Bacterial community dynamics during ensiling of perennial ryegrass at two compaction levels monitored by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism

Aims The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of compaction and air infiltration on the bacterial community structure during the fermentation process and the aerobic exposure phase of grass silage. Methods and Results Perennial ryegrass was ensiled at laboratory scale in a high‐densi...

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Vydané v:Journal of applied microbiology Ročník 120; číslo 6; s. 1479 - 1491
Hlavní autori: Graf, K., Ulrich, A., Idler, C., Klocke, M.
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:English
Vydavateľské údaje: England Oxford University Press 01.06.2016
Predmet:
16S rRNA gene
aerobic stability
Aerobiosis
air
Bacillus
Bacteria - genetics
Bacteria - isolation & purification
Bacteria - metabolism
bacterial communities
bacterial community
Bacteriology
Chemical analysis
Cloning
Community structure
Compaction
Feeds
Fermentation
genes
Grass silage
Grasses
Lactobacillus
Lactobacillus - genetics
Lolium - microbiology
Lolium perenne
Microbiology
Polymorphism
Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length
restriction fragment length polymorphism
ribosomal RNA
RNA, Bacterial - genetics
RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics
Silage - microbiology
silage compaction
silage making
spoilage
temperature
terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism
aerobic stability
silage compaction
bacterial community
grass silage
terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism
16S rRNA gene
ISSN:1364-5072, 1365-2672
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Shrnutí:Aims The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of compaction and air infiltration on the bacterial community structure during the fermentation process and the aerobic exposure phase of grass silage. Methods and Results Perennial ryegrass was ensiled at laboratory scale in a high‐density (HD) and low‐density (LD) compaction variant. Silages were exposed to air, and degradation was monitored by analysing temperature changes within the silage. Fermentation dynamics were examined using chemical analysis and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (TRFLP) analysis of the 16S rRNA gene supported by cloning and sequencing of representative samples. Dominant Lactobacillus species in HD silages remained largely unchanged during aerobic exposure. LD silages revealed fundamental changes in the bacterial community structure when exposed to air. After 4 days aerobic storage, only 23% of the primary silage community remained and mainly opportunistic Bacillus species proliferated. Conclusion The ensiling of ryegrass is a very dynamic microbial process. Aerobic spoilage was limited to the LD silages, marked by a complete change towards a Bacillus‐dominated community. Significance and Impact of the Study The TRFLP analysis supported by the identification of terminal restriction fragments, revealed novel insights into the dynamics of the bacterial community during ensiling, and at aerobic spoilage conditions.
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ISSN:1364-5072
1365-2672
DOI:10.1111/jam.13114