Memory B cells and plasma cells: The differentiative continuum of humoral immunity

Summary Immunological memory is a composite of lasting antibody titers maintained by plasma cells in conjunction with memory T and B cells. Memory B cells are a critical reservoir for plasma cell generation in the secondary response. Identification of memory B cells requires that they be distinguish...

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Published in:Immunological reviews Vol. 303; no. 1; pp. 72 - 82
Main Authors: Cancro, Michael P., Tomayko, Mary M.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: England Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.09.2021
Subjects:
Animals
Antibodies
antibody‐forming cell
B-Lymphocytes
CD27 antigen
CD73 antigen
CD80 antigen
Cell differentiation
Germinal Center
Germinal centers
Heterogeneity
Humoral immunity
Immunity, Humoral
Immunologic Memory
Immunological memory
Immunology
Lymphocytes B
memory B cell
Memory cells
Mice
Organs
Plasma
plasma cell
Plasma Cells
Spleen
T‐dependent immune response
T-dependent immune response
antibody-forming cell
plasma cell
memory B cell
ISSN:0105-2896, 1600-065X, 1600-065X
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Summary Immunological memory is a composite of lasting antibody titers maintained by plasma cells in conjunction with memory T and B cells. Memory B cells are a critical reservoir for plasma cell generation in the secondary response. Identification of memory B cells requires that they be distinguished from naïve, activated, and germinal center precursors and from plasma cells. Memory B cells are heterogeneous in isotype usage, immunoglobulin mutational content, and phenotypic marker expression. Phenotypic subsets of memory B cells are defined by PD‐L2, CD80, and CD73 expression in mice, by CD27 and FCRL4 expression in humans and by T‐bet in both mice and humans. These subsets display marked functional heterogeneity, including the ability to rapidly differentiate into plasma cells versus seed germinal centers in the secondary response. Memory B cells are located in the spleen, blood, other lymphoid organs, and barrier tissues, and recent evidence indicates that some memory B cells may be dedicated tissue‐resident populations. Open questions about memory B cell longevity, renewal and progenitor‐successor relationships with plasma cells are discussed.
Bibliography:Funding information
This article is part of a series of reviews covering To build a plasma cell: Integrating gene regulatory networks with function appearing in Volume 303 of Immunological Reviews.
NIH/NIAID R011AI122448 (Tomayko).
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ISSN:0105-2896
1600-065X
1600-065X
DOI:10.1111/imr.13016