The contralateral limb is no reliable reference to restore coronal alignment in TKA

Purpose Implementation of morphometric reference data from the contralateral, unaffected lower limb is suggested when reconstructing the coronal plane alignment in TKA. Limited information, however, is available which confirms this left-to-right symmetry in coronal alignment based upon radiographs....

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Vydané v:Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA Ročník 30; číslo 2; s. 477 - 487
Hlavní autori: Beckers, Lucas, Colyn, William, Bellemans, Johan, Victor, Jan, Vandekerckhove, Pieter-Jan
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:English
Vydavateľské údaje: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.02.2022
John Wiley & Sons, Inc
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ISSN:0942-2056, 1433-7347, 1433-7347
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Abstract Purpose Implementation of morphometric reference data from the contralateral, unaffected lower limb is suggested when reconstructing the coronal plane alignment in TKA. Limited information, however, is available which confirms this left-to-right symmetry in coronal alignment based upon radiographs. The purpose of the study was, therefore, (1) to verify if a left-to-right symmetry is present and (2) to assess whether the contralateral lower limb would be a reliable reference for reconstructing the frontal plane alignment. Methods Full-leg standing radiographs of 250 volunteers (male, 125; female,125) were reviewed for three alignment parameters (Hip–Knee–Ankle angle (HKA), Femoral Mechanical Angle (FMA) and Tibial Mechanical Angle (TMA)). Evaluation of assumed left-to-right symmetry was performed according to two coronal alignment classifications (HKA subdivisions (HKA) and limb, femoral and tibial phenotypes (HKA, FMA and TMA)). Inter- and within-subject variability was calculated, along with correlations coefficients ( r ) and coefficients of determination ( r 2 ). Reliability of the contralateral limb as a personalized reference to reconstruct the constitutional alignment was investigated by intervals, expanding by 1° increments (0.5° increment both to varus and valgus) around the right knee alignment parameters. Subsequently, it was verified whether or not the left knee parameters fell within this interval. Results Symmetrical distribution in coronal alignment was found in 79% (HKA subdivision) and 59% (limb phenotype) of the cohort. Gender differences were present for the most common symmetric limb phenotypes (VAR HKA 3° (23.2%) in males and NEU HKA 0° (38.4%) in females). Inter-subject variability was more prominent than the within-subject side differences for all parameters. Correlations analyses revealed mostly moderate correlations between the alignment measurements. Coefficients of determination showed overall weak left-to-right relationship, except for a moderate predictability for HKA ( r 2  = 0.538, p  < 0.001) and FMA ( r 2  = 0.618, p  < 0.001) in females. FMA and TMA marked weak predictive values for contralateral HKA. Only 60% of left knees were referenced within a 3° interval around the right knee. Conclusion No strict left-to-right symmetry was observed in coronal alignment measurements. There is insufficient left-to-right agreement to consider the concept of the contralateral unaffected limb as an idealized reference for frontal plane alignment reconstruction based upon full-leg standing radiographs. Level of evidence I.
AbstractList Purpose Implementation of morphometric reference data from the contralateral, unaffected lower limb is suggested when reconstructing the coronal plane alignment in TKA. Limited information, however, is available which confirms this left-to-right symmetry in coronal alignment based upon radiographs. The purpose of the study was, therefore, (1) to verify if a left-to-right symmetry is present and (2) to assess whether the contralateral lower limb would be a reliable reference for reconstructing the frontal plane alignment. Methods Full-leg standing radiographs of 250 volunteers (male, 125; female,125) were reviewed for three alignment parameters (Hip–Knee–Ankle angle (HKA), Femoral Mechanical Angle (FMA) and Tibial Mechanical Angle (TMA)). Evaluation of assumed left-to-right symmetry was performed according to two coronal alignment classifications (HKA subdivisions (HKA) and limb, femoral and tibial phenotypes (HKA, FMA and TMA)). Inter- and within-subject variability was calculated, along with correlations coefficients ( r ) and coefficients of determination ( r 2 ). Reliability of the contralateral limb as a personalized reference to reconstruct the constitutional alignment was investigated by intervals, expanding by 1° increments (0.5° increment both to varus and valgus) around the right knee alignment parameters. Subsequently, it was verified whether or not the left knee parameters fell within this interval. Results Symmetrical distribution in coronal alignment was found in 79% (HKA subdivision) and 59% (limb phenotype) of the cohort. Gender differences were present for the most common symmetric limb phenotypes (VAR HKA 3° (23.2%) in males and NEU HKA 0° (38.4%) in females). Inter-subject variability was more prominent than the within-subject side differences for all parameters. Correlations analyses revealed mostly moderate correlations between the alignment measurements. Coefficients of determination showed overall weak left-to-right relationship, except for a moderate predictability for HKA ( r 2  = 0.538, p  < 0.001) and FMA ( r 2  = 0.618, p  < 0.001) in females. FMA and TMA marked weak predictive values for contralateral HKA. Only 60% of left knees were referenced within a 3° interval around the right knee. Conclusion No strict left-to-right symmetry was observed in coronal alignment measurements. There is insufficient left-to-right agreement to consider the concept of the contralateral unaffected limb as an idealized reference for frontal plane alignment reconstruction based upon full-leg standing radiographs. Level of evidence I.
