Consistently positive effect of species diversity on ecosystem, but not population, temporal stability
Despite much recent progress, our understanding of diversity–stability relationships across different study systems remains incomplete. In particular, recent theory clarified that within‐species population stability and among‐species asynchronous population dynamics combine to determine ecosystem te...
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| Published in: | Ecology letters Vol. 24; no. 10; pp. 2256 - 2266 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
England
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
01.10.2021
Wiley |
| Series: | ecology letters |
| Subjects: | |
| ISSN: | 1461-023X, 1461-0248, 1461-0248 |
| Online Access: | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Despite much recent progress, our understanding of diversity–stability relationships across different study systems remains incomplete. In particular, recent theory clarified that within‐species population stability and among‐species asynchronous population dynamics combine to determine ecosystem temporal stability, but their relative importance in modulating diversity‐ecosystem temporal stability relationships in different ecosystems remains unclear. We addressed this issue with a meta‐analysis of empirical studies of ecosystem and population temporal stability in relation to species diversity across a range of taxa and ecosystems. We show that ecosystem temporal stability tended to increase with species diversity, regardless of study systems. Increasing diversity promoted asynchrony, which, in turn, contributed to increased ecosystem stability. The positive diversity–ecosystem stability relationship persisted even after accounting for the influences of environmental covariates (e.g., precipitation and nutrient input). By contrast, species diversity tended to reduce population temporal stability in terrestrial systems but increase population temporal stability in aquatic systems, suggesting that asynchronous dynamics among species are essential for stabilizing diverse terrestrial ecosystems. We conclude that there is compelling empirical evidence for a general positive relationship between species diversity and ecosystem‐level temporal stability, but the contrasting diversity–population temporal stability relationships between terrestrial and aquatic systems call for more investigations into their underlying mechanisms.
Our meta‐analysis showed that ecosystem temporal stability tended to increase with species diversity, regardless of study systems. Increasing diversity promoted asynchronous dynamics among species, which, in turn, contributed to increased ecosystem stability. By contrast, species diversity tended to reduce population stability in terrestrial systems but increase population stability in aquatic systems, suggesting that asynchronous dynamics are particularly important for stabilizing diverse terrestrial ecosystems. |
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| AbstractList | Despite much recent progress, our understanding of diversity-stability relationships across different study systems remains incomplete. In particular, recent theory clarified that within-species population stability and among-species asynchronous population dynamics combine to determine ecosystem temporal stability, but their relative importance in modulating diversity-ecosystem temporal stability relationships in different ecosystems remains unclear. We addressed this issue with a meta-analysis of empirical studies of ecosystem and population temporal stability in relation to species diversity across a range of taxa and ecosystems. We show that ecosystem temporal stability tended to increase with species diversity, regardless of study systems. Increasing diversity promoted asynchrony, which, in turn, contributed to increased ecosystem stability. The positive diversity-ecosystem stability relationship persisted even after accounting for the influences of environmental covariates (e.g., precipitation and nutrient input). By contrast, species diversity tended to reduce population temporal stability in terrestrial systems but increase population temporal stability in aquatic systems, suggesting that asynchronous dynamics among species are essential for stabilizing diverse terrestrial ecosystems. We conclude that there is compelling empirical evidence for a general positive relationship between species diversity and ecosystem-level temporal stability, but the contrasting diversity-population temporal stability relationships between terrestrial and aquatic systems call for more investigations into their underlying mechanisms.Despite much recent progress, our understanding of diversity-stability relationships across different study systems remains incomplete. In particular, recent theory clarified that within-species population stability and among-species asynchronous population dynamics combine to determine ecosystem temporal stability, but their relative importance in modulating diversity-ecosystem temporal stability relationships in different ecosystems remains unclear. We addressed this issue with a meta-analysis of empirical studies of ecosystem and population temporal stability in relation to species diversity across a range of taxa and ecosystems. We show that ecosystem temporal stability tended to increase with species diversity, regardless of study systems. Increasing diversity promoted asynchrony, which, in turn, contributed to increased ecosystem stability. The positive diversity-ecosystem stability relationship persisted even after accounting for the influences of environmental covariates (e.g., precipitation and nutrient input). By contrast, species diversity tended to reduce population temporal stability in terrestrial systems but increase population temporal stability in aquatic systems, suggesting that asynchronous dynamics among species are essential for stabilizing diverse terrestrial ecosystems. We conclude that there is