Tuberculosis Meningitis

Purpose of Review As the most severe form of tuberculosis (TB), TB meningitis disproportionately affects developing countries and results in significant morbidity and mortality. In this report, we review recent updates in the epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of TB meningitis. Recent Findings...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Current infectious disease reports Vol. 19; no. 11; p. 39
Main Authors: Bourgi, Kassem, Fiske, Christina, Sterling, Timothy R.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: New York Springer US 01.11.2017
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:
Antiretroviral agents
Central Nervous System Infections (K Bloch
Developing countries
Disease detection
Disease management
Epidemiology
Infectious Diseases
LDCs
Medical diagnosis
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Meningitis
Nucleic acids
Section Editor
Topical Collection on Central Nervous System Infections
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis (TB)
Central nervous system (CNS)
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
ISSN:1523-3847, 1534-3146
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Abstract Purpose of Review As the most severe form of tuberculosis (TB), TB meningitis disproportionately affects developing countries and results in significant morbidity and mortality. In this report, we review recent updates in the epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of TB meningitis. Recent Findings Young children and people living with HIV continue to be at highest risk for TB meningitis. Early diagnosis remains challenging, especially since conventional diagnostic tests have sub-optimal sensitivity and specificity. Recently, nucleic acid amplification testing emerged as the preferred diagnostic modality due to its rapid turnaround time and high specificity. Summary Several recent studies have assessed the optimal treatment for TB meningitis. While the benefit of treatment intensification, by increasing rifampin dosing or adding a fluoroquinolone, is unclear, a growing body of evidence suggests that steroids confer a survival advantage, particularly in patients with mild disease. Additionally, TB meningitis management is further complicated by high rates of HIV co-infection. Recent data suggest that unlike other forms of TB, early initiation of antiretroviral therapy in patients with TB meningitis is associated with higher rates of adverse reactions, without improved survival. TB meningitis continues to be a significant problem worldwide. Despite recent advances, more studies are warranted to improve early disease detection and optimize therapy.
AbstractList As the most severe form of tuberculosis (TB), TB meningitis disproportionately affects developing countries and results in significant morbidity and mortality. In this report, we review recent updates in the epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of TB meningitis.PURPOSE OF REVIEWAs the most severe form of tuberculosis (TB), TB meningitis disproportionately affects developing countries and results in significant morbidity and mortality. In this report, we review recent updates in the epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of TB meningitis.Young children and people living with HIV continue to be at highest risk for TB meningitis. Early diagnosis remains challenging, especially since conventional diagnostic tests have sub-optimal sensitivity and specificity. Recently, nucleic acid amplification testing emerged as the preferred diagnostic modality due to its rapid turnaround time and high specificity. Several recent studies have assessed the optimal treatment for TB meningitis. While the benefit of treatment intensification, by increasing rifampin dosing or adding a fluoroquinolone, is unclear, a growing body of evidence suggests that steroids confer a survival advantage, particularly in patients with mild disease. Additionally, TB meningitis management is further complicated by high rates of HIV co-infection. Recent data suggest that unlike other forms of TB, early initiation of antiretroviral therapy in patients with TB meningitis is associated with higher rates of adverse reactions, without improved survival. TB meningitis continues to be a significant problem worldwide. Despite recent advances, more studies are warranted to improve early disease detection and optimize therapy.RECENT FINDINGSYoung children and people living with HIV continue to be at highest risk for TB meningitis. Early diagnosis remains challenging, especially since conventional diagnostic tests have sub-optimal sensitivity and specificity. Recently, nucleic acid amplification testing emerged as the preferred diagnostic modality due to its rapid turnaround time and high specificity. Several recent studies have assessed the optimal treatment for TB meningitis. While the benefit of treatment intensification, by increasing rifampin dosing or adding a fluoroquinolone, is unclear, a growing body of evidence suggests that steroids confer a survival advantage, particularly in patients with mild disease. Additionally, TB meningitis management is further complicated by high rates of HIV co-infection. Recent data suggest that unlike other forms of TB, early initiation of antiretroviral therapy in patients with TB meningitis is associated with higher rates of adverse reactions, without improved survival. TB meningitis continues to be a significant problem worldwide. Despite recent advances, more studies are warranted to improve early disease detection and optimize therapy.
As the most severe form of tuberculosis (TB), TB meningitis disproportionately affects developing countries and results in significant morbidity and mortality. In this report, we review recent updates in the epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of TB meningitis. Young children and people living with HIV continue to be at highest risk for TB meningitis. Early diagnosis remains challenging, especially since conventional diagnostic tests have sub-optimal sensitivity and specificity. Recently, nucleic acid amplification testing emerged as the preferred diagnostic modality due to its rapid turnaround time and high specificity. Several recent studies have assessed the optimal treatment for TB meningitis. While the benefit of treatment intensification, by increasing rifampin dosing or adding a fluoroquinolone, is unclear, a growing body of evidence suggests that steroids confer a survival advantage, particularly in patients with mild disease. Additionally, TB meningitis management is further complicated by high rates of HIV co-infection. Recent data suggest that unlike other forms of TB, early initiation of antiretroviral therapy in patients with TB meningitis is associated with higher rates of adverse reactions, without improved survival. TB meningitis continues to be a significant problem worldwide. Despite recent advances, more studies are warranted to improve early disease detection and optimize therapy.
Purpose of Review As the most severe form of tuberculosis (TB), TB meningitis disproportionately affects developing countries and results in significant morbidity and mortality. In this report, we review recent updates in the epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of TB meningitis. Recent Findings Young children and people living with HIV continue to be at highest risk for TB meningitis. Early diagnosis remains challenging, especially since conventional diagnostic tests have sub-optimal sensitivity and specificity. Recently, nucleic acid amplification testing emerged as the preferred diagnostic modality due to its rapid turnaround time and high specificity. Summary Several recent studies have assessed the optimal treatment for TB meningitis. While the benefit of treatment intensification, by increasing rifampin dosing or adding a fluoroquinolone, is unclear, a growing body of evidence suggests that steroids confer a survival advantage, particularly in patients with mild disease. Additionally, TB meningitis management is further complicated by high rates of HIV co-infection. Recent data suggest that unlike other forms of TB, early initiation of antiretroviral therapy in patients with TB meningitis is associated with higher rates of adverse reactions, without improved survival. TB meningitis continues to be a significant problem worldwide. Despite recent advances, more studies are warranted to improve early disease detection and optimize therapy.
As the most severe form of tuberculosis (TB), TB meningitis disproportionately affects developing countries and results in significant morbidity and mortality. In this report, we review recent updates in the epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of TB meningitis. Young children and people living with HIV continue to be at highest risk for TB meningitis. Early diagnosis remains challenging, especially since conventional diagnostic tests have sub-optimal sensitivity and specificity. Recently, nucleic acid amplification testing emerged as the preferred diagnostic modality due to its rapid turnaround time and high specificity. Several recent studies have assessed the optimal treatment for TB meningitis. While the benefit of treatment intensification, by increasing rifampin dosing or adding a fluoroquinolone, is unclear, a growing body of evidence suggests that steroids confer a survival advantage, particularly in patients with mild disease. Additionally, TB meningitis management is further complicated by high rates of HIV co-infection. Recent data suggest that unlike other forms of TB, early initiation of antiretroviral therapy in patients with TB meningitis is associated with higher rates of adverse reactions, without improved survival. TB meningitis continues to be a significant problem worldwide. Despite recent advances, more studies are warranted to improve early disease detection and optimize therapy.
ArticleNumber 39
Author Bourgi, Kassem
Fiske, Christina
Sterling, Timothy R.
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Kassem
  surname: Bourgi
  fullname: Bourgi, Kassem
  email: Kassem.Bourgi@Vanderbilt.edu
  organization: Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt Tuberculosis Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Christina
  surname: Fiske
  fullname: Fiske, Christina
  organization: Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt Tuberculosis Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Timothy R.
  surname: Sterling
  fullname: Sterling, Timothy R.
