco has recently emerged as a hot spot of agricultural expansion and intensification, as cattle ranching and soybean cultivation expand int...

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Vydáno v:	Global change biology Ročník 23; číslo 5; s. 1902 - 1916
Hlavní autoři:	Baumann, Matthias, Gasparri, Ignacio, Piquer‐Rodríguez, María, Gavier Pizarro, Gregorio, Griffiths, Patrick, Hostert, Patrick, Kuemmerle, Tobias
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	England Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.05.2017
Témata:	Agricultural expansion Agricultural land Agriculture Animals Brazil Carbon carbon bookkeeping model Cattle Climate change Conservation of Natural Resources cropland Cultivation Deforestation deforestation frontiers Dry forests Emissions Forests Grazing grazing lands Greenhouse gases Land use land use change Landsat Landsat image archive monitoring post‐deforestation dynamics ranching Remote sensing savannas Soybeans Tropical Climate tropical dry forests Tropical forests savannas Landsat image archive tropical dry forests land-use change post-deforestation dynamics deforestation frontiers carbon bookkeeping model
ISSN:	1354-1013, 1365-2486
On-line přístup:	Získat plný text
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Popis
Shrnutí:	Carbon emissions from land‐use changes in tropical dry forest systems are poorly understood, although they are likely globally significant. The South American Chaco has recently emerged as a hot spot of agricultural expansion and intensification, as cattle ranching and soybean cultivation expand into forests, and as soybean cultivation replaces grazing lands. Still, our knowledge of the rates and spatial patterns of these land‐use changes and how they affected carbon emissions remains partial. We used the Landsat satellite image archive to reconstruct land‐use change over the past 30 years and applied a carbon bookkeeping model to quantify how these changes affected carbon budgets. Between 1985 and 2013, more than 142 000 km2 of the Chaco's forests, equaling 20% of all forest, was replaced by croplands (38.9%) or grazing lands (61.1%). Of those grazing lands that existed in 1985, about 40% were subsequently converted to cropland. These land‐use changes resulted in substantial carbon emissions, totaling 824 Tg C between 1985 and 2013, and 46.2 Tg C for 2013 alone. The majority of these emissions came from forest‐to‐grazing‐land conversions (68%), but post‐deforestation land‐use change triggered an additional 52.6 Tg C. Although tropical dry forests are less carbon‐dense than moist tropical forests, carbon emissions from land‐use change in the Chaco were similar in magnitude to those from other major tropical deforestation frontiers. Our study thus highlights the urgent need for an improved monitoring of the often overlooked tropical dry forests and savannas, and more broadly speaking the value of the Landsat image archive for quantifying carbon fluxes from land change.
Bibliografie:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23
ISSN:	1354-1013 1365-2486
DOI:	10.1111/gcb.13521