compelling empirical evidence for a general positive relationship between species diversity and ecosystem-level temporal stability, but the contrasting diversity-population temporal stability relationships between terrestrial and aquatic systems call for more investigations into their underlying mechanisms. Despite much recent progress, our understanding of diversity–stability relationships across different study systems remains incomplete. In particular, recent theory clarified that within‐species population stability and among‐species asynchronous population dynamics combine to determine ecosystem temporal stability, but their relative importance in modulating diversity‐ecosystem temporal stability relationships in different ecosystems remains unclear. We addressed this issue with a meta‐analysis of empirical studies of ecosystem and population temporal stability in relation to species diversity across a range of taxa and ecosystems. We show that ecosystem temporal stability tended to increase with species diversity, regardless of study systems. Increasing diversity promoted asynchrony, which, in turn, contributed to increased ecosystem stability. The positive diversity–ecosystem stability relationship persisted even after accounting for the influences of environmental covariates (e.g., precipitation and nutrient input). By contrast, species diversity tended to reduce population temporal stability in terrestrial systems but increase population temporal stability in aquatic systems, suggesting that asynchronous dynamics among species are essential for stabilizing diverse terrestrial ecosystems. We conclude that there is compelling empirical evidence for a general positive relationship between species diversity and ecosystem‐level temporal stability, but the contrasting diversity–population temporal stability relationships between terrestrial and aquatic systems call for more investigations into their underlying mechanisms. Despite much recent progress, our understanding of diversity–stability relationships across different study systems remains incomplete. In particular, recent theory clarified that within‐species population stability and among‐species asynchronous population dynamics combine to determine ecosystem temporal stability, but their relative importance in modulating diversity‐ecosystem temporal stability relationships in different ecosystems remains unclear. We addressed this issue with a meta‐analysis of empirical studies of ecosystem and population temporal stability in relation to species diversity across a range of taxa and ecosystems. We show that ecosystem temporal stability tended to increase with species diversity, regardless of study systems. Increasing diversity promoted asynchrony, which, in turn, contributed to increased ecosystem stability. The positive diversity–ecosystem stability relationship persisted even after accounting for the influences of environmental covariates (e.g., precipitation and nutrient input). By contrast, species diversity tended to reduce population temporal stability in terrestrial systems but increase population temporal stability in aquatic systems, suggesting that asynchronous dynamics among species are essential for stabilizing diverse terrestrial ecosystems. We conclude that there is compelling empirical evidence for a general positive relationship between species diversity and ecosystem‐level temporal stability, but the contrasting diversity–population temporal stability relationships between terrestrial and aquatic systems call for more investigations into their underlying mechanisms. Our meta‐analysis showed that ecosystem temporal stability tended to increase with species diversity, regardless of study systems. Increasing diversity promoted asynchronous dynamics among species, which, in turn, contributed to increased ecosystem stability. By contrast, species diversity tended to reduce population stability in terrestrial systems but increase population stability in aquatic systems, suggesting that asynchronous dynamics are particularly important for stabilizing diverse terrestrial ecosystems. |
| Author | Wang, Shaopeng Chase, Jonathan Xu, Qianna Yang, Xian Loreau, Michel Jiang, Lin Yan, Ying |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Qianna surname: Xu fullname: Xu, Qianna organization: Georgia Institute of Technology – sequence: 2 givenname: Xian orcidid: 0000-0002-1527-7673 surname: Yang fullname: Yang, Xian organization: Sun Yat‐sen University – sequence: 3 givenname: Ying surname: Yan fullname: Yan, Ying organization: Peking University – sequence: 4 givenname: Shaopeng orcidid: 0000-0002-9430-8879 surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Shaopeng organization: Peking University – sequence: 5 givenname: Michel surname: Loreau fullname: Loreau, Michel email: michel.loreau@sete.cnrs.fr organization: CNRS – sequence: 6 givenname: Lin orcidid: 0000-0002-7114-0794 surname: Jiang fullname: Jiang, Lin email: lin.jiang@biology.gatech.edu organization: Georgia Institute of Technology – sequence: 7 givenname: Jonathan surname: Chase fullname: Chase, Jonathan |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34002439$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed https://hal.science/hal-03356577$$DView record in HAL |
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| Keywords | asynchrony meta-analysis ecosystem functions biodiversity stability |
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| SubjectTerms | Aquatic environment Aquatic populations asynchrony Biodiversity Dynamic stability ecological balance ecosystem functions Ecosystem stability Ecosystem studies Ecosystems Empirical analysis Environmental Sciences Meta-analysis Population Population dynamics Population stability Population studies Species diversity stability Stability analysis Terrestrial ecosystems |
| Title | Consistently positive effect of species diversity on ecosystem, but not population, temporal stability |
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