  organization: Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt Tuberculosis Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28895024$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
BookMark eNp9kEtLAzEURoNU7EPX4kYEN26ieTbJUoovqLip65BMMyVlJlOTmYX_3gxTRQoKgWRxzs13vykYhSY4AC4wusUIibuEsUISIiwg4opDdgQmmFMGKWbzUf8mFFLJxBhMU9oiRLIlT8CYSKk4ImwCzleddbHoqib5dPXqgg8b3_p0Co5LUyV3tr9n4P3xYbV4hsu3p5fF_RIWDPMWCknsnFFKOUHCEEMERjYfZhxXpMTWMCypKpmyEjlTKMFKK0tB2ZrnCYrOwM0wdxebj86lVtc-Fa6qTHBNl3RGJFZcKZHR6wN023Qx5HQ9JWjOwXvqck91tnZrvYu-NvFTf6-cATwARWxSiq78QTDSfa16qFXnWnVfq-4dceAUvjWtb0Ibja_-NclgpvxL2Lj4K_Sf0hfgk4d9
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_7759_cureus_38526
crossref_primary_10_3390_pharmaceutics16040540
crossref_primary_10_3390_biomedicines13071721
crossref_primary_10_1080_24745332_2023_2226005
crossref_primary_10_4103_tjp_tjp_51_24
crossref_primary_10_1002_jcla_25122
crossref_primary_10_1016_S1473_3099_18_30110_5
crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0212729
crossref_primary_10_7759_cureus_91578
crossref_primary_10_1093_ajcp_aqz135
crossref_primary_10_1002_ccr3_7754
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_micinf_2020_05_020
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ncl_2021_02_003
crossref_primary_10_1155_2023_5562495
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11604_021_01150_4
crossref_primary_10_1080_1120009X_2019_1598039
crossref_primary_10_1155_2022_3527704
crossref_primary_10_1186_s40001_022_00921_7
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ajem_2019_12_040
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41572_024_00519_9
crossref_primary_10_7759_cureus_21819
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_amjms_2020_03_010
crossref_primary_10_1097_MS9_0000000000001332
crossref_primary_10_1128_jb_00047_25
crossref_primary_10_1186_s12879_024_09345_6
crossref_primary_10_7759_cureus_21202
crossref_primary_10_3390_pediatric14020024
crossref_primary_10_1080_24745332_2022_2036073
crossref_primary_10_1136_lupus_2021_000560
crossref_primary_10_1177_0009922819852997
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_idcr_2025_e02252
crossref_primary_10_1177_20499361221084163
crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2021_731876
crossref_primary_10_3389_fneur_2020_00430
Cites_doi 10.1086/605559
10.1016/S1474-4422(13)70168-6
10.1056/NEJMoa1507062
10.1056/NEJMoa1312884
10.1542/peds.2008-1353
10.1128/CMR.00042-07
10.1093/cid/ciw083
10.1093/cid/cir508
10.7883/yoken.67.428
10.1183/09031936.00007814
10.1111/j.1365-3156.2010.02565.x
10.1007/s10096-004-1110-z
10.1586/eri.13.39
10.1093/cid/cis303
10.1136/bmj.c4451
10.1258/ar.2012.110712
10.1007/s11904-012-0127-7
10.1111/1469-0691.12478
10.1086/652652
10.7326/0003-4819-157-5-201209040-00004
10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2006.01.027
10.1097/QAI.0000000000000030
10.1016/j.ijid.2006.07.007
10.1164/rccm.201309-1686OC
10.1086/498220
10.1128/AAC.00064-11
10.1056/NEJMoa1013607
10.1128/JCM.44.3.1029-1039.2006
10.5588/ijtld.15.0253
10.1128/JCM.05756-11
10.1164/rccm.200912-1931OC
10.1093/cid/ciu641
10.1093/cid/cis899
10.1097/MD.0000000000001997
10.1136/jech-2013-202525
10.4269/ajtmh.14-0452
10.1016/j.jns.2014.03.025
10.1016/j.jns.2009.12.012
10.1007/s15010-012-0376-9
10.1016/j.ijid.2008.11.013
10.1093/cid/ciw376
10.1590/S0004-282X2007000100011
10.1177/0883073811398132
10.1371/journal.pone.0001173
10.1371/journal.pmed.1001536
10.1016/S1473-3099(03)00772-2
10.1016/j.clineuro.2011.12.033
10.1016/j.ijid.2014.12.030
10.1086/500459
10.1056/NEJMoa0905848
10.1056/NEJMoa040573
10.1371/journal.pone.0038982
10.1097/01.aids.0000432456.14099.c7
10.1086/598988
10.3109/00365540903428158
10.1086/652142
10.1007/s00381-008-0785-3
10.1016/S1473-3099(08)70184-1
10.1128/JCM.01834-13
10.1086/380644
10.1093/cid/cir230
10.5588/ijtld.15.0600
10.1093/bmb/ldv003
10.15585/mmwr.mm6611a2
10.1056/NEJM199203053261004
10.1016/S1473-3099(12)70321-3
10.1016/S1473-3099(12)70264-5
10.2217/fmb.11.84
10.4103/0028-3886.72178
10.1097/RMR.0000000000000023
10.1056/NEJMoa0907847
10.1016/j.ejim.2011.01.007
10.1056/NEJMoa1014181
10.1128/JCM.42.1.378-379.2004
10.1371/journal.pone.0015664
10.1100/2012/169028
10.1016/j.jns.2010.03.025
10.1055/s-0034-1372347
10.1097/QAD.0b013e32833dfc68.
10.1056/NEJMoa1013607.
10.1086/605559.
10.1002/14651858.CD002244.pub4.
10.1371/journal.pone.0001173.
10.4103/0028-3886.72178.
10.1002/cpt.646.
10.1093/bmb/ldv003.
10.15585/mmwr.mm6611a2.
10.1016/S1474-4422(13)70168-6.
10.1093/cid/cis899.
10.1086/598988.
10.1097/md.0000000000001997
10.1056/NEJMoa040573.
10.1164/rccm.201309-1686OC.
10.5588/ijtld.15.0253.
10.1086/500459.
10.1097/RMR.0000000000000023.
10.1111/1469-0691.12478.
10.1016/j.ijid.2006.07.007.
10.1258/ar.2012.110712.
10.1093/infdis/jiw561.
10.1086/498220.
10.1016/j.ejim.2011.01.007.
10.1093/cid/ciw376.
10.1136/jech-2013-202525.
10.1128/JCM.01834-13.
10.1086/652142.
10.1016/j.jinf.2009.06.011.
10.1128/AAC.00064-11.
10.1016/j.jinf.2012.02.012.
10.1007/s10096-004-1110-z.
10.1097/01.aids.0000432456.14099.c7.
10.1164/rccm.200912-1931OC.
10.7326/0003-4819-157-5-201209040-00004.
10.1016/j.jns.2010.03.025.
10.1016/j.ijid.2014.12.030.
10.1016/j.jns.2009.12.012.
10.1016/j.jns.2014.03.025.
10.1056/NEJMoa1014181.
10.3109/00365540903428158.
10.5588/ijtld.15.0600.
10.1016/j.ijid.2008.11.013.
10.5588/ijtld.11.0687.
10.1097/QCO.0000000000000331.
10.1093/cid/ciu641.
10.1111/j.1365-3156.2010.02565.x.
10.1093/cid/cir508.
10.1056/NEJMoa0905848.
10.1002/14651858.CD012091.pub2.
10.1056/NEJMoa0907847.
10.1371/journal.pmed.1001536.
10.1055/s-0034-1372347.
10.1016/S1473-3099(12)70321-3.
10.1100/2012/169028.
10.1371/journal.pone.0038982.
10.1128/JCM.05756-11.
10.1086/380644.
10.1007/s11904-012-0127-7.
10.1128/JCM.44.3.1029-1039.2006.
10.1056/NEJM199203053261004.
10.1371/journal.pone.0015664.
10.1586/eri.13.39.
10.1086/652652.
10.4269/ajtmh.14-0452.
10.1056/NEJMoa1312884.
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2017
Current Infectious Disease Reports is a copyright of Springer, 2017.
Copyright_xml – notice: Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2017
– notice: Current Infectious Disease Reports is a copyright of Springer, 2017.
DBID AAYXX
CITATION
NPM
3V.
7X7
7XB
8AO
8C1
8FI
8FJ
8FK
ABUWG
AEUYN
AFKRA
BENPR
CCPQU
FYUFA
GHDGH
K9.
M0S
PHGZM
PHGZT
PJZUB
PKEHL
PPXIY
PQEST
PQQKQ
PQUKI
7X8
DOI 10.1007/s11908-017-0595-4
DatabaseName CrossRef
PubMed
ProQuest Central (Corporate)
Health & Medical Collection
ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)
ProQuest Pharma Collection
Public Health Database
Hospital Premium Collection
Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
One Sustainability
ProQuest Central UK/Ireland
ProQuest Central
ProQuest One
ProQuest Health & Medical Collection
Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)
Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)
Proquest Central Premium
ProQuest One Academic (New)
ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
ProQuest One Health & Nursing
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)
ProQuest One Academic (retired)
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
PubMed
ProQuest Public Health
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)
ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest One Community College
ProQuest One Health & Nursing
ProQuest Hospital Collection
Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)
ProQuest Pharma Collection
ProQuest Hospital Collection (Alumni)
ProQuest Central
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete
ProQuest One Sustainability
ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection
Health Research Premium Collection
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
Health and Medicine Complete (Alumni Edition)
Health & Medical Research Collection
ProQuest Central (New)
ProQuest One Academic
ProQuest One Academic (New)
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitleList MEDLINE - Academic
PubMed

ProQuest Public Health
Database_xml – sequence: 1
  dbid: NPM
  name: PubMed
  url: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed
  sourceTypes: Index Database
– sequence: 2
  dbid: BENPR
  name: ProQuest Central
  url: https://www.proquest.com/central
  sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Medicine
EISSN 1534-3146
ExternalDocumentID 28895024
10_1007_s11908_017_0595_4
Genre Journal Article
Review
GroupedDBID ---
-5E
-5G
-BR
-EM
-Y2
-~C
.86
.VR
06C
06D
0R~
0VY
1N0
203
29F
29~
2J2
2JN
2JY
2KG
2KM
2LR
2VQ
2~H
30V
3V.
