An amended low-cost indirect MPPT strategy with a PID controller for boosting PV system efficiency
•This paper introduces an enhanced MPPT approach (IMP-IC) with a dynamic step-size adjustment mechanism for improved efficiency.•Employs current perturbation instead of the conventional voltage-based method, significantly boosting tracking performance.•Features low complexity, enabling easy implemen...
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| Vydáno v: | Results in engineering Ročník 24; s. 103526 |
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| Hlavní autoři: | , , , |
| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
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Elsevier B.V
01.12.2024
Elsevier |
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| ISSN: | 2590-1230, 2590-1230 |
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| Abstract | •This paper introduces an enhanced MPPT approach (IMP-IC) with a dynamic step-size adjustment mechanism for improved efficiency.•Employs current perturbation instead of the conventional voltage-based method, significantly boosting tracking performance.•Features low complexity, enabling easy implementation on a cost-effective Arduino Uno board.•Integrates a Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller through optimized C++ code, streamlining the system by eliminating the need for separate PID blocks.•Delivers exceptional static and dynamic tracking efficiencies of 99.40 % and 99.88 %, respectively.•Exhibits superior tracking performance with notably reduced power losses and fluctuations compared to IC, ZV, FL, and NAS-INC techniques.•Provides a highly efficient, cost-effective MPPT solution for photovoltaic systems.
Operating a photovoltaic (PV) array at its optimum power point (MPP) despite fluctuating weather conditions is challenging. However, tracking this point enhances system efficiency and energy yields. Various maximum power point tracker (MPPT) techniques have been developed, differing in convergence speed, tracking efficiency, and implementation complexity. The Incremental Conductance (IC) strategy is popular due to its simplicity and reliability, but its fixed perturbation step size results in low tracking efficiency, MPP fluctuation, high power loss, and poor performance. This study proposes an improved IC (IMP-IC) method using indirect control based on a PID controller with an adjustable step size. The IMP-IC approach is simple, cost-effective, and implementable using a low-cost ATmega328 microcontroller on the Arduino Uno board.
Simulations in the Proteus environment compared its performance to other MPPT techniques like conventional IC, zone voltage (ZV), fuzzy logic (FL), and novel adjustable step InC (NAS-INC). Results under various weather conditions, including rapid changes and EN50530 testing standards, indicate the IMP-IC approach outperforms existing methods. Specifically, it achieved an average tracking time of 0.12 seconds and tracking efficiencies of 99.40 % (static) and 99.88 % (dynamic). The IMP-IC method showed negligible power losses and fluctuations, a quick convergence speed and significantly lower implementation complexity. These attributes position the IMP-IC method as an effective solution for enhancing the reliability and performance of PV systems. |
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| AbstractList | Operating a photovoltaic (PV) array at its optimum power point (MPP) despite fluctuating weather conditions is challenging. However, tracking this point enhances system efficiency and energy yields. Various maximum power point tracker (MPPT) techniques have been developed, differing in convergence speed, tracking efficiency, and implementation complexity. The Incremental Conductance (IC) strategy is popular due to its simplicity and reliability, but its fixed perturbation step size results in low tracking efficiency, MPP fluctuation, high power loss, and poor performance. This study proposes an improved IC (IMP-IC) method using indirect control based on a PID controller with an adjustable step size. The IMP-IC approach is simple, cost-effective, and implementable using a low-cost ATmega328 microcontroller on the Arduino Uno board.Simulations in the Proteus environment compared its performance to other MPPT techniques like conventional IC, zone voltage (ZV), fuzzy logic (FL), and novel adjustable step InC (NAS-INC). Results under various weather conditions, including rapid changes and EN50530 testing standards, indicate the IMP-IC approach outperforms existing methods. Specifically, it achieved an average tracking time of 0.12 seconds and tracking efficiencies of 99.40 % (static) and 99.88 % (dynamic). The IMP-IC method showed negligible power losses and fluctuations, a quick convergence speed and significantly lower implementation complexity. These attributes position the IMP-IC method as an effective solution for enhancing the reliability and performance of PV systems. •This paper introduces an enhanced MPPT approach (IMP-IC) with a dynamic step-size adjustment mechanism for improved efficiency.•Employs current perturbation instead of the conventional voltage-based method, significantly boosting tracking performance.•Features low complexity, enabling easy implementation on a cost-effective Arduino Uno board.•Integrates a Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller through optimized C++ code, streamlining the system by eliminating the need for separate PID blocks.•Delivers exceptional static and dynamic tracking efficiencies of 99.40 % and 99.88 %, respectively.•Exhibits superior tracking performance with notably reduced power losses and fluctuations compared to IC, ZV, FL, and NAS-INC techniques.•Provides a highly efficient, cost-effective MPPT solution for photovoltaic systems. Operating a photovoltaic (PV) array at its optimum power point (MPP) despite fluctuating weather conditions is challenging. However, tracking this point enhances system efficiency and energy yields. Various maximum power point tracker (MPPT) techniques have been developed, differing in convergence speed, tracking efficiency, and implementation complexity. The Incremental Conductance (IC) strategy is popular due to its simplicity and reliability, but its fixed perturbation step size results in low tracking efficiency, MPP fluctuation, high power loss, and poor performance. This study proposes an improved IC (IMP-IC) method using indirect control based on a PID controller with an adjustable step size. The IMP-IC approach is simple, cost-effective, and implementable using a low-cost ATmega328 microcontroller on the Arduino Uno board. Simulations in the Proteus environment compared its performance to other MPPT techniques like conventional IC, zone voltage (ZV), fuzzy logic (FL), and novel adjustable step InC (NAS-INC). Results under various weather conditions, including rapid changes and EN50530 testing standards, indicate the IMP-IC approach outperforms existing methods. Specifically, it achieved an average tracking time of 0.12 seconds and tracking efficiencies of 99.40 % (static) and 99.88 % (dynamic). The IMP-IC method showed negligible power losses and fluctuations, a quick convergence speed and significantly lower implementation complexity. These attributes position the IMP-IC method as an effective solution for enhancing the reliability and performance of PV systems. |
| ArticleNumber | 103526 |
| Author | Marghichi, Mouncef El Bouabdalli, El Mahdi Chellakhi, Abdelkhalek El Beid, Said |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Abdelkhalek orcidid: 0000-0002-4773-1287 surname: Chellakhi fullname: Chellakhi, Abdelkhalek email: chellakhi.a@ucd.ac.ma organization: Computer Science, Signal, Automation, and Cognitivism Laboratory, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, Morocco – sequence: 2 givenname: Said surname: El Beid fullname: El Beid, Said organization: CISIEV Team, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech 40160, Morocco – sequence: 3 givenname: Mouncef El surname: Marghichi fullname: Marghichi, Mouncef El organization: Intelligent Systems Design Laboratory (ISDL), Faculty of Science, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan 93000, Morocco – sequence: 4 givenname: El Mahdi surname: Bouabdalli fullname: Bouabdalli, El Mahdi organization: Laboratory of Engineering Sciences for Energy (LabSIPE), National School of Applied Sciences of El Jadida, Chouaib Doukkali University, El Jadida 24000, Morocco |
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| Keywords | Adaptable step size AT Mega328 Microcontroller of Arduino Uno board Proteus software Improved Increment of conductance (IMP-IC) MPPT Drift avoidance Photovoltaic system |
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| Title | An amended low-cost indirect MPPT strategy with a PID controller for boosting PV system efficiency |
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