Implementation of morphometric reference data from the contralateral, unaffected lower limb is suggested when reconstructing the coronal plane alignment in TKA. Limited information, however, is available which confirms this left-to-right symmetry in coronal alignment based upon radiographs. The purpose of the study was, therefore, (1) to verify if a left-to-right symmetry is present and (2) to assess whether the contralateral lower limb would be a reliable reference for reconstructing the frontal plane alignment.PURPOSEImplementation of morphometric reference data from the contralateral, unaffected lower limb is suggested when reconstructing the coronal plane alignment in TKA. Limited information, however, is available which confirms this left-to-right symmetry in coronal alignment based upon radiographs. The purpose of the study was, therefore, (1) to verify if a left-to-right symmetry is present and (2) to assess whether the contralateral lower limb would be a reliable reference for reconstructing the frontal plane alignment.Full-leg standing radiographs of 250 volunteers (male, 125; female,125) were reviewed for three alignment parameters (Hip-Knee-Ankle angle (HKA), Femoral Mechanical Angle (FMA) and Tibial Mechanical Angle (TMA)). Evaluation of assumed left-to-right symmetry was performed according to two coronal alignment classifications (HKA subdivisions (HKA) and limb, femoral and tibial phenotypes (HKA, FMA and TMA)). Inter- and within-subject variability was calculated, along with correlations coefficients (r) and coefficients of determination (r2). Reliability of the contralateral limb as a personalized reference to reconstruct the constitutional alignment was investigated by intervals, expanding by 1° increments (0.5° increment both to varus and valgus) around the right knee alignment parameters. Subsequently, it was verified whether or not the left knee parameters fell within this interval.METHODSFull-leg standing radiographs of 250 volunteers (male, 125; female,125) were reviewed for three alignment parameters (Hip-Knee-Ankle angle (HKA), Femoral Mechanical Angle (FMA) and Tibial Mechanical Angle (TMA)). Evaluation of assumed left-to-right symmetry was performed according to two coronal alignment classifications (HKA subdivisions (HKA) and limb, femoral and tibial phenotypes (HKA, FMA and TMA)). Inter- and within-subject variability was calculated, along with correlations coefficients (r) and coefficients of determination (r2). Reliability of the contralateral limb as a personalized reference to reconstruct the constitutional alignment was investigated by intervals, expanding by 1° increments (0.5° increment both to varus and valgus) around the right knee alignment parameters. Subsequently, it was verified whether or not the left knee parameters fell within this interval.Symmetrical distribution in coronal alignment was found in 79% (HKA subdivision) and 59% (limb phenotype) of the cohort. Gender differences were present for the most common symmetric limb phenotypes (VARHKA3° (23.2%) in males and NEUHKA0° (38.4%) in females). Inter-subject variability was more prominent than the within-subject side differences for all parameters. Correlations analyses revealed mostly moderate correlations between the alignment measurements. Coefficients of determination showed overall weak left-to-right relationship, except for a moderate predictability for HKA (r2 = 0.538, p < 0.001) and FMA (r2 = 0.618, p < 0.001) in females. FMA and TMA marked weak predictive values for contralateral HKA. Only 60% of left knees were referenced within a 3° interval around the right knee.RESULTSSymmetrical distribution in coronal alignment was found in 79% (HKA subdivision) and 59% (limb phenotype) of the cohort. Gender differences were present for the most common symmetric limb phenotypes (VARHKA3° (23.2%) in males and NEUHKA0° (38.4%) in females). Inter-subject variability was more prominent than the within-subject side differences for all parameters. Correlations analyses revealed mostly moderate correlations between the alignment measurements. Coefficients of determination showed overall weak left-to-right relationship, except for a moderate predictability for HKA (r2 = 0.538, p < 0.001) and FMA (r2 = 0.618, p < 0.001) in females. FMA and TMA marked weak predictive values for contralateral HKA. Only 60% of left knees were referenced within a 3° interval around the right knee.No strict left-to-right symmetry was observed in coronal alignment measurements. There is insufficient left-to-right agreement to consider the concept of the contralateral unaffected limb as an idealized reference for frontal plane alignment reconstruction based upon full-leg standing radiographs.CONCLUSIONNo strict left-to-right symmetry was observed in coronal alignment measurements. There is insufficient left-to-right agreement to consider the concept of the contralateral unaffected limb as an idealized reference for frontal plane alignment reconstruction based upon full-leg standing radiographs.I.LEVEL OF EVIDENCEI.