4.4
406
408
40D
40E
53G
5GY
5VS
6J9
6NX
7X7
8AO
8C1
8FI
8FJ
8TC
8UJ
95-
95.
95~
96X
AAAVM
AABHQ
AACDK
AAHNG
AAIAL
AAJBT
AAJKR
AANXM
AANZL
AARHV
AARTL
AASML
AATNV
AATVU
AAUYE
AAWCG
AAYIU
AAYQN
AAYTO
AAYZH
ABAKF
ABDZT
ABECU
ABFTV
ABHQN
ABJNI
ABJOX
ABKCH
ABMNI
ABMQK
ABNWP
ABPLI
ABQBU
ABSXP
ABTEG
ABTKH
ABTMW
ABUWG
ABWNU
ABXPI
ACAOD
ACDTI
ACGFS
ACHSB
ACHXU
ACKNC
ACMDZ
ACMLO
ACOKC
ACOMO
ACPIV
ACREN
ACSNA
ACZOJ
ADBBV
ADFRT
ADHHG
ADHIR
ADINQ
ADKNI
ADKPE
ADRFC
ADTPH
ADURQ
ADYFF
ADYOE
ADZKW
AEBTG
AEFQL
AEGAL
AEGNC
AEJHL
AEJRE
AEKMD
AEMSY
AENEX
AEOHA
AEPYU
AESKC
AETLH
AEUYN
AEVLU
AEXYK
AFBBN
AFKRA
AFLOW
AFQWF
AFWTZ
AFYQB
AFZKB
AGAYW
AGDGC
AGGDS
AGJBK
AGMZJ
AGQEE
AGQMX
AGRTI
AGWIL
AGWZB
AGYKE
AHAVH
AHBYD
AHMBA
AHSBF
AHYZX
AIAKS
AIGIU
AIIXL
AILAN
AITGF
AJBLW
AJRNO
AJZVZ
ALIPV
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
ALWAN
AMKLP
AMTXH
AMXSW
AMYLF
AMYQR
AOCGG
ARMRJ
AXYYD
B-.
BA0
BDATZ
BENPR
BGNMA
BPHCQ
BVXVI
C1A
CAG
CCPQU
COF
CS3
CSCUP
CUW
DDRTE
DNIVK
DPUIP
DU5
EBLON
EBS
EIOEI
EJD
ESBYG
F5P
FERAY
FFXSO
FIGPU
FINBP
FNLPD
FRRFC
FSGXE
FWDCC
FYUFA
G-Y
G-Z
GGCAI
GGRSB
GJIRD
GNWQR
GQ6
GQ7
H13
HF~
HG6
HMCUK
HMJXF
HRMNR
HZ~
IJ-
IKXTQ
IWAJR
IXC
IXD
IXE
I~Z
J-C
JBSCW
JZLTJ
KOV
LLZTM
M4Y
MA-
NPVJJ
NQJWS
NU0
O9-
O9J
OVD
P9S
PF0
PQQKQ
PROAC
PT4
PT5
Q2X
QOR
QOS
R89
R9I
RNI
ROL
RPX
RSV
RZK
S16
S1Z
S27
S37
S3B
SAP
SDH
SHX
SISQX
SJYHP
SMD
SNE
SNPRN
SNX
SOHCF
SOJ
SPISZ
SRMVM
SSLCW
SSXJD
STPWE
SZ9
SZN
T13
TEORI
TSG
TSK
TSV
TUC
U2A
U9L
UG4
UKHRP
UOJIU
UTJUX
UZXMN
VC2
VFIZW
W48
WK8
YLTOR
Z7U
Z82
Z87
ZMTXR
ZOVNA
~A9
AAPKM
AAYXX
ABBRH
ABDBE
ABFSG
ABRTQ
ACSTC
AEZWR
AFDZB
AFFHD
AFHIU
AFOHR
AHPBZ
AHWEU
AIXLP
ATHPR
AYFIA
CITATION
PHGZM
PHGZT
PJZUB
PPXIY
NPM
7XB
8FK
K9.
PKEHL
PQEST
PQUKI
7X8
PUEGO
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c415t-782b643335207a2a2710b10b4ae592f1ba41839f49b80eac974fb8f734d5c4193
IEDL.DBID 8C1
ISICitedReferencesCount 40
ISICitedReferencesURI http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000411152300002&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
ISSN 1523-3847
IngestDate Fri Sep 05 10:25:07 EDT 2025
Wed Nov 26 14:42:44 EST 2025
Thu Apr 03 07:00:20 EDT 2025
Tue Nov 18 21:55:59 EST 2025
Sat Nov 29 03:53:19 EST 2025
Fri Feb 21 02:29:50 EST 2025
IsDoiOpenAccess false
IsOpenAccess true
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 11
Keywords Tuberculosis (TB)
Central nervous system (CNS)
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
Language English
LinkModel DirectLink
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c415t-782b643335207a2a2710b10b4ae592f1ba41839f49b80eac974fb8f734d5c4193
Notes ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 14
ObjectType-Review-3
content type line 23
OpenAccessLink https://doi.org/10.1007/s11908-017-0595-4
PMID 28895024
PQID 1937364357
PQPubID 54344
ParticipantIDs proquest_miscellaneous_1938195997
proquest_journals_1937364357
pubmed_primary_28895024
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11908_017_0595_4
crossref_citationtrail_10_1007_s11908_017_0595_4
springer_journals_10_1007_s11908_017_0595_4
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 2017-11-01
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2017-11-01
PublicationDate_xml – month: 11
  year: 2017
  text: 2017-11-01
  day: 01
PublicationDecade 2010
PublicationPlace New York
PublicationPlace_xml – name: New York
– name: United States
– name: Dordrecht
PublicationTitle Current infectious disease reports
PublicationTitleAbbrev Curr Infect Dis Rep
PublicationTitleAlternate Curr Infect Dis Rep
PublicationYear 2017
Publisher Springer US
Springer Nature B.V
Publisher_xml – name: Springer US
– name: Springer Nature B.V
References Naidoo, Yende-Zuma, Padayatchi, Naidoo, Jithoo, Nair (CR99) 2012; 157
Abdool Karim, Naidoo, Grobler, Padayatchi, Baxter, Gray (CR95) 2010; 362
Pienaar, Andronikou, van Toorn (CR53) 2009; 25
Critchley, Young, Orton, Garner (CR72) 2013; 13
(CR70) 2014
Cecchini, Ambrosioni, Brezzo, Corti, Rybko, Perez (CR79) 2009; 13
Prasad, Singh, Ryan (CR71) 2016; 4
Chamie, Marquez, Luetkemeyer (CR82) 2014; 34
Makadzange, Ndhlovu, Takarinda, Reid, Kurangwa, Gona (CR101) 2010; 50
Denkinger, Schumacher, Boehme, Dendukuri, Pai, Steingart (CR42) 2014; 44
Thwaites, Chau, Farrar (CR28) 2004; 42
Jullien, Ryan, Modi, Bhatia (CR66) 2016; 9
Vidal, Penalva de Oliveira, Hernández (CR80) 2010; 14
Vibha, Bhatia, Prasad, Srivastava, Tripathi, Kumar (CR22) 2012; 114
Van, Farrar (CR1) 2014; 68
Schoeman, Janse van Rensburg, Laubscher, Springer (CR75) 2011; 26
(CR16) 2016
CR47
CR46
Bhigjee, Padayachee, Paruk, Hallwirth-Pillay, Marais, Connoly (CR36) 2007; 11
Laureillard, Marcy, Madec, Chea, Chan, Borand (CR83) 2013; 27
CR43
Meintjes, Lawn, Scano, Maartens, French, Worodria (CR94) 2008; 8
Torok (CR4) 2015; 113
Pai, Flores, Pai, Hubbard, Riley, Colford (CR34) 2003; 3
Murthy (CR6) 2010; 58
Bahr, Tugume, Rajasingham, Kiggundu, Williams, Morawski (CR44) 2015; 19
Puccioni-Sohler, Brandão (CR81) 2007; 65
Hristea, Olaru, Baicus, Moroti, Arama, Ion (CR21) 2012; 16
CR59
Rajasingham, Rhein, Klammer, Musubire, Nabeta, Akampurira (CR77) 2015; 92
Garg, Malhotra, Kumar (CR91) 2014; 340
Rock, Olin, Baker, Molitor, Peterson (CR2) 2008; 21
Pepper, Marais, Maartens, Rebe, Morroni, Rangaka (CR85) 2009; 48
Boulware, Meya, Muzoora, Rolfes, Huppler Hullsiek, Musubire (CR102) 2014; 370
Patel, Theron, Lenders, Matinyena, Connolly, Singh (CR40) 2013; 10
Sharma, Garg, Verma, Singh, Shukla (CR19) 2011; 22
Chen, Shi, Feng, Liu, Wang, Shi (CR29) 2012; 50
Abdool Karim, Naidoo, Grobler, Padayatchi, Baxter, Gray (CR96) 2011; 365
Kendall, Nyirenda, Wu, Ive, Benson, Andersen (CR98) 2014; 65
van Loenhout-Rooyackers, Keyser, Laheij, Verbeek, van der Meer (CR65) 2001; 5
Youssef, Afifi, Azab, Wasfy, Abdel-Aziz, Parker (CR20) 2006; 55
Kilincoglu, Dalkilic, Dincbal, Aydin (CR73) 2009; 53
Kim, Cho, Park, Lee, Kim, Lee (CR50) 2010; 50
Tai, Nor, Kadir, Viswanathan, Rahmat, Zain (CR93) 2016; 95
Kingkaew, Sangtong, Amnuaiphon, Jongpaibulpatana, Mankatittham, Akksilp (CR9) 2009; 13
CR64
Leeds, Magee, Kurbatova, del Rio, Blumberg, Leonard (CR10) 2012; 55
Meintjes, Wilkinson, Morroni, Pepper, Rebe, Rangaka (CR88) 2010; 24
van Well, Paes, Terwee, Springer, Roord, Donald (CR7) 2009; 123
Jackson, van der Horst (CR26) 2012; 9
Mazurek, Jereb, Vernon, LoBue, Goldberg, Castro (CR48) 2010; 59
