Lipid droplets in the nervous system
Lipid droplets are dynamic intracellular lipid storage organelles that respond to the physiological state of cells. In addition to controlling cell metabolism, they play a protective role for many cellular stressors, including oxidative stress. Despite prior descriptions of lipid droplets appearing...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The Journal of cell biology Jg. 220; H. 7 |
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| Format: | Journal Article |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
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05.07.2021
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| ISSN: | 1540-8140, 1540-8140 |
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| Abstract | Lipid droplets are dynamic intracellular lipid storage organelles that respond to the physiological state of cells. In addition to controlling cell metabolism, they play a protective role for many cellular stressors, including oxidative stress. Despite prior descriptions of lipid droplets appearing in the brain as early as a century ago, only recently has the role of lipid droplets in cells found in the brain begun to be understood. Lipid droplet functions have now been described for cells of the nervous system in the context of development, aging, and an increasing number of neuropathologies. Here, we review the basic mechanisms of lipid droplet formation, turnover, and function and discuss how these mechanisms enable lipid droplets to function in different cell types of the nervous system under healthy and pathological conditions. |
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| AbstractList | Lipid droplets are dynamic intracellular lipid storage organelles that respond to the physiological state of cells. In addition to controlling cell metabolism, they play a protective role for many cellular stressors, including oxidative stress. Despite prior descriptions of lipid droplets appearing in the brain as early as a century ago, only recently has the role of lipid droplets in cells found in the brain begun to be understood. Lipid droplet functions have now been described for cells of the nervous system in the context of development, aging, and an increasing number of neuropathologies. Here, we review the basic mechanisms of lipid droplet formation, turnover, and function and discuss how these mechanisms enable lipid droplets to function in different cell types of the nervous system under healthy and pathological conditions.Lipid droplets are dynamic intracellular lipid storage organelles that respond to the physiological state of cells. In addition to controlling cell metabolism, they play a protective role for many cellular stressors, including oxidative stress. Despite prior descriptions of lipid droplets appearing in the brain as early as a century ago, only recently has the role of lipid droplets in cells found in the brain begun to be understood. Lipid droplet functions have now been described for cells of the nervous system in the context of development, aging, and an increasing number of neuropathologies. Here, we review the basic mechanisms of lipid droplet formation, turnover, and function and discuss how these mechanisms enable lipid droplets to function in different cell types of the nervous system under healthy and pathological conditions. Lipid droplets are dynamic intracellular lipid storage organelles that respond to the physiological state of cells. In addition to controlling cell metabolism, they play a protective role for many cellular stressors, including oxidative stress. Despite prior descriptions of lipid droplets appearing in the brain as early as a century ago, only recently has the role of lipid droplets in cells found in the brain begun to be understood. Lipid droplet functions have now been described for cells of the nervous system in the context of development, aging, and an increasing number of neuropathologies. Here, we review the basic mechanisms of lipid droplet formation, turnover, and function and discuss how these mechanisms enable lipid droplets to function in different cell types of the nervous system under healthy and pathological conditions. |
| Author | Lippincott-Schwartz, Jennifer Ioannou, Maria S Chang, Chi-Lun Ralhan, Isha |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Isha orcidid: 0000-0002-6890-2620 surname: Ralhan fullname: Ralhan, Isha organization: Group on Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada – sequence: 2 givenname: Chi-Lun orcidid: 0000-0003-0017-2243 surname: Chang fullname: Chang, Chi-Lun organization: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Janelia Research Campus, Ashburn, VA – sequence: 3 givenname: Jennifer orcidid: 0000-0002-8601-3501 surname: Lippincott-Schwartz fullname: Lippincott-Schwartz, Jennifer organization: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Janelia Research Campus, Ashburn, VA – sequence: 4 givenname: Maria S orcidid: 0000-0001-6252-8626 surname: Ioannou fullname: Ioannou, Maria S organization: Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34152362$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| SubjectTerms | Aging - genetics Aging - metabolism Animals Humans Lipid Droplets - metabolism Lipid Metabolism - genetics Nervous System - metabolism Oxidative Stress - genetics |
| Title | Lipid droplets in the nervous system |
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