A Systematic Review of the Effect of Rotavirus Vaccination on Diarrhea Outcomes Among Children Younger Than 5 Years
Rotavirus is the leading cause of vaccine-preventable diarrhea among children under 5 globally. Rotavirus vaccination has been shown to prevent severe rotavirus infections with varying efficacy and effectiveness by region. We sought to generate updated region-specific estimates of rotavirus vaccine...
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| Vydáno v: | The Pediatric infectious disease journal Ročník 35; číslo 9; s. 992 |
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| Hlavní autoři: | , , , |
| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
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United States
01.09.2016
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| ISSN: | 1532-0987, 1532-0987 |
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| Abstract | Rotavirus is the leading cause of vaccine-preventable diarrhea among children under 5 globally. Rotavirus vaccination has been shown to prevent severe rotavirus infections with varying efficacy and effectiveness by region.
We sought to generate updated region-specific estimates of rotavirus vaccine efficacy and effectiveness. We systematically reviewed published vaccine efficacy and effectiveness studies to assess the region-specific effect of rotavirus vaccination on select diarrheal morbidity and mortality outcomes in children under 5 years of age. We employed meta-analytic methods to generate pooled effect sizes by Millennium Development Goal region.
Rotavirus vaccination was both efficacious and effective in preventing rotavirus diarrhea, severe rotavirus diarrhea and rotavirus hospitalizations among children under 5 across all regions represented by the 48 included studies. Efficacy against severe rotavirus diarrhea ranged from 90.6% [95% confidence interval (CI): 82.3-95.0] in the developed region to 88.4% (95% CI: 67.1-95.9) in Eastern/Southeastern Asia, 79.6% (95% CI: 71.3-85.5) in Latin America and the Caribbean, 50.0% (95% CI: 34.4-61.9) in Southern Asia and 46.1% (95% CI: 29.1-59.1) in sub-Saharan Africa. Region-specific effectiveness followed a similar pattern. There was also evidence of vaccine efficacy against severe diarrhea and diarrheal hospitalizations.
Our findings confirm the protective efficacy and effectiveness of rotavirus vaccination against rotavirus diarrheal outcomes among children under 5 globally. |
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| AbstractList | Rotavirus is the leading cause of vaccine-preventable diarrhea among children under 5 globally. Rotavirus vaccination has been shown to prevent severe rotavirus infections with varying efficacy and effectiveness by region.BACKGROUNDRotavirus is the leading cause of vaccine-preventable diarrhea among children under 5 globally. Rotavirus vaccination has been shown to prevent severe rotavirus infections with varying efficacy and effectiveness by region.We sought to generate updated region-specific estimates of rotavirus vaccine efficacy and effectiveness. We systematically reviewed published vaccine efficacy and effectiveness studies to assess the region-specific effect of rotavirus vaccination on select diarrheal morbidity and mortality outcomes in children under 5 years of age. We employed meta-analytic methods to generate pooled effect sizes by Millennium Development Goal region.METHODSWe sought to generate updated region-specific estimates of rotavirus vaccine efficacy and effectiveness. We systematically reviewed published vaccine efficacy and effectiveness studies to assess the region-specific effect of rotavirus vaccination on select diarrheal morbidity and mortality outcomes in children under 5 years of age. We employed meta-analytic methods to generate pooled effect sizes by Millennium Development Goal region.Rotavirus vaccination was both efficacious and effective in preventing rotavirus diarrhea, severe rotavirus diarrhea and rotavirus hospitalizations among children under 5 across all regions represented by the 48 included studies. Efficacy against severe rotavirus diarrhea ranged from 90.6% [95% confidence interval (CI): 82.3-95.0] in the developed