Marais, Wilkinson, Lesosky, Coussens, Deffur, Pepper (CR86) 2014; 59
Thwaites, Bhavnani, Chau, Hammel, Torok, Van Wart (CR63) 2011; 55
Nelson, Zunt (CR60) 2011; 53
Thwaites, Nguyen, Nguyen, Hoang, Do, Nguyen (CR12) 2004; 351
Havlir, Kendall, Ive, Kumwenda, Swindells, Qasba (CR97) 2011; 365
Feng, Shi, Ma, Chen, Wang, Zhang (CR30) 2014; 189
Schoeman, Donald, Olivier Dulac, Harvey (CR11) 2013
Nhu, Heemskerk, do DA, Chau, Mai, Nghia (CR41) 2014; 52
Thwaites, Duc Bang, Huy Dung, Thi Quy, Thi Tuong Oanh, Thi Cam Thoa (CR78) 2005; 192
Tuon, Higashino, Lopes, Litvoc, Atomiya, Antonangelo (CR32) 2010; 42
CR5
Kalita, Prasad, Maurya, Kumar, Misra (CR55) 2012; 53
Bell, Breen, Miller, Noursadeghi, Lipman (CR89) 2015; 32
Patel, Singh, Connolly, Coovadia, Peer, Parag (CR49) 2010; 182
Patel, Singh, Connolly, Kasprowicz, Zumla, Ndungu (CR25) 2010; 5
Torres, Riascos, Figueroa, Gupta (CR52) 2014; 23
Pehlivanoglu, Yasar, Sengoz (CR18) 2012; 2012
Vinnard, Winston, Wileyto, Macgregor, Bisson (CR68) 2010; 341
Marais, Lai, Wilkinson, Meintjes, O'Garra, Wilkinson (CR87) 2017; 215
Botha, Ackerman, Candy, Carr, Griffith-Richards, Bateman (CR54) 2012; 7
Chang, Lu, Wang, Zhang, Jia, Li (CR39) 2012; 64
Peto, Pratt, Harrington, LoBue, Armstrong (CR17) 2009; 49
Schmit, Wansaula, Pratt, Price, Langer (CR15) 2017; 66
Caws, Dang, Torok, Campbell, Do, Tran (CR31) 2007; 2
Erdem, Ozturk-Engin, Elaldi, Gulsun, Sengoz, Crisan (CR27) 2014; 20
Misra, Kalita, Nair (CR74) 2010; 293
Zhang, Lin, Shao, Zhang, Weng (CR23) 2014; 67
Yang, Kong, Wilson, Foxman, Fowler, Marrs (CR76) 2004; 38
Carvalho, De Iaco, Saleri, Pini, Capone, Manfrin (CR90) 2006; 42
Cohen, Zijlstra, Mukaka, Reiss, Kamphambale, Scholing (CR24) 2010; 15
Mai, Thwaites (CR14) 2017; 30
Heemskerk, Bang, Mai, Chau, Phu, Loc (CR61) 2016; 374
Geri, Passeron, Heym, Arlet, Pouchot, Capron (CR92) 2013; 41
Corral, Quereda, Navas, Martin-Davila, Perez-Elias, Casado (CR33) 2004; 23
Takahashi, Nakayama (CR35) 2006; 44
Yu, Wang, Chen, Li (CR51) 2016; 20
Bahr, Marais, Caws, van Crevel, Wilkinson, Tyagi (CR45) 2016; 62
Sinha, Garg, Anuradha, Agarwal, Singh, Verma (CR13) 2010; 290
Berenguer, Moreno, Laguna, Vicente, Adrados, Ortega (CR8) 1992; 326
(CR57) 2010
Nagarathna, Rafi, Veenakumari, Mani, Satishchandra, Chandramuki (CR69) 2008; 12
Thwaites, van Toorn, Schoeman (CR3) 2013; 12
Ruslami, Ganiem, Dian, Apriani, Achmad, van der Ven (CR62) 2013; 13
Thwaites, Fisher, Hemingway, Scott, Solomon, Innes (CR58) 2009; 59
Torok, Yen, Chau, Mai, Phu, Mai (CR100) 2011; 52
Lawn, Nicol (CR38) 2011; 6
Nahid, Dorman, Alipanah, Barry, Brozek, Cattamanchi (CR56) 2016; 63
Garg, Jain, Malhotra, Agrawal, Garg (CR67) 2013; 11
Marais, Meintjes, Pepper, Dodd, Schutz, Ismail (CR84) 2013; 56
Boehme, Nabeta, Hillemann, Nicol, Shenai, Krapp (CR37) 2010; 363
YL Zhang (595_CR23) 2014; 67
GE Thwaites (595_CR63) 2011; 55
HM Peto (595_CR17) 2009; 49
595_CR47
S Jullien (595_CR66) 2016; 9
GE Thwaites (595_CR28) 2004; 42
G Chamie (595_CR82) 2014; 34
TT Van (595_CR1) 2014; 68
S Marais (595_CR87) 2017; 215
World Health Organization (595_CR70) 2014
D Laureillard (595_CR83) 2013; 27
SS Abdool Karim (595_CR95) 2010; 362
KM Schmit (595_CR15) 2017; 66
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (595_CR16) 2016
595_CR43
595_CR46
IL Leeds (595_CR10) 2012; 55
H Erdem (595_CR27) 2014; 20
NT Nhu (595_CR41) 2014; 52
VB Patel (595_CR40) 2013; 10
GE Thwaites (595_CR12) 2004; 351
MK Sinha (595_CR13) 2010; 290
S Marais (595_CR84) 2013; 56
UK Misra (595_CR74) 2010; 293
I Corral (595_CR33) 2004; 23
CC Boehme (595_CR37) 2010; 363
ML Tai (595_CR93) 2016; 95
P Chen (595_CR29) 2012; 50
JF Schoeman (595_CR75) 2011; 26
J Yu (595_CR51) 2016; 20
GE Thwaites (595_CR3) 2013; 12
LC Bell (595_CR89) 2015; 32
RK Garg (595_CR91) 2014; 340
VB Patel (595_CR25) 2010; 5
RB Rock (595_CR2) 2008; 21
ME Torok (595_CR4) 2015; 113
JF Schoeman (595_CR11) 2013
T Takahashi (595_CR35) 2006; 44
595_CR59
A Jackson (595_CR26) 2012; 9
G Geri (595_CR92) 2013; 41
MA Kendall (595_CR98) 2014; 65
JM Murthy (595_CR6) 2010; 58
595_CR64
S Marais (595_CR86) 2014; 59
595_CR5
M Pienaar (595_CR53) 2009; 25
SH Kim (595_CR50) 2010; 50
AT Makadzange (595_CR101) 2010; 50
GD Feng (595_CR30) 2014; 189
M Pai (595_CR34) 2003; 3
M Caws (595_CR31) 2007; 2
World Health Organization, Stop TB Initiative (595_CR57) 2010
S Nagarathna (595_CR69) 2008; 12
R Rajasingham (595_CR77) 2015; 92
D Vibha (595_CR22) 2012; 114
C Vinnard (595_CR68) 2010; 341
SD Lawn (595_CR38) 2011; 6
RK Garg (595_CR67) 2013; 11
Z Yang (595_CR76) 2004; 38
K Prasad (595_CR71) 2016; 4
JA Critchley (595_CR72) 2013; 13
GE Thwaites (595_CR78) 2005; 192
D Cecchini (595_CR79) 2009; 13
DB Cohen (595_CR24) 2010; 15
AI Bhigjee (595_CR36) 2007; 11
JH Loenhout-Rooyackers van (595_CR65) 2001; 5
P Nahid (595_CR56) 2016; 63
DV Havlir (595_CR97) 2011; 365
GH Mazurek (595_CR48) 2010; 59
F Pehlivanoglu (595_CR18) 2012; 2012
M Puccioni-Sohler (595_CR81) 2007; 65
G Thwaites (595_CR58) 2009; 59
H Botha (595_CR54) 2012; 7
AC Carvalho (595_CR90) 2006; 42
NT Mai (595_CR14) 2017; 30
J Berenguer (595_CR8) 1992; 326
R Ruslami (595_CR62) 2013; 13
AD Heemskerk (595_CR61) 2016; 374
G Meintjes (595_CR88) 2010; 24
SS Abdool Karim (595_CR96) 2011; 365
GT Well van (595_CR7) 2009; 123
K Naidoo (595_CR99) 2012; 157
NC Bahr (595_CR45) 2016; 62
NC Bahr (595_CR44) 2015; 19
DR Boulware (595_CR102) 2014; 370
C Torres (595_CR52) 2014; 23
G Meintjes (595_CR94) 2008; 8
J Vidal (595_CR80) 2010; 14
N Kingkaew (595_CR9) 2009; 13
K Chang (595_CR39) 2012; 64
CM Denkinger (595_CR42) 2014; 44
FF Tuon (595_CR32) 2010; 42
DJ Pepper (595_CR85) 2009; 48
FG Youssef (595_CR20) 2006; 55
ME Torok (595_CR100) 2011; 52
VB Patel (595_CR49) 2010; 182
A Hristea (595_CR21) 2012; 16
J Kalita (595_CR55) 2012; 53
BF Kilincoglu (595_CR73) 2009; 53
P Sharma (595_CR19) 2011; 22
CA Nelson (595_CR60) 2011; 53
References_xml – volume: 49
  start-page: 1350
  issue: 9
  year: 2009
  end-page: 1357
  ident: CR17
  article-title: Epidemiology of extrapulmonary tuberculosis in the United States, 1993-2006
  publication-title: Clin Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1086/605559
– volume: 5
  start-page: 1028
  issue: 11
  year: 2001
  end-page: 1035
  ident: CR65
  article-title: Tuberculous meningitis: is a 6-month treatment regimen sufficient?