Implementation of morphometric reference data from the contralateral, unaffected lower limb is suggested when reconstructing the coronal plane alignment in TKA. Limited information, however, is available which confirms this left-to-right symmetry in coronal alignment based upon radiographs. The purpose of the study was, therefore, (1) to verify if a left-to-right symmetry is present and (2) to assess whether the contralateral lower limb would be a reliable reference for reconstructing the frontal plane alignment. Full-leg standing radiographs of 250 volunteers (male, 125; female,125) were reviewed for three alignment parameters (Hip-Knee-Ankle angle (HKA), Femoral Mechanical Angle (FMA) and Tibial Mechanical Angle (TMA)). Evaluation of assumed left-to-right symmetry was performed according to two coronal alignment classifications (HKA subdivisions (HKA) and limb, femoral and tibial phenotypes (HKA, FMA and TMA)). Inter- and within-subject variability was calculated, along with correlations coefficients (r) and coefficients of determination (r ). Reliability of the contralateral limb as a personalized reference to reconstruct the constitutional alignment was investigated by intervals, expanding by 1° increments (0.5° increment both to varus and valgus) around the right knee alignment parameters. Subsequently, it was verified whether or not the left knee parameters fell within this interval. Symmetrical distribution in coronal alignment was found in 79% (HKA subdivision) and 59% (limb phenotype) of the cohort. Gender differences were present for the most common symmetric limb phenotypes (VAR 3° (23.2%) in males and NEU 0° (38.4%) in females). Inter-subject variability was more prominent than the within-subject side differences for all parameters. Correlations analyses revealed mostly moderate correlations between the alignment measurements. Coefficients of determination showed overall weak left-to-right relationship, except for a moderate predictability for HKA (r  = 0.538, p < 0.001) and FMA (r  = 0.618, p < 0.001) in females. FMA and TMA marked weak predictive values for contralateral HKA. Only 60% of left knees were referenced within a 3° interval around the right knee. No strict left-to-right symmetry was observed in coronal alignment measurements. There is insufficient left-to-right agreement to consider the concept of the contralateral unaffected limb as an idealized reference for frontal plane alignment reconstruction based upon full-leg standing radiographs. I.
