A wireless optogenetic setup in freely moving mice for evaluation of cortical spreading depolarization in a chronic disease model

Spreading depolarization (SD) is an electrophysiological phenomenon of massive neuronal depolarization that occurs in a multitude of brain injuries. Clinical studies and experimental data have linked the occurrence of SDs with secondary brain damage. However, there is a translational gap because of...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of neuroscience methods Vol. 415; p. 110364
Main Authors: Köhne, Annika, Helgers, Simeon O.A., Kewitz, Bettina, Haupt, Rieke M., Oppermann, Viktoria, Meinert, Franziska, Sánchez-Porras, Renan, Said, Maryam, Woitzik, Johannes, Dömer, Patrick
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.03.2025
Subjects:
Animals
Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion
Chronic Disease
Cortical Spreading Depression - physiology
Disease Models, Animal
Internal carotid artery occlusion
Male
Mice
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Mice, Transgenic
Minimal invasive
Neurons - physiology
Optogenetic implant
Optogenetics - instrumentation
Optogenetics - methods
Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos - metabolism
Spreading depression
Stroke
Wireless optogenetics
Wireless Technology - instrumentation
Stroke
Optogenetic implant
Internal carotid artery occlusion
Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion
Minimal invasive
Spreading depression
Wireless optogenetics
ISSN:0165-0270, 1872-678X, 1872-678X
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Spreading depolarization (SD) is an electrophysiological phenomenon of massive neuronal depolarization that occurs in a multitude of brain injuries. Clinical studies and experimental data have linked the occurrence of SDs with secondary brain damage. However, there is a translational gap because of methodological limitations between clinical and experimental approaches focusing on short-term effects. Moreover, usage of highly invasive SD triggers has put into question to what extent SDs themselves or the induction method had caused emergence of tissue damage. To overcome this gap, we here show the successful realization of an experimental approach for long-term SD induction in a wireless setup of minimal invasive optogenetic stimulation in freely behaving mice. The proposed method allows for reliable SD induction over the course of three weeks. SD characteristics induced with the wireless setup were comparable to SDs elicited by KCl or cable-bound optogenetic systems. Immunohistological analysis of c-Fos expression revealed neuronal depolarization across the stimulated hemisphere, whereas TUNEL staining revealed no stimulation related apoptosis. Optogenetic SD induction so far relied on cable- or fiber-bound systems which restrict experimental possibilities. The proposed model relies on wireless stimulation that allows SD induction in the home cage. In contrast to existing systems, the wireless setup also allows cage enrichment and group housing, therefore allowing behavioral analyses. This experimental setup has excellent potential to investigate the question of possible long-term SD effects in mouse models of different acute pathologies like traumatic brain injury or migraine. •Realization of a wireless optogenetic setup for spreading depolarization induction.•Wireless approach allows long-term experiments in freely moving mice.•Optogenetic induction method is minimally invasive, as proven by apoptosis marker.•Setup has potential to be used in various mouse models of acute brain pathologies.•Study of late spreading depolarizations closes translational gap to clinical data.
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ISSN:0165-0270
1872-678X
1872-678X
DOI:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2025.110364