Lockdown-Related Disparities Experienced by People with Disabilities during the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Scoping Review with Thematic Analysis

People with disabilities may be disproportionally affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. We synthesize the literature on broader health and social impacts on people with disabilities arising from lockdown-related measures. Methods: Scoping review with thematic analysis. Up to mid-September 2020, seven s...

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Veröffentlicht in:International journal of environmental research and public health Jg. 18; H. 12; S. 6178
Hauptverfasser: Jesus, Tiago, Bhattacharjya, Sutanuka, Papadimitriou, Christina, Bogdanova, Yelena, Bentley, Jacob, Arango-Lasprilla, Juan, Kamalakannan, Sureshkumar
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: Switzerland MDPI AG 08.06.2021
MDPI
Schlagworte:
Caregivers
Child
Children with disabilities
Communicable Disease Control
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
Health disparities
Humans
Information sources
Long term health care
Pandemics
Participation
People with disabilities
Persons with Disabilities
Public health
Restrictions
Review
SARS-CoV-2
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Shelter in place
COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
social determinants of health
stigma
health equity
discrimination
healthcare disparities
social inclusion
public health
people with disabilities
ISSN:1660-4601, 1661-7827, 1660-4601
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Zusammenfassung:People with disabilities may be disproportionally affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. We synthesize the literature on broader health and social impacts on people with disabilities arising from lockdown-related measures. Methods: Scoping review with thematic analysis. Up to mid-September 2020, seven scientific databases and three pre-print servers were searched to identify empirical or perspective papers addressing lockdown-related disparities experienced by people with disabilities. Snowballing searches and experts’ consultation also occurred. Two independent reviewers took eligibility decisions and performed data extractions. Results: Out of 1026 unique references, 85 addressed lockdown-related disparities experienced by people with disabilities. Ten primary and two central themes were identified: (1) Disrupted access to healthcare (other than for COVID-19); (2) Reduced physical activity leading to health and functional decline; (3) From physical distance and inactivity to social isolation and loneliness; (4) Disruption of personal assistance and community support networks; (5) Children with disabilities disproportionally affected by school closures; (6) Psychological consequences of disrupted routines, activities, and support; (7) Family and informal caregiver burden and stress; (8) Risks of maltreatment, violence, and self-harm; (9) Reduced employment and/or income exacerbating disparities; and (10) Digital divide in access to health, education, and support services. Lack of disability-inclusive response and emergency preparedness and structural, pre-pandemic disparities were the central themes. Conclusions: Lockdown-related measures to contain the COVID-19 pandemic can disproportionally affect people with disabilities with broader impact on their health and social grounds. Lack of disability-inclusive response and emergency preparedness and pre-pandemic disparities created structural disadvantages, exacerbated during the pandemic. Both structural disparities and their pandemic ramifications require the development and implementation of disability-inclusive public health and policy measures.
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Membership of the Refugee Empowerment Task Force, International Networking Group of the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine is provided in the Author Contributions.
ISSN:1660-4601
1661-7827
1660-4601
DOI:10.3390/ijerph18126178