Evaluating high level parallel programming support for irregular applications in ICC++
Object‐oriented techniques have been proffered as aids for managing complexity, enhancing reuse, and improving readability of irregular parallel applications. However, as performance is the major reason for employing parallelism, programmability and high performance must be delivered together. Using...
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| Vydané v: | Software, practice & experience Ročník 28; číslo 11; s. 1213 - 1243 |
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| Hlavní autori: | , , , , |
| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | English |
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John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
01.09.1998
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| ISSN: | 0038-0644, 1097-024X |
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| Abstract | Object‐oriented techniques have been proffered as aids for managing complexity, enhancing reuse, and improving readability of irregular parallel applications. However, as performance is the major reason for employing parallelism, programmability and high performance must be delivered together. Using a suite of seven challenging irregular applications and the mature Illinois Concert system (a high‐level concurrent object‐oriented programming model) and an aggressive implementation (whole program compilation plus microsecond threading and communication primitives in the runtime), we evaluate what programming efforts are required to achieve high performance. For all seven applications, we achieve performance comparable to the best achievable via low‐level programming means on large‐scale parallel systems. In general, a high‐level concurrent object‐oriented programming model supported by aggressive implementation techniques can eliminate programmer management of many concerns – procedure and computation granularity, namespace management, and low‐level concurrency management. Our study indicates that these concerns are fully automated for these applications. Decoupling these concerns makes managing the remaining fundamental concerns – data locality and load balance – much easier. In several cases, data locality and load balance for the complex algorithm and pointer data structures is automatically managed by the compiler and runtime, but in general programmer intervention was required. In a few cases, more detailed control is required, specifically explicit task priority, data consistency, and task placement. Our system integrates the expression of such information cleanly into the programming interface. Finally, only small changes to the sequential code were required to express concurrency and performance optimizations, less than 5 per cent of the source code lines were changed in all cases. This bodes well for supporting both sequential and parallel performance in a single code base. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. |
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| AbstractList | Object‐oriented techniques have been proffered as aids for managing complexity, enhancing reuse, and improving readability of irregular parallel applications. However, as performance is the major reason for employing parallelism, programmability and high performance must be delivered together. Using a suite of seven challenging irregular applications and the mature Illinois Concert system (a high‐level concurrent object‐oriented programming model) and an aggressive implementation (whole program compilation plus microsecond threading and communication primitives in the runtime), we evaluate what programming efforts are required to achieve high performance. For all seven applications, we achieve performance comparable to the best achievable via low‐level programming means on large‐scale parallel systems. In general, a high‐level concurrent object‐oriented programming model supported by aggressive implementation techniques can eliminate programmer management of many concerns – procedure and computation granularity, namespace management, and low‐level concurrency management. Our study indicates that these concerns are fully automated for these applications. Decoupling these concerns makes managing the remaining fundamental concerns – data locality and load balance – much easier. In several cases, data locality and load balance for the complex algorithm and pointer data structures is automatically managed by the compiler and runtime, but in general programmer intervention was required. In a few cases, more detailed control is required, specifically explicit task priority, data consistency, and task placement. Our system integrates the expression of such information cleanly into the programming interface. Finally, only small changes to the sequential code were required to express concurrency and performance optimizations, less than 5 per cent of the source code lines were changed in all cases. This bodes well for supporting both sequential and parallel performance in a single code base. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Object-oriented techniques have been proffered as aids for managing complexity, enhancing reuse, and improving readability of irregular parallel applications. However, as performance is the major reason for employing parallelism, programmability and high performance must be delivered together. Using a suite of 7 challenging irregular applications and the mature Illinois Concert system (a high-level concurrent object-oriented programming tool) and an aggressive implementation (whole program compilation plus microsecond threading and communication primitives in the runtime), the paper evaluates what programming efforts are required to achieve high performance. (Original abstract - amended) Object-oriented techniques have been proffered as aids for managing complexity, enhancing reuse, and improving readability of irregular parallel applications. However, as performance is the major reason for employing parallelism, programmability and high performance must be delivered together. Using a suite of seven challenging irregular applications and the mature Illinois Concert system (a high-level concurrent object-oriented programming model) and an aggressive implementation (whole program compilation plus microsecond threading and communication primitives in the runtime), we evaluate what programming efforts are required to achieve high performance. For all seven applications, we achieve performance comparable to the best