  publication-title: Int J Tuberc Lung Dis
– volume: 12
  start-page: 999
  issue: 10
  year: 2013
  end-page: 1010
  ident: CR3
  article-title: Tuberculous meningitis: more questions, still too few answers
  publication-title: Lancet Neurol
  doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(13)70168-6
– volume: 374
  start-page: 124
  issue: 2
  year: 2016
  end-page: 134
  ident: CR61
  article-title: Intensified antituberculosis therapy in adults with tuberculous meningitis
  publication-title: N Engl J Med
  doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1507062
– volume: 370
  start-page: 2487
  issue: 26
  year: 2014
  end-page: 2498
  ident: CR102
  article-title: Timing of antiretroviral therapy after diagnosis of cryptococcal meningitis
  publication-title: N Engl J Med
  doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1312884
– volume: 24
  start-page: 2381
  issue: 15
  year: 2010
  end-page: 2390
  ident: CR88
  article-title: Randomized placebo-controlled trial of prednisone for paradoxical tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome
  publication-title: AIDS
– volume: 123
  start-page: e1
  issue: 1
  year: 2009
  end-page: e8
  ident: CR7
  article-title: Twenty years of pediatric tuberculous meningitis: a retrospective cohort study in the western cape of South Africa
  publication-title: Pediatrics
  doi: 10.1542/peds.2008-1353
– volume: 21
  start-page: 243
  issue: 2
  year: 2008
  end-page: 261
  ident: CR2
  article-title: Central nervous system tuberculosis: pathogenesis and clinical aspects
  publication-title: Clin Microbiol Rev
  doi: 10.1128/CMR.00042-07
– volume: 16
  start-page: 793
  issue: 6
  year: 2012
  end-page: 798
  ident: CR21
  article-title: Clinical prediction rule for differentiating tuberculous from viral meningitis
  publication-title: Int J Tuberc Lung Dis
– volume: 62
  start-page: 1133
  issue: 9
  year: 2016
  end-page: 1135
  ident: CR45
  article-title: GeneXpert MTB/RIF to diagnose tuberculous meningitis: perhaps the first test but not the last
  publication-title: Clin Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1093/cid/ciw083
– volume: 53
  start-page: 915
  issue: 9
  year: 2011
  end-page: 926
  ident: CR60
  article-title: Tuberculosis of the central nervous system in immunocompromised patients: HIV infection and solid organ transplant recipients
  publication-title: Clin Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1093/cid/cir508
– volume: 67
  start-page: 428
  issue: 6
  year: 2014
  end-page: 431
  ident: CR23
  article-title: Validation of Thwaites’ diagnostic scoring system for the differential diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis and bacterial meningitis
  publication-title: Jpn J Infect Dis
  doi: 10.7883/yoken.67.428
– volume: 44
  start-page: 435
  issue: 2
  year: 2014
  end-page: 446
  ident: CR42
  article-title: Xpert MTB/RIF assay for the diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
  publication-title: Eur Respir J
  doi: 10.1183/09031936.00007814
– year: 2014
  ident: CR70
  publication-title: Guidance for national tuberculosis programmes on the management of tuberculosis in children
– volume: 15
  start-page: 910
  issue: 8
  year: 2010
  end-page: 917
  ident: CR24
  article-title: Diagnosis of cryptococcal and tuberculous meningitis in a resource-limited African setting
  publication-title: Tropical Med Int Health
  doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2010.02565.x
– volume: 23
  start-page: 471
  issue: 6
  year: 2004
  end-page: 476
  ident: CR33
  article-title: Adenosine deaminase activity in cerebrospinal fluid of HIV-infected patients: limited value for diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis
  publication-title: Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1007/s10096-004-1110-z
– volume: 59
  start-page: 1
  issue: RR-5
  year: 2010
  end-page: 25
  ident: CR48
  article-title: Updated guidelines for using interferon gamma release assays to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection-United States, 2010
  publication-title: MMWR Recomm Rep
– volume: 11
  start-page: 605
  issue: 6
  year: 2013
  end-page: 621
  ident: CR67
  article-title: Drug-resistant tuberculous meningitis
  publication-title: Expert Rev Anti-Infect Ther
  doi: 10.1586/eri.13.39
– volume: 55
  start-page: 75
  issue: 1
  year: 2012
  end-page: 81
  ident: CR10
  article-title: Site of extrapulmonary tuberculosis is associated with HIV infection
  publication-title: Clin Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1093/cid/cis303
– volume: 341
  start-page: c4451
  year: 2010
  ident: CR68
  article-title: Isoniazid resistance and death in patients with tuberculous meningitis: retrospective cohort study
  publication-title: BMJ
  doi: 10.1136/bmj.c4451
– volume: 13
  start-page: 269
  issue: 2
  year: 2009
  end-page: 271
  ident: CR79
  article-title: Tuberculous meningitis in HIV-infected and non-infected patients: comparison of cerebrospinal fluid findings [short communication]
  publication-title: Int J Tuberc Lung Dis
– volume: 53
  start-page: 324
  issue: 3
  year: 2012
  end-page: 329
  ident: CR55
  article-title: Angiography in tuberculous meningitis
  publication-title: Acta Radiol
  doi: 10.1258/ar.2012.110712
– volume: 9
  start-page: 267
  issue: 3
  year: 2012
  end-page: 277
  ident: CR26
  article-title: New insights in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cryptococcal meningitis
  publication-title: Curr HIV/AIDS Rep
  doi: 10.1007/s11904-012-0127-7
– volume: 20
  start-page: O600
  issue: 10
  year: 2014
  end-page: O608
  ident: CR27
  article-title: The microbiological diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis: results of Haydarpasa-1 study
  publication-title: Clin Microbiol Infect
  doi: 10.1111/1469-0691.12478
– volume: 50
  start-page: 1532
  issue: 11
  year: 2010
  end-page: 1538
  ident: CR101
  article-title: Early versus delayed initiation of antiretroviral therapy for concurrent HIV infection and cryptococcal meningitis in sub-saharan Africa
  publication-title: Clin Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1086/652652
– year: 2016
  ident: CR16
  publication-title: Reported tuberculosis in the United States, 2015
– volume: 157
  start-page: 313
  issue: 5
  year: 2012
  end-page: 324
  ident: CR99
  article-title: The immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome after antiretroviral therapy initiation in patients with tuberculosis: findings from the SAPiT trial
  publication-title: Ann Intern Med
  doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-157-5-201209040-00004
– volume: 55
  start-page: 275
  issue: 4
  year: 2006
  end-page: 278
  ident: CR20
  article-title: Differentiation of tuberculous meningitis from acute bacterial meningitis using simple clinical and laboratory parameters
  publication-title: Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2006.01.027
– volume: 65
  start-page: 423
  issue: 4
  year: 2014
  ident: CR98
  article-title: Tuberculosis immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in A5221 STRIDE: timing, severity and implications for HIV-TB programs
  publication-title: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr
  doi: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000000030
– volume: 11
  start-page: 348
  issue: 4
  year: 2007
  end-page: 354
  ident: CR36
  article-title: Diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis: clinical and laboratory parameters
  publication-title: Int J Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2006.07.007
– ident: CR5
– volume: 189
  start-page: 475
  issue: 4
  year: 2014
  end-page: 481
  ident: CR30
  article-title: Diagnostic accuracy of intracellular mycobacterium tuberculosis detection for tuberculous meningitis
  publication-title: Am J Respir Crit Care Med
  doi: 10.1164/rccm.201309-1686OC
– volume: 192
  start-page: 2134
  issue: 12
  year: 2005
  end-page: 2141
  ident: CR78
  article-title: The influence of HIV infection on clinical presentation, response to treatment, and outcome in adults with tuberculous meningitis
  publication-title: J Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1086/498220
– volume: 55
  start-page: 3244
  issue: 7
  year: 2011
  end-page: 3253
  ident: CR63
  article-title: Randomized pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic comparison of fluoroquinolones for tuberculous meningitis
  publication-title: Antimicrob Agents Chemother
  doi: 10.1128/AAC.00064-11
– volume: 365
  start-page: 1482
  issue: 16
  year: 2011
  end-page: 1491
  ident: CR97
  article-title: Timing of antiretroviral therapy for HIV-1 infection and tuberculosis
  publication-title: N Engl J Med
  doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1013607