region to 88.4% (95% CI: 67.1-95.9) in Eastern/Southeastern Asia, 79.6% (95% CI: 71.3-85.5) in Latin America and the Caribbean, 50.0% (95% CI: 34.4-61.9) in Southern Asia and 46.1% (95% CI: 29.1-59.1) in sub-Saharan Africa. Region-specific effectiveness followed a similar pattern. There was also evidence of vaccine efficacy against severe diarrhea and diarrheal hospitalizations.RESULTSRotavirus vaccination was both efficacious and effective in preventing rotavirus diarrhea, severe rotavirus diarrhea and rotavirus hospitalizations among children under 5 across all regions represented by the 48 included studies. Efficacy against severe rotavirus diarrhea ranged from 90.6% [95% confidence interval (CI): 82.3-95.0] in the developed region to 88.4% (95% CI: 67.1-95.9) in Eastern/Southeastern Asia, 79.6% (95% CI: 71.3-85.5) in Latin America and the Caribbean, 50.0% (95% CI: 34.4-61.9) in Southern Asia and 46.1% (95% CI: 29.1-59.1) in sub-Saharan Africa. Region-specific effectiveness followed a similar pattern. There was also evidence of vaccine efficacy against severe diarrhea and diarrheal hospitalizations.Our findings confirm the protective efficacy and effectiveness of rotavirus vaccination against rotavirus diarrheal outcomes among children under 5 globally.CONCLUSIONOur findings confirm the protective efficacy and effectiveness of rotavirus vaccination against rotavirus diarrheal outcomes among children under 5 globally. Rotavirus is the leading cause of vaccine-preventable diarrhea among children under 5 globally. Rotavirus vaccination has been shown to prevent severe rotavirus infections with varying efficacy and effectiveness by region. We sought to generate updated region-specific estimates of rotavirus vaccine efficacy and effectiveness. We systematically reviewed published vaccine efficacy and effectiveness studies to assess the region-specific effect of rotavirus vaccination on select diarrheal morbidity and mortality outcomes in children under 5 years of age. We employed meta-analytic methods to generate pooled effect sizes by Millennium Development Goal region. Rotavirus vaccination was both efficacious and effective in preventing rotavirus diarrhea, severe rotavirus diarrhea and rotavirus hospitalizations among children under 5 across all regions represented by the 48 included studies. Efficacy against severe rotavirus diarrhea ranged from 90.6% [95% confidence interval (CI): 82.3-95.0] in the developed region to 88.4% (95% CI: 67.1-95.9) in Eastern/Southeastern Asia, 79.6% (95% CI: 71.3-85.5) in Latin America and the Caribbean, 50.0% (95% CI: 34.4-61.9) in Southern Asia and 46.1% (95% CI: 29.1-59.1) in sub-Saharan Africa. Region-specific effectiveness followed a similar pattern. There was also evidence of vaccine efficacy against severe diarrhea and diarrheal hospitalizations. Our findings confirm the protective efficacy and effectiveness of rotavirus vaccination against rotavirus diarrheal outcomes among children under 5 globally. |
| Author | Black, Robert E Ashraf, Sania Walker, Christa L Fischer Lamberti, Laura M |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Laura M surname: Lamberti fullname: Lamberti, Laura M organization: From the Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland – sequence: 2 givenname: Sania surname: Ashraf fullname: Ashraf, Sania – sequence: 3 givenname: Christa L Fischer surname: Walker fullname: Walker, Christa L Fischer – sequence: 4 givenname: Robert E surname: Black fullname: Black, Robert E |
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| SubjectTerms | Africa South of the Sahara - epidemiology Asia - epidemiology Child, Preschool Developing Countries Diarrhea - epidemiology Diarrhea - mortality Diarrhea - prevention & control Diarrhea - virology Humans Infant Infant, Newborn Latin America - epidemiology Rotavirus Rotavirus Infections - epidemiology Rotavirus Infections - mortality Rotavirus Infections - prevention & control Rotavirus Infections - virology Rotavirus Vaccines Vaccination - statistics & numerical data |
| Title | A Systematic Review of the Effect of Rotavirus Vaccination on Diarrhea Outcomes Among Children Younger Than 5 Years |
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