RIS-Aided Joint Localization and Synchronization With a Single-Antenna Receiver: Beamforming Design and Low-Complexity Estimation

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) have attracted enormous interest thanks to their ability to overcome line-of-sight blockages in mmWave systems, enabling in turn accurate localization with minimal infrastructure. Less investigated are however the benefits of exploiting RIS with suitably de...

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Veröffentlicht in:IEEE journal of selected topics in signal processing Jg. 16; H. 5; S. 1141 - 1156
Hauptverfasser: Fascista, Alessio, Keskin, Musa Furkan, Coluccia, Angelo, Wymeersch, Henk, Seco-Granados, Gonzalo
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: New York IEEE 01.08.2022
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Schlagworte:
Antenna design
Antennas
Array signal processing
Beamforming
Clocks
Complexity
convex optimization
Design optimization
Localization
Location awareness
Maximum likelihood estimation
Millimeter waves
mmWave
Noise propagation
Numerical analysis
Optimization
phase profile design
Position errors
Precoding
Receivers & amplifiers
Reconfigurable intelligent surface
Robust design
Signal to noise ratio
Synchronism
Synchronization
ISSN:1932-4553, 1941-0484, 1941-0484
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Zusammenfassung:Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) have attracted enormous interest thanks to their ability to overcome line-of-sight blockages in mmWave systems, enabling in turn accurate localization with minimal infrastructure. Less investigated are however the benefits of exploiting RIS with suitably designed beamforming strategies for optimized localization and synchronization performance. In this paper, a novel low-complexity method for joint localization and synchronization based on an optimized design of the base station (BS) active precoding and RIS passive phase profiles is proposed, for the challenging case of a single-antenna receiver. The theoretical position error bound is first derived and used as metric to jointly optimize the BS-RIS beamforming, assuming a priori knowledge of the user position. By exploiting the low-dimensional structure of the solution, a novel codebook-based robust design strategy with optimized beam power allocation is then proposed, which provides low-complexity while taking into account the uncertainty on the user position. Finally, a reduced-complexity maximum-likelihood based estimation procedure is devised to jointly recover the user position and the synchronization offset. Extensive numerical analysis shows that the proposed joint BS-RIS beamforming scheme provides enhanced localization and synchronization performance compared to existing solutions, with the proposed estimator attaining the theoretical bounds even at low signal-to-noise-ratio and in the presence of additional uncontrollable multipath propagation.
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ISSN:1932-4553
1941-0484
1941-0484
DOI:10.1109/JSTSP.2022.3177925