– start-page: 1135
  year: 2013
  end-page: 1138
  ident: CR11
  article-title: Chapter 117—tuberculous meningitis
  publication-title: Handbook of clinical neurology. Elsevier
– ident: CR47
– volume: 44
  start-page: 1029
  issue: 3
  year: 2006
  end-page: 1039
  ident: CR35
  article-title: Novel technique of quantitative nested real-time PCR assay for Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA
  publication-title: J Clin Microbiol
  doi: 10.1128/JCM.44.3.1029-1039.2006
– volume: 19
  start-page: 1209
  issue: 10
  year: 2015
  end-page: 1215
  ident: CR44
  article-title: Improved diagnostic sensitivity for tuberculous meningitis with Xpert((R)) MTB/RIF of centrifuged CSF
  publication-title: Int J Tuberc Lung Dis
  doi: 10.5588/ijtld.15.0253
– volume: 50
  start-page: 1166
  issue: 4
  year: 2012
  end-page: 1170
  ident: CR29
  article-title: A highly efficient Ziehl-Neelsen stain: identifying de novo intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis and improving detection of extracellular M. tuberculosis in cerebrospinal fluid
  publication-title: J Clin Microbiol
  doi: 10.1128/JCM.05756-11
– volume: 182
  start-page: 569
  issue: 4
  year: 2010
  end-page: 577
  ident: CR49
  article-title: Cerebrospinal T-cell responses aid in the diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis in a human immunodeficiency virus- and tuberculosis-endemic population
  publication-title: Am J Respir Crit Care Med
  doi: 10.1164/rccm.200912-1931OC
– volume: 59
  start-page: 1638
  issue: 11
  year: 2014
  end-page: 1647
  ident: CR86
  article-title: Neutrophil-associated central nervous system inflammation in tuberculous meningitis immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome
  publication-title: Clin Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1093/cid/ciu641
– volume: 56
  start-page: 450
  issue: 3
  year: 2013
  end-page: 460
  ident: CR84
  article-title: Frequency, severity, and prediction of tuberculous meningitis immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome
  publication-title: Clin Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1093/cid/cis899
– volume: 95
  start-page: e1997
  issue: 1
  year: 2016
  ident: CR93
  article-title: Paradoxical manifestation is common in HIV-negative tuberculous meningitis
  publication-title: Medicine (Baltimore)
  doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000001997
– volume: 68
  start-page: 195
  issue: 3
  year: 2014
  end-page: 196
  ident: CR1
  article-title: Tuberculous meningitis
  publication-title: J Epidemiol Community Health
  doi: 10.1136/jech-2013-202525
– volume: 12
  start-page: 105
  issue: 1
  year: 2008
  end-page: 107
  ident: CR69
  article-title: Drug susceptibility profiling of tuberculous meningitis
  publication-title: Int J Tuberc Lung Dis
– volume: 92
  start-page: 274
  issue: 2
  year: 2015
  end-page: 279
  ident: CR77
  article-title: Epidemiology of meningitis in an HIV-infected Ugandan cohort
  publication-title: Am J Trop Med Hyg
  doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.14-0452
– volume: 340
  start-page: 26
  issue: 1–2
  year: 2014
  end-page: 36
  ident: CR91
  article-title: Paradoxical reaction in HIV negative tuberculous meningitis
  publication-title: J Neurol Sci
  doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2014.03.025
– volume: 290
  start-page: 27
  issue: 1–2
  year: 2010
  end-page: 32
  ident: CR13
  article-title: Vision impairment in tuberculous meningitis: predictors and prognosis
  publication-title: J Neurol Sci
  doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2009.12.012
– volume: 41
  start-page: 537
  issue: 2
  year: 2013
  end-page: 543
  ident: CR92
  article-title: Paradoxical reactions during treatment of tuberculosis with extrapulmonary manifestations in HIV-negative patients
  publication-title: Infection
  doi: 10.1007/s15010-012-0376-9
– volume: 13
  start-page: 722
  issue: 6
  year: 2009
  end-page: 729
  ident: CR9
  article-title: HIV-associated extrapulmonary tuberculosis in Thailand: epidemiology and risk factors for death
  publication-title: Int J Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2008.11.013
– volume: 63
  start-page: e147
  issue: 7
  year: 2016
  end-page: ee95
  ident: CR56
  article-title: Official American Thoracic Society/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Infectious Diseases Society of America clinical practice guidelines: treatment of drug-susceptible tuberculosis
  publication-title: Clin Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1093/cid/ciw376
– volume: 65
  start-page: 48
  issue: 1
  year: 2007
  end-page: 53
  ident: CR81
  article-title: Factors associated to the positive cerebrospinal fuid culture in the tuberculous meningitis
  publication-title: Arq Neuropsiquiatr
  doi: 10.1590/S0004-282X2007000100011
– volume: 26
  start-page: 956
  issue: 8
  year: 2011
  end-page: 962
  ident: CR75
  article-title: The role of aspirin in childhood tuberculous meningitis
  publication-title: J Child Neurol
  doi: 10.1177/0883073811398132
– volume: 2
  start-page: e1173
  issue: 11
  year: 2007
  ident: CR31
  article-title: Evaluation of the MODS culture technique for the diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis
  publication-title: PLoS One
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0001173
– volume: 10
  start-page: e1001536
  issue: 10
  year: 2013
  ident: CR40
  article-title: Diagnostic accuracy of quantitative PCR (Xpert MTB/RIF) for tuberculous meningitis in a high burden setting: a prospective study
  publication-title: PLoS Med
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001536
– volume: 215
  start-page: 677
  issue: 5
  year: 2017
  end-page: 686
  ident: CR87
  article-title: Inflammasome activation underlying central nervous system deterioration in HIV-associated tuberculosis
  publication-title: J Infect Dis
– volume: 3
  start-page: 633
  issue: 10
  year: 2003
  end-page: 643
  ident: CR34
  article-title: Diagnostic accuracy of nucleic acid amplification tests for tuberculous meningitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
  publication-title: Lancet Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(03)00772-2
– volume: 114
  start-page: 639
  issue: 6
  year: 2012
  end-page: 644
  ident: CR22
  article-title: Validation of diagnostic algorithm to differentiate between tuberculous meningitis and acute bacterial meningitis
  publication-title: Clin Neurol Neurosurg
  doi: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2011.12.033
– volume: 32
  start-page: 39
  year: 2015
  end-page: 45
  ident: CR89
  article-title: Paradoxical reactions and immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in tuberculosis
  publication-title: Int J Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2014.12.030
– volume: 42
  start-page: 893
  issue: 6
  year: 2006
  end-page: 895
  ident: CR90
  article-title: Paradoxical reaction during tuberculosis treatment in HIV-seronegative patients
  publication-title: Clin Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1086/500459
– volume: 362
  start-page: 697
  issue: 8
  year: 2010
  end-page: 706
  ident: CR95
  article-title: Timing of initiation of antiretroviral drugs during tuberculosis therapy
  publication-title: N Engl J Med
  doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0905848
– volume: 351
  start-page: 1741
  issue: 17
  year: 2004
  end-page: 1751
  ident: CR12
  article-title: Dexamethasone for the treatment of tuberculous meningitis in adolescents and adults
  publication-title: N Engl J Med
  doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa040573
– volume: 30
  start-page: 123
  issue: 1
  year: 2017
  end-page: 128
  ident: CR14
  article-title: Recent advances in the diagnosis and management of tuberculous meningitis
  publication-title: Curr Opin Infect Dis
– volume: 7
  start-page: e38982
  issue: 6
  year: 2012
  ident: CR54
  article-title: Reliability and diagnostic performance of CT imaging criteria in the diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis
  publication-title: PLoS One
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0038982
– volume: 27
  start-page: 2577
  issue: 16
  year: 2013
  end-page: 2586
  ident: CR83
  article-title: Paradoxical tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome after early initiation of antiretroviral therapy in a randomized clinical trial
  publication-title: AIDS
  doi: 10.1097/01.aids.0000432456.14099.c7
– volume: 48
  start-page: e96
  issue: 11
  year: 2009
  end-page: 107
  ident: CR85
  article-title: Neurologic manifestations of paradoxical tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: a case series
