Time-Course physiopathology of Porthidium lansbergii lansbergii Envenomation in Swiss Webster Mice: Insights into Systemic Manifestations

Objective The expansion of human activities in northern Colombia has increased human-snake encounters, particularly with venomous Porthidium lansbergii lansbergii. Given the limited knowledge of systemic envenomation effects and previous studies focusing only on early murine symptoms, this investiga...

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Published in:Science progress (1916) Vol. 108; no. 1; p. 368504241304205
Main Authors: Montealegre-Sánchez, Leonel, Lima, Mikael A., Montoya-Gómez, Alejandro, Solano-Redondo, Luis, Silva, Dayara O., Alves Pereira, Karuza M., Lima Mota, Mario R., Silveira, Edilberto Rocha, de Sousa Brasil, Nilce Viana Gramosa Pompeu, Alves Filho, Elenilson G., Havt, Alexandre, Jiménez-Charris, Eliécer
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: London, England SAGE Publications 01.01.2025
Sage Publications Ltd
Subjects:
Allantoin
Animals
Antioxidants
Biochemical markers
Biology & Life Sciences
Biomarkers
Biomarkers - urine
Creatinine
In vivo methods and tests
Inflammation
Kidney - drug effects
Kidney - metabolism
Kidney - pathology
Kidneys
Lethal Dose 50
Lethality
Long-term effects
Male
Metabolomics
Mice
Muscle, Skeletal - drug effects
Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism
Muscle, Skeletal - pathology
Muscles
Oxidative stress
Oxidative Stress - drug effects
Porthidium lansbergii lansbergii
Renal function
Snake Bites - physiopathology
Structure-function relationships
Taurine
Urine
Venom
Viperidae
snakebite envenoming
Viperidae
ophidism
kidney injury
physiopathological alterations
oxidative stress
ISSN:0036-8504, 2047-7163, 2047-7163
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Objective The expansion of human activities in northern Colombia has increased human-snake encounters, particularly with venomous Porthidium lansbergii lansbergii. Given the limited knowledge of systemic envenomation effects and previous studies focusing only on early murine symptoms, this investigation aimed to describe the time-course physiopathology of P. lansbergii lansbergii envenomation following intramuscular injection in vivo. Methods Venom was inoculated in the gastrocnemius muscles of Swiss Webster mice, and blood, urine, and tissue samples were taken at different times to evaluate lethality and biochemical markers of renal function and oxidative stress. Results This study reports the first intramuscular LD50 for P. lansbergii lansbergii venom at 24.83 mg/Kg. Administering 80% of this LD50 induced early signs of renal injury, evidenced by urinary biomarkers over 24 h. The antioxidant activity was found at low levels in kidney tissue throughout the evaluated time post-envenomation. Malondialdehyde activity increased at the earliest point, while proinflammatory activity increased later. Urine metabolomics revealed elevated taurine and allantoin in the envenomed groups. Discussion Compensatory mechanisms in response to oxidative stress and tissue damage induced by the venom were evident in the envenomed mice over the evaluated time. However, histological analysis revealed evidence of pro-inflammatory processes occurring only at early times. Metabolomic analyses of urine samples identified taurine as a potential early biomarker of elevated oxidative stress and protein and creatinine levels. Conclusions P. lansbergii lansbergii venom induces alterations in murine renal tissue, affecting urinary biomarkers of kidney function within hours post-envenomation. Delayed proinflammatory effects may suggest an antioxidant imbalance in the envenomed mice, with unknown long-term effects. Further research on the role of oxidative stress and inflammation in renal structure and function following envenomation is necessary, emphasizing the need for prompt clinical management.
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ISSN:0036-8504
2047-7163
2047-7163
DOI:10.1177/00368504241304205