PurposeImplementation of morphometric reference data from the contralateral, unaffected lower limb is suggested when reconstructing the coronal plane alignment in TKA. Limited information, however, is available which confirms this left-to-right symmetry in coronal alignment based upon radiographs. The purpose of the study was, therefore, (1) to verify if a left-to-right symmetry is present and (2) to assess whether the contralateral lower limb would be a reliable reference for reconstructing the frontal plane alignment.MethodsFull-leg standing radiographs of 250 volunteers (male, 125; female,125) were reviewed for three alignment parameters (Hip–Knee–Ankle angle (HKA), Femoral Mechanical Angle (FMA) and Tibial Mechanical Angle (TMA)). Evaluation of assumed left-to-right symmetry was performed according to two coronal alignment classifications (HKA subdivisions (HKA) and limb, femoral and tibial phenotypes (HKA, FMA and TMA)). Inter- and within-subject variability was calculated, along with correlations coefficients (r) and coefficients of determination (r2). Reliability of the contralateral limb as a personalized reference to reconstruct the constitutional alignment was investigated by intervals, expanding by 1° increments (0.5° increment both to varus and valgus) around the right knee alignment parameters. Subsequently, it was verified whether or not the left knee parameters fell within this interval.ResultsSymmetrical distribution in coronal alignment was found in 79% (HKA subdivision) and 59% (limb phenotype) of the cohort. Gender differences were present for the most common symmetric limb phenotypes (VARHKA3° (23.2%) in males and NEUHKA0° (38.4%) in females). Inter-subject variability was more prominent than the within-subject side differences for all parameters. Correlations analyses revealed mostly moderate correlations between the alignment measurements. Coefficients of determination showed overall weak left-to-right relationship, except for a moderate predictability for HKA (r2 = 0.538, p < 0.001) and FMA (r2 = 0.618, p < 0.001) in females. FMA and TMA marked weak predictive values for contralateral HKA. Only 60% of left knees were referenced within a 3° interval around the right knee.ConclusionNo strict left-to-right symmetry was observed in coronal alignment measurements. There is insufficient left-to-right agreement to consider the concept of the contralateral unaffected limb as an idealized reference for frontal plane alignment reconstruction based upon full-leg standing radiographs.Level of evidenceI.
Author Bellemans, Johan
Beckers, Lucas
Colyn, William
Victor, Jan
Vandekerckhove, Pieter-Jan
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Lucas
  surname: Beckers
  fullname: Beckers, Lucas
  organization: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Sint-Jan Hospital, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Sint-Lucas Hospital, Orthoclinic Orthopaedic Centre Bruges
– sequence: 2
  givenname: William
  surname: Colyn
  fullname: Colyn, William
  organization: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, General Hospital Turnhout
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Johan
  surname: Bellemans
  fullname: Bellemans, Johan
  organization: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, GRIT Belgian Sports Clinic
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Jan
  surname: Victor
  fullname: Victor, Jan
  organization: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Sint-Lucas Hospital, Orthoclinic Orthopaedic Centre Bruges, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Ghent University Hospital
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Pieter-Jan
  orcidid: 0000-0002-0305-5280
  surname: Vandekerckhove
  fullname: Vandekerckhove, Pieter-Jan
  email: pieterjanvandekerckhove@hotmail.com
  organization: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Sint-Jan Hospital, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Sint-Lucas Hospital, Orthoclinic Orthopaedic Centre Bruges
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32696089$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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ContentType Journal Article
Copyright European Society of Sports Traumatology, Knee Surgery, Arthroscopy (ESSKA) 2020
2020. European Society of Sports Traumatology, Knee Surgery, Arthroscopy (ESSKA).
European Society of Sports Traumatology, Knee Surgery, Arthroscopy (ESSKA) 2020.
Copyright_xml – notice: European Society of Sports Traumatology, Knee Surgery, Arthroscopy (ESSKA) 2020
– notice: 2020. European Society of Sports Traumatology, Knee Surgery, Arthroscopy (ESSKA).
– notice: European Society of Sports Traumatology, Knee Surgery, Arthroscopy (ESSKA) 2020.
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Issue 2
Keywords Knee
Alignment
Contralateral
Coronal
Lower extremity
Arthroplasty
Knee replacement
Symmetry
Language English
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2020. European Society of Sports Traumatology, Knee Surgery, Arthroscopy (ESSKA).
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PublicationTitle Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA
PublicationTitleAbbrev Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc
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Snippet Purpose Implementation of morphometric reference data from the contralateral, unaffected lower limb is suggested when reconstructing the coronal plane...
Implementation of morphometric reference data from the contralateral, unaffected lower limb is suggested when reconstructing the coronal plane alignment in...
PurposeImplementation of morphometric reference data from the contralateral, unaffected lower limb is suggested when reconstructing the coronal plane alignment...
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StartPage 477
SubjectTerms Alignment
Ankle
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee
Biomedical materials
Coefficients
Female
Females
Femur
Femur - surgery
Gender aspects
Humans
Knee
Knee Joint - diagnostic imaging
Knee Joint - surgery
Male
Mathematical analysis
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Orthopedics
Osteoarthritis, Knee - surgery
Parameters
Phenotypes
Radiographs
Radiography
Reproducibility of Results
Sex differences
Sports Medicine
Subdivisions
Symmetry
Tibia - diagnostic imaging
Tibia - surgery
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Title The contralateral limb is no reliable reference to restore coronal alignment in TKA
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