  publication-title: Clin Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1086/598988
– volume: 42
  start-page: 198
  issue: 3
  year: 2010
  end-page: 207
  ident: CR32
  article-title: Adenosine deaminase and tuberculous meningitis—a systematic review with meta-analysis
  publication-title: Scand J Infect Dis
  doi: 10.3109/00365540903428158
– volume: 64
  start-page: 580
  issue: 6
  year: 2012
  end-page: 588
  ident: CR39
  article-title: Rapid and effective diagnosis of tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance with Xpert MTB/RIF assay: a meta-analysis
  publication-title: J Inf Secur
– volume: 50
  start-page: 1349
  issue: 10
  year: 2010
  end-page: 1358
  ident: CR50
  article-title: Rapid diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis by T cell-based assays on peripheral blood and cerebrospinal fluid mononuclear cells
  publication-title: Clin Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1086/652142
– volume: 25
  start-page: 941
  issue: 8
  year: 2009
  end-page: 947
  ident: CR53
  article-title: MRI to demonstrate diagnostic features and complications of TBM not seen with CT
  publication-title: Childs Nerv Syst
  doi: 10.1007/s00381-008-0785-3
– volume: 8
  start-page: 516
  issue: 8
  year: 2008
  end-page: 523
  ident: CR94
  article-title: Tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: case definitions for use in resource-limited settings
  publication-title: Lancet Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(08)70184-1
– volume: 52
  start-page: 226
  issue: 1
  year: 2014
  end-page: 233
  ident: CR41
  article-title: Evaluation of GeneXpert MTB/RIF for diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis
  publication-title: J Clin Microbiol
  doi: 10.1128/JCM.01834-13
– ident: CR46
– volume: 38
  start-page: 199
  issue: 2
  year: 2004
  end-page: 205
  ident: CR76
  article-title: Identification of risk factors for extrapulmonary tuberculosis
  publication-title: Clin Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1086/380644
– year: 2010
  ident: CR57
  publication-title: Treatment of tuberculosis: guidelines
– volume: 52
  start-page: 1374
  issue: 11
  year: 2011
  end-page: 1383
  ident: CR100
  article-title: Timing of initiation of antiretroviral therapy in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated tuberculous meningitis
  publication-title: Clin Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1093/cid/cir230
– volume: 20
  start-page: 494
  issue: 4
  year: 2016
  end-page: 499
  ident: CR51
  article-title: Diagnostic accuracy of interferon-gamma release assays for tuberculous meningitis: a meta-analysis
  publication-title: Int J Tuberc Lung Dis
  doi: 10.5588/ijtld.15.0600
– volume: 113
  start-page: 117
  issue: 1
  year: 2015
  end-page: 131
  ident: CR4
  article-title: Tuberculous meningitis: advances in diagnosis and treatment
  publication-title: Br Med Bull
  doi: 10.1093/bmb/ldv003
– volume: 66
  start-page: 289
  issue: 11
  year: 2017
  end-page: 294
  ident: CR15
  article-title: Tuberculosis—United States, 2016
  publication-title: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep
  doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6611a2
– volume: 326
  start-page: 668
  issue: 10
  year: 1992
  end-page: 672
  ident: CR8
  article-title: Tuberculous meningitis in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus
  publication-title: N Engl J Med
  doi: 10.1056/NEJM199203053261004
– volume: 13
  start-page: 223
  issue: 3
  year: 2013
  end-page: 237
  ident: CR72
  article-title: Corticosteroids for prevention of mortality in people with tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
  publication-title: Lancet Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(12)70321-3
– ident: CR64
– volume: 13
  start-page: 27
  issue: 1
  year: 2013
  end-page: 35
  ident: CR62
  article-title: Intensified regimen containing rifampicin and moxifloxacin for tuberculous meningitis: an open-label, randomised controlled phase 2 trial
  publication-title: Lancet Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(12)70264-5
– volume: 6
  start-page: 1067
  issue: 9
  year: 2011
  end-page: 1082
  ident: CR38
  article-title: Xpert® MTB/RIF assay: development, evaluation and implementation of a new rapid molecular diagnostic for tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance
  publication-title: Future Microbiol
  doi: 10.2217/fmb.11.84
– volume: 14
  start-page: 1496
  issue: 11
  year: 2010
  end-page: 1497
  ident: CR80
  article-title: CD4+ T-cell count and cerebrospinal fluid findings in HIV-infected patients with tuberculous meningitis [correspondence]
  publication-title: Int J Tuberc Lung Dis
– ident: CR43
– volume: 58
  start-page: 716
  issue: 5
  year: 2010
  end-page: 722
  ident: CR6
  article-title: Tuberculous meningitis: the challenges
  publication-title: Neurol India
  doi: 10.4103/0028-3886.72178
– volume: 23
  start-page: 173
  issue: 3
  year: 2014
  end-page: 189
  ident: CR52
  article-title: Central nervous system tuberculosis
  publication-title: Top Magn Reson Imaging
  doi: 10.1097/RMR.0000000000000023
– volume: 363
  start-page: 1005
  issue: 11
  year: 2010
  end-page: 1015
  ident: CR37
  article-title: Rapid molecular detection of tuberculosis and rifampin resistance
  publication-title: N Engl J Med
  doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0907847
– volume: 22
  start-page: 289
  issue: 3
  year: 2011
  end-page: 295
  ident: CR19
  article-title: Incidence, predictors and prognostic value of cranial nerve involvement in patients with tuberculous meningitis: a retrospective evaluation
  publication-title: Eur J Intern Med
  doi: 10.1016/j.ejim.2011.01.007
– volume: 53
  start-page: 49
  issue: 2
  year: 2009
  end-page: 53
  ident: CR73
  article-title: Shunting in hydrocephalus due to tuberculous meningitis. Cases presenting with high cerebrospinal fluid proteins in pediatric age
  publication-title: J Neurosurg Sci
– volume: 9
  start-page: CD012091
  year: 2016
  ident: CR66
  article-title: Six months therapy for tuberculous meningitis
  publication-title: Cochrane Database Syst Rev
– volume: 365
  start-page: 1492
  issue: 16
  year: 2011
  end-page: 1501
  ident: CR96
  article-title: Integration of antiretroviral therapy with tuberculosis treatment
  publication-title: N Engl J Med
  doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1014181
– volume: 42
  start-page: 378
  issue: 1
  year: 2004
  end-page: 379
  ident: CR28
  article-title: Improving the bacteriological diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis
  publication-title: J Clin Microbiol
  doi: 10.1128/JCM.42.1.378-379.2004
– volume: 5
  start-page: e15664
  issue: 12
  year: 2010
  ident: CR25
  article-title: Comparison of a clinical prediction rule and a LAM antigen-detection assay for the rapid diagnosis of TBM in a high HIV prevalence setting
  publication-title: PLoS One
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0015664
– volume: 2012
  start-page: 169028
  year: 2012
  ident: CR18
  article-title: Tuberculous meningitis in adults: a review of 160 cases
  publication-title: ScientificWorldJournal
  doi: 10.1100/2012/169028
– volume: 4
  start-page: CD002244
  year: 2016
  ident: CR71
  article-title: Corticosteroids for managing tuberculous meningitis
  publication-title: Cochrane Database Syst Rev
– volume: 59
  start-page: 167
  issue: 3
  year: 2009
  end-page: 187
  ident: CR58
  article-title: British Infection Society guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis of the central nervous system in adults and children
  publication-title: J Inf Secur
– ident: CR59
– volume: 293
  start-page: 12
  issue: 1–2
  year: 2010
  end-page: 17
  ident: CR74
  article-title: Role of aspirin in tuberculous meningitis: a randomized open label placebo controlled trial
  publication-title: J Neurol Sci
  doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2010.03.025
– volume: 34
  start-page: 103
  issue: 1
  year: 2014
  end-page: 115
  ident: CR82
  article-title: HIV-associated central nervous system tuberculosis
  publication-title: Semin Neurol
  doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1372347
– volume: 24
  start-page: 2381
  issue: 15
  year: 2010
  ident: 595_CR88
  publication-title: AIDS
  doi: 10.1097/QAD.0b013e32833dfc68.
– volume: 374
  start-page: 124
  issue: 2
  year: 2016
  ident: 595_CR61
  publication-title: N Engl J Med
  doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1507062
– volume: 53
  start-page: 49
  issue: 2
  year: 2009
  ident: 595_CR73
  publication-title: J Neurosurg Sci
– volume: 365
  start-page: 1482
  issue: 16
  year: 2011
  ident: 595_CR97
  publication-title: N Engl J Med
  doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1013607.
