Cardiovascular Disease in Chronic Kidney Disease: Pathophysiological Insights and Therapeutic Options

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) exhibit an elevated cardiovascular risk manifesting as coronary artery disease, heart failure, arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death. Although the incidence and prevalence of cardiovascular events is already significantly higher in patients with early CKD s...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Circulation (New York, N.Y.) Vol. 143; no. 11; p. 1157
Main Authors: Jankowski, Joachim, Floege, Jürgen, Fliser, Danilo, Böhm, Michael, Marx, Nikolaus
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States 16.03.2021
Subjects:
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Cardiovascular Diseases - physiopathology
Female
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - physiopathology
Risk Factors
cardiovascular disease
heart failure
chronic kidney disease
arrhythmias
death
clinical aspects
sudden cardiac
ISSN:1524-4539, 1524-4539
Online Access:Get more information
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Summary:Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) exhibit an elevated cardiovascular risk manifesting as coronary artery disease, heart failure, arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death. Although the incidence and prevalence of cardiovascular events is already significantly higher in patients with early CKD stages (CKD stages 1-3) compared with the general population, patients with advanced CKD stages (CKD stages 4-5) exhibit a markedly elevated risk. Cardiovascular rather than end-stage kidney disease (CKD stage 5) is the leading cause of death in this high-risk population. CKD causes a systemic, chronic proinflammatory state contributing to vascular and myocardial remodeling processes resulting in atherosclerotic lesions, vascular calcification, and vascular senescence as well as myocardial fibrosis and calcification of cardiac valves. In this respect, CKD mimics an accelerated aging of the cardiovascular system. This overview article summarizes the current understanding and clinical consequences of cardiovascular disease in CKD.
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ISSN:1524-4539
1524-4539
DOI:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.050686