Eosinophils in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous lung condition characterised by chronic respiratory symptoms, fixed airway obstruction and persistent inflammation that leads to a progressive airflow limitation. Although COPD has traditionally been linked to neutrophilic inflammation,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Therapeutic advances in respiratory disease Vol. 19; p. 17534666251335800
Main Authors: Vanetti, Marco, Visca, Dina, Ardesi, Francesco, Zappa, Martina, Pignatti, Patrizia, Spanevello, Antonio
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: England SAGE Publications 01.01.2025
SAGE Publishing
Subjects:
Biomarkers - metabolism
Disease Progression
Eosinophils - immunology
Eosinophils - metabolism
Humans
Inflammation - physiopathology
Lung - immunology
Lung - physiopathology
Phenotype
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - drug therapy
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - immunology
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - physiopathology
Review
Sputum - cytology
Sputum - immunology
type-2 inflammation
biologics
eosinophil
biomarkers
COPD
ISSN:1753-4666, 1753-4658, 1753-4666
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous lung condition characterised by chronic respiratory symptoms, fixed airway obstruction and persistent inflammation that leads to a progressive airflow limitation. Although COPD has traditionally been linked to neutrophilic inflammation, recent studies have identified a subset of patients – approximately 20%–40% – with elevated eosinophil levels in blood and sputum. Emerging evidence suggests that eosinophilic inflammation has a pivotal role in a subset of COPD patients and may influence disease progression, exacerbation frequency and therapeutic responses. This narrative review provides a comprehensive analysis of the role of eosinophils in COPD with particular attention to their role as biomarkers in blood and sputum. We evaluate the prevalence of eosinophilic inflammation in COPD exanimating different thresholds used in blood and in sputum to define it. In addition, we focus on eosinophilic COPD phenotype as a treatable trait, emphasising recent evidence that supports the effectiveness of biological target therapy.
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ISSN:1753-4666
1753-4658
1753-4666
DOI:10.1177/17534666251335800