achievable via low-level programming means on large-scale parallel systems. In general, a high-level concurrent object-oriented programming model supported by aggressive implementation techniques can eliminate programmer management of many concerns - procedure and computation granularity, namespace management, and low-level concurrency management. Our study indicates that these concerns are fully automated for these applications. Decoupling these concerns makes managing the remaining fundamental concerns - data locality and load balance - much easier. In several cases, data locality and load balance for the complex algorithm and pointer data structures is automatically managed by the compiler and runtime, but in general programmer intervention was required. In a few cases, more detailed control is required, specifically explicit task priority, data consistency, and task placement. Our system integrates the expression of such information cleanly into the programming interface. Finally, only small changes to the sequential code were required to express concurrency and performance optimizations, less than 5 per cent of the source code lines were changed in all cases. This bodes well for supporting both sequential and parallel performance in a single code base. |
| Author | Karamcheti, Vijay Zhang, Xingbin Dolby, Julian Chien, Andrew A. Gangul, Bishwaroop |
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| References_xml | – reference: A. Grimshaw, 'Easy-to-use object-oriented parallel processing with Mentat', IEEE Computer, 5(26), 39-51 (May 1993). – reference: M. Snir, S. Otto, S. Huss-Lederman, D. Walker and J. Dongarra, MPI: The Complete Reference, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1995. – reference: A. Yonezawa (ed.), ABCL: An Object-Oriented Concurrent System, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1990. – reference: G. V. Wilson and P. Lu (eds.), Parallel Programming Using C++, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1995. – reference: K. Mani Chandy and C. Kesselman, 'Compositional C++: Compositional parallel programming', Proceedings of the Fifth Workshop on Compilers and Languages for Parallel Computing, pp. 114-123, New Haven, CT, 1992. (YALEU/DCS/RR-915, Springer-Verlag Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 1993). – reference: P. Hanrahan, D. Salzman and L. Aupperle, 'A rapid hierarchical radiosity algorithm', Computer Graphics (Proc SIGGRAPH), 25(4), 197-206 (July 1991). – reference: Y.-S. Hwang, R. Das, J. Saltz, B. Brooks and M. Hodošček, 'Parallelizing molecular dynamics programs for distributed memory machines', IEEE Computational Science and Engineering, 2(2), 18-29 (Summer 1995). – reference: S. Chatterjee, 'Compiling nested data parallel programs for shared memory multiprocessors', ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems, 15(3) (1993). – reference: J. Lee and D. Gannon, 'Object oriented parallel programming', Proceedings of the ACM/IEEE Conference on Supercomputing, IEEE Press, 1991. – reference: L. Greengard, Fast Algorithms for Classical Physics, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1988. – reference: V. Karamcheti, J. Plevyak and A. A. Chien, 'Runtime mechanisms for efficient dynamic multithreading', Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing, 37(1), 21-40 (1996). – reference: M. J. Berger and J. Oliger, 'Adaptive mesh refinement for hyperbolic partial differential equations', Journal of Computational Physics, 53, 484-512 (1984). – reference: J. P. Singh, A. Gupta and M. Levoy, 'Parallel visualization algorithms: Performance and architectural implications', IEEE Computer, 27(7), 45-56 (July 1994). – reference: A. A. Chien, W. Feng, V. Karamcheti and J. Plevyak, 'Techniques for efficient execution of fine-grained concurrent programs', Proceedings of the Fifth Workshop on Compilers and Languages for Parallel Computing, pp. 103-113, New Haven, CT, 1992 (YALEU/DCS/RR-915, Springer-Verlag Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 1993). – start-page: 103 year: 1993 end-page: 113 – volume: 27 start-page: 45 issue: 7 year: 1994 end-page: 56 article-title: Parallel visualization algorithms: Performance and architectural implications publication-title: IEEE Computer – start-page: 129 year: 1993 end-page: 138 – start-page: 114 year: 1993 end-page: 123 – volume: 5 start-page: 39 issue: 26 year: 1993 end-page: 51 article-title: Easy‐to‐use object–oriented parallel processing with Mentat publication-title: IEEE Computer – start-page: 566 year: 1995 end-page: 580 – start-page: 7 year: 1997 end-page: 17 – start-page: 37 year: 1993 end-page: 56 – year: 1996 – start-page: 1 year: 1994 end-page: 20 – volume: 25 start-page: 197 issue: 4 year: 1991 end-page: 206 article-title: A rapid hierarchical radiosity algorithm publication-title: Computer Graphics (Proc SIGGRAPH) – volume: 15 issue: 3 year: 1993 article-title: Compiling nested data parallel programs for shared memory multiprocessors publication-title: ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems – start-page: 311 year: 1995 end-page: 321 – year: 1990 – start-page: 184 year: 1985 end-page: 232 – start-page: 54 year: 1993 end-page: 65 – year: 1994 – start-page: 111 year: 1995 end-page: 120 – start-page: 169 year: 1993 end-page: 179 – year: 1986 – volume: 2 start-page: 18 issue: 2 year: 1995 end-page: 29 article-title: Parallelizing molecular dynamics programs for distributed memory machines publication-title: IEEE Computational Science and Engineering – year: 1984 – start-page: 12 year: 1993 end-page: 21 – start-page: 408 year: 1994 end-page: 418 – start-page: 24 year: 1995 end-page: 36 – year: 1988 – start-page: 17 year: 1990 end-page: 25 – start-page: 324 year: 1994 end-page: 340 – year: 1997 – start-page: 101 year: 1994 end-page: 114 – year: 1995 – start-page: 235 year: 1996 end-page: 240 – volume: 53 start-page: 484 year: 1984 end-page: 512 article-title: Adaptive mesh refinement for hyperbolic partial differential equations publication-title: Journal of Computational Physics – year: 1991 – volume: 37 start-page: 21 issue: 1 year: 1996 end-page: 40 article-title: Runtime mechanisms for efficient dynamic multithreading publication-title: Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing – start-page: 483 year: 1997 end-page: 489 – start-page: 37 year: 1997 end-page: 47 – year: 1993 |
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| Title | Evaluating high level parallel programming support for irregular applications in ICC++ |
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