Risk factors and outcomes of maternal obesity and excessive weight gain during pregnancy

Objective: The prevalence of overweight and obesity among women of reproductive age is increasing. We aimed to determine risk factors and maternal, fetal and childhood consequences of maternal obesity and excessive gestational weight gain. Design and Methods: The study was embedded in a population‐b...

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Veröffentlicht in:Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) Jg. 21; H. 5; S. 1046 - 1055
Hauptverfasser: Gaillard, Romy, Durmuş, Büşra, Hofman, Albert, Mackenbach, Johan P., Steegers, Eric A.P., Jaddoe, Vincent W.V.
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: Hoboken, USA John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.05.2013
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Schlagworte:
Adult
Age
Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO
Birth Weight
Blood pressure
Cesarean Section
Confidence intervals
Diabetes
Diabetes, Gestational - etiology
Energy Intake
Female
Glucose
Humans
Hypertension
Lifestyles
Medical records
Netherlands
Obesity
Obesity - etiology
Obesity - genetics
Odds Ratio
Parity
Pediatric Obesity - etiology
Pre-Eclampsia - etiology
Preeclampsia
Pregnancy
Pregnancy Complications - etiology
Pregnancy Complications - genetics
Pregnancy Outcome
Pregnancy Trimesters
Prospective Studies
Proteins - genetics
Questionnaires
Risk Factors
Smoking
Socioeconomic Factors
Weight control
Weight Gain
Womens health
Young Adult
ISSN:1930-7381, 1930-739X, 1930-739X
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Zusammenfassung:Objective: The prevalence of overweight and obesity among women of reproductive age is increasing. We aimed to determine risk factors and maternal, fetal and childhood consequences of maternal obesity and excessive gestational weight gain. Design and Methods: The study was embedded in a population‐based prospective cohort study among 6959 mothers and their children. The study was based in Rotterdam, The Netherlands (2001–2005). Results: Maternal lower educational level, lower household income, multiparity, and FTO risk allel were associated with an increased risk of maternal obesity, whereas maternal European ethnicity, nulliparity, higher total energy intake, and smoking during pregnancy were associated with an increased risk of excessive gestational weight gain (all p‐values <0.05). As compared to normal weight, maternal obesity was associated with increased risks of gestational hypertension (OR 6.31 (95% CI 4.30, 9.26)), preeclampsia (OR (3.61, (95% CI 2.04, 6.39)), gestational diabetes (OR 6.28 (95%CI 3.01, 13.06)), caesarean delivery (OR 1.91 (95% CI 1.46, 2.50)), delivering large size for gestational age infants (OR 2.97 (95% CI 2.16, 4.08)), and childhood obesity (OR 5.02 (95% CI:2.97, 8.45)). Weaker associations of excessive gestational weight gain with maternal, fetal and childhood outcomes were observed, with the strongest effects for first trimester weight gain. Conclusions: Our study shows that maternal obesity and excessive weight gain during pregnancy are associated with socio‐demographic, lifestyle, and genetic factors and with increased risks of adverse maternal, fetal and childhood outcomes. As compared to prepregnancy overweight and obesity, excessive gestational weight gain has a limited influence on adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Bibliographie:Disclosure: The authors declare no conflict of interest. The Generation R Study is conducted by the Erasmus Medical Center in close collaboration with the School of Law and Faculty of Social Sciences of the Erasmus University Rotterdam, the Municipal Health Service Rotterdam area, Rotterdam, the Rotterdam Homecare Foundation, Rotterdam and the Stichting Trombosedienst & Artsenlaboratorium Rijnmond (STAR‐MDC), Rotterdam. We gratefully acknowledge the contribution of children and parents, general practitioners, hospitals, midwives and pharmacies in Rotterdam. The general design of Generation R Study is made possible by financial support from the Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Erasmus University Rotterdam, the Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMw), the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO), the Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport and the Ministry of Youth and Families. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2013), project EarlyNutrition under grant agreement no 289346. Drs Durmuş was supported by an unrestricted grant from Danone Research. Dr Jaddoe received additional grants from the Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMw 90700303, 916.10159)
Role of the Sponsor: The funding agencies had no role in the design and conduct of the study; nor in the collection, management, analysis and interpretation of the data; nor in the preparation, review, and approval of the manuscript.
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ISSN:1930-7381
1930-739X
1930-739X
DOI:10.1002/oby.20088