Two-level planning for coordination of energy storage systems and wind-solar-diesel units in active distribution networks

The optimal operation strategy of active distribution networks is investigated by this paper. The energy storage system (ESS) and distributed generation (DG) are utilized in the proposed planning. The paper presents two-level planning including short term and long term planning. The long term planni...

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Veröffentlicht in:	Energy (Oxford) Jg. 151; S. 954 - 965
Hauptverfasser:	Mahdavi, Sajad, Hemmati, Reza, Jirdehi, Mehdi Ahmadi
Format:	Journal Article
Sprache:	Englisch
Veröffentlicht:	Oxford Elsevier Ltd 15.05.2018 Elsevier BV
Schlagworte:	Active distribution network Algorithms cost effectiveness Depth of discharge Design optimization Diesel Discharge Distributed generation Electricity generation Energy Energy storage Energy storage system Generations Integer programming Long term planning Mixed integer Networks Objective function Optimization Photovoltaic cells Photovoltaics planning Reactive power Short term planning Solar cells Solar energy Stochastic planning Storage systems uncertainty wind Stochastic planning Short term planning Distributed generation Active distribution network Energy storage system Depth of discharge
ISSN:	0360-5442, 1873-6785
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Abstract	The optimal operation strategy of active distribution networks is investigated by this paper. The energy storage system (ESS) and distributed generation (DG) are utilized in the proposed planning. The paper presents two-level planning including short term and long term planning. The long term planning installs ESSs and diesel DGs on the network and the short term one determines an hourly optimal operation strategy for ESSs and diesel DGs. Different types of DG including solar photovoltaic (PV), wind, and diesel are studied at the same time. The objective function of the planning is to minimize annual operation cost of distribution network subject to security constraints of the network. The uncertainty of solar-wind units is estimated by many scenarios and stochastic programming is carried out to solve the problem. The proposed problem is expressed as a nonlinear mixed integer programming and solved by modified PSO algorithm. In order to cope with the real conditions, reactive power of ESSs and diesel DGs are included in the problem. Depth of discharge is also considered as a design variable and optimized for ESSs. The planning optimizes a large number of design variables at the same time including size and location of ESSs and diesel DGs, daily operation of diesel DGs, daily charging-discharging pattern of ESSs, and optimal depth of discharge for ESSs. The results demonstrate that the proposed two-level planning can effectively reduce cost and losses as well as increase efficiency and performance of the network. •A short-term planning is carried out together with long term planning.•Long term planning optimally installs distributed generations and batteries.•Short term planning optimizes hourly operation of generation units and batteries.•Active-reactive powers are considered for distributed generations and batteries.•Depth of discharge is considered as a design variable and optimized for batteries.
AbstractList	The optimal operation strategy of active distribution networks is investigated by this paper. The energy storage system (ESS) and distributed generation (DG) are utilized in the proposed planning. The paper presents two-level planning including short term and long term planning. The long term planning installs ESSs and diesel DGs on the network and the short term one determines an hourly optimal operation strategy for ESSs and diesel DGs. Different types of DG including solar photovoltaic (PV), wind, and diesel are studied at the same time. The objective function of the planning is to minimize annual operation cost of distribution network subject to security constraints of the network. The uncertainty of solar-wind units is estimated by many scenarios and stochastic programming is carried out to solve the problem. The proposed problem is expressed as a nonlinear mixed integer programming and solved by modified PSO algorithm. In order to cope with the real conditions, reactive power of ESSs and diesel DGs are included in the problem. Depth of discharge is also considered as a design variable and optimized for ESSs. The planning optimizes a large number of design variables at the same time including size and location of ESSs and diesel DGs, daily operation of diesel DGs, daily charging-discharging pattern of ESSs, and optimal depth of discharge for ESSs. The results demonstrate that the proposed two-level planning can effectively reduce cost and losses as well as increase efficiency and performance of the network. •A short-term planning is carried out together with long term planning.•Long term planning optimally installs distributed generations and batteries.•Short term planning optimizes hourly operation of generation units and batteries.•Active-reactive powers are considered for distributed generations and batteries.•Depth of discharge is considered as a design variable and optimized for batteries. The optimal operation strategy of active distribution networks is investigated by this paper. The energy storage system (ESS) and distributed generation (DG) are utilized in the proposed planning. The paper presents two-level planning including short term and long term planning. The long term planning installs ESSs and diesel DGs on the network and the short term one determines an hourly optimal operation strategy for ESSs and diesel DGs. Different types of DG including solar photovoltaic (PV), wind, and diesel are studied at the same time. The objective function of the planning is to minimize annual operation cost of distribution network subject to security constraints of the network. The uncertainty of solar-wind units is estimated by many scenarios and stochastic programming is carried out to solve the problem. The proposed problem is expressed as a nonlinear mixed integer programming and solved by modified PSO algorithm. In order to cope with the real conditions, reactive power of ESSs and diesel DGs are included in the problem. Depth of discharge is also considered as a design variable and optimized for ESSs. The planning optimizes a large number of design variables at the same time including size and location of ESSs and diesel DGs, daily operation of diesel DGs, daily charging-discharging pattern of ESSs, and optimal depth of discharge for ESSs. The results demonstrate that the proposed two-level planning can effectively reduce cost and losses as well as increase efficiency and performance of the network.
Author	Mahdavi, Sajad Jirdehi, Mehdi Ahmadi Hemmati, Reza
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Sajad surname: Mahdavi fullname: Mahdavi, Sajad email: smahdavik@gmail.com – sequence: 2 givenname: Reza surname: Hemmati fullname: Hemmati, Reza email: r.hemmati@kut.ac.ir – sequence: 3 givenname: Mehdi Ahmadi surname: Jirdehi fullname: Jirdehi, Mehdi Ahmadi email: m.ahmadi@kut.ac.ir
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Keywords	Stochastic planning Short term planning Distributed generation Active distribution network Energy storage system Depth of discharge
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Snippet	The optimal operation strategy of active distribution networks is investigated by this paper. The energy storage system (ESS) and distributed generation (DG)...
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SubjectTerms	Active distribution network Algorithms cost effectiveness Depth of discharge Design optimization Diesel Discharge Distributed generation Electricity generation Energy Energy storage Energy storage system Generations Integer programming Long term planning Mixed integer Networks Objective function Optimization Photovoltaic cells Photovoltaics planning Reactive power Short term planning Solar cells Solar energy Stochastic planning Storage systems uncertainty wind
Title	Two-level planning for coordination of energy storage systems and wind-solar-diesel units in active distribution networks
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