– volume: 49
  start-page: 1350
  issue: 9
  year: 2009
  ident: 595_CR17
  publication-title: Clin Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1086/605559.
– volume: 4
  start-page: CD002244
  year: 2016
  ident: 595_CR71
  publication-title: Cochrane Database Syst Rev
  doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD002244.pub4.
– volume: 2
  start-page: e1173
  issue: 11
  year: 2007
  ident: 595_CR31
  publication-title: PLoS One
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0001173.
– volume: 58
  start-page: 716
  issue: 5
  year: 2010
  ident: 595_CR6
  publication-title: Neurol India
  doi: 10.4103/0028-3886.72178.
– volume: 41
  start-page: 537
  issue: 2
  year: 2013
  ident: 595_CR92
  publication-title: Infection
  doi: 10.1007/s15010-012-0376-9
– ident: 595_CR64
  doi: 10.1002/cpt.646.
– volume: 67
  start-page: 428
  issue: 6
  year: 2014
  ident: 595_CR23
  publication-title: Jpn J Infect Dis
  doi: 10.7883/yoken.67.428
– volume: 113
  start-page: 117
  issue: 1
  year: 2015
  ident: 595_CR4
  publication-title: Br Med Bull
  doi: 10.1093/bmb/ldv003.
– volume: 66
  start-page: 289
  issue: 11
  year: 2017
  ident: 595_CR15
  publication-title: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep
  doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6611a2.
– volume: 26
  start-page: 956
  issue: 8
  year: 2011
  ident: 595_CR75
  publication-title: J Child Neurol
  doi: 10.1177/0883073811398132
– volume: 12
  start-page: 999
  issue: 10
  year: 2013
  ident: 595_CR3
  publication-title: Lancet Neurol
  doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(13)70168-6.
– volume: 21
  start-page: 243
  issue: 2
  year: 2008
  ident: 595_CR2
  publication-title: Clin Microbiol Rev
  doi: 10.1128/CMR.00042-07
– volume: 65
  start-page: 48
  issue: 1
  year: 2007
  ident: 595_CR81
  publication-title: Arq Neuropsiquiatr
  doi: 10.1590/S0004-282X2007000100011
– volume: 65
  start-page: 423
  issue: 4
  year: 2014
  ident: 595_CR98
  publication-title: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr
  doi: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000000030
– volume: 56
  start-page: 450
  issue: 3
  year: 2013
  ident: 595_CR84
  publication-title: Clin Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1093/cid/cis899.
– volume-title: Guidance for national tuberculosis programmes on the management of tuberculosis in children
  year: 2014
  ident: 595_CR70
– volume: 48
  start-page: e96
  issue: 11
  year: 2009
  ident: 595_CR85
  publication-title: Clin Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1086/598988.
– volume: 95
  start-page: e1997
  issue: 1
  year: 2016
  ident: 595_CR93
  publication-title: Medicine (Baltimore)
  doi: 10.1097/md.0000000000001997
– volume: 351
  start-page: 1741
  issue: 17
  year: 2004
  ident: 595_CR12
  publication-title: N Engl J Med
  doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa040573.
– volume: 189
  start-page: 475
  issue: 4
  year: 2014
  ident: 595_CR30
  publication-title: Am J Respir Crit Care Med
  doi: 10.1164/rccm.201309-1686OC.
– volume: 19
  start-page: 1209
  issue: 10
  year: 2015
  ident: 595_CR44
  publication-title: Int J Tuberc Lung Dis
  doi: 10.5588/ijtld.15.0253.
– volume: 42
  start-page: 893
  issue: 6
  year: 2006
  ident: 595_CR90
  publication-title: Clin Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1086/500459.
– volume: 23
  start-page: 173
  issue: 3
  year: 2014
  ident: 595_CR52
  publication-title: Top Magn Reson Imaging
  doi: 10.1097/RMR.0000000000000023.
– volume: 20
  start-page: O600
  issue: 10
  year: 2014
  ident: 595_CR27
  publication-title: Clin Microbiol Infect
  doi: 10.1111/1469-0691.12478.
– volume: 11
  start-page: 348
  issue: 4
  year: 2007
  ident: 595_CR36
  publication-title: Int J Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2006.07.007.
– volume: 53
  start-page: 324
  issue: 3
  year: 2012
  ident: 595_CR55
  publication-title: Acta Radiol
  doi: 10.1258/ar.2012.110712.
– volume: 215
  start-page: 677
  issue: 5
  year: 2017
  ident: 595_CR87
  publication-title: J Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiw561.
– volume: 192
  start-page: 2134
  issue: 12
  year: 2005
  ident: 595_CR78
  publication-title: J Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1086/498220.
– volume: 59
  start-page: 1
  issue: RR-5
  year: 2010
  ident: 595_CR48
  publication-title: MMWR Recomm Rep
– volume: 6
  start-page: 1067
  issue: 9
  year: 2011
  ident: 595_CR38
  publication-title: Future Microbiol
  doi: 10.2217/fmb.11.84
– volume: 25
  start-page: 941
  issue: 8
  year: 2009
  ident: 595_CR53
  publication-title: Childs Nerv Syst
  doi: 10.1007/s00381-008-0785-3
– volume: 22
  start-page: 289
  issue: 3
  year: 2011
  ident: 595_CR19
  publication-title: Eur J Intern Med
  doi: 10.1016/j.ejim.2011.01.007.
– volume-title: Reported tuberculosis in the United States, 2015
  year: 2016
  ident: 595_CR16
– volume: 63
  start-page: e147
  issue: 7
  year: 2016
  ident: 595_CR56
  publication-title: Clin Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1093/cid/ciw376.
– ident: 595_CR43
– volume: 341
  start-page: c4451
  year: 2010
  ident: 595_CR68
  publication-title: BMJ
  doi: 10.1136/bmj.c4451
– volume: 68
  start-page: 195
  issue: 3
  year: 2014
  ident: 595_CR1
  publication-title: J Epidemiol Community Health
  doi: 10.1136/jech-2013-202525.
– volume: 52
  start-page: 226
  issue: 1
  year: 2014
  ident: 595_CR41
  publication-title: J Clin Microbiol
  doi: 10.1128/JCM.01834-13.
– volume: 114
  start-page: 639
  issue: 6
  year: 2012
  ident: 595_CR22
  publication-title: Clin Neurol Neurosurg
  doi: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2011.12.033
– volume: 50
  start-page: 1349
  issue: 10
  year: 2010
  ident: 595_CR50
  publication-title: Clin Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1086/652142.
– volume: 59
  start-page: 167
  issue: 3
  year: 2009
  ident: 595_CR58
  publication-title: J Inf Secur
  doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2009.06.011.
– volume: 5
  start-page: 1028
  issue: 11
  year: 2001
  ident: 595_CR65
  publication-title: Int J Tuberc Lung Dis
– volume: 55
  start-page: 3244
  issue: 7
  year: 2011
  ident: 595_CR63
  publication-title: Antimicrob Agents Chemother
  doi: 10.1128/AAC.00064-11.
– volume: 64
  start-page: 580
  issue: 6
  year: 2012
  ident: 595_CR39
  publication-title: J Inf Secur
  doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2012.02.012.
– ident: 595_CR46
– volume: 123
  start-page: e1
  issue: 1
  year: 2009
  ident: 595_CR7
  publication-title: Pediatrics
  doi: 10.1542/peds.2008-1353
– start-page: 1135
  volume-title: Handbook of clinical neurology. Elsevier
  year: 2013
  ident: 595_CR11
– volume: 23
  start-page: 471
  issue: 6
  year: 2004
  ident: 595_CR33
  publication-title: Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1007/s10096-004-1110-z.
– volume: 27
  start-page: 2577
  issue: 16
  year: 2013
  ident: 595_CR83
  publication-title: AIDS
  doi: 10.1097/01.aids.0000432456.14099.c7.
– volume: 182
  start-page: 569
  issue: 4
  year: 2010
  ident: 595_CR49
  publication-title: Am J Respir Crit Care Med
  doi: 10.1164/rccm.200912-1931OC.
– volume: 157
  start-page: 313
  issue: 5
  year: 2012
  ident: 595_CR99
  publication-title: Ann Intern Med
  doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-157-5-201209040-00004.
– volume: 293
  start-page: 12
  issue: 1–2
  year: 2010
  ident: 595_CR74
  publication-title: J Neurol Sci
  doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2010.03.025.
– volume: 32
  start-page: 39
  year: 2015
  ident: 595_CR89
  publication-title: Int J Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2014.12.030.
– volume: 42
  start-page: 378
  issue: 1
  year: 2004
  ident: 595_CR28
  publication-title: J Clin Microbiol
  doi: 10.1128/JCM.42.1.378-379.2004
– volume: 290
  start-page: 27
  issue: 1–2
  year: 2010
  ident: 595_CR13
  publication-title: J Neurol Sci
  doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2009.12.012.
– volume: 340
  start-page: 26
  issue: 1–2
  year: 2014
  ident: 595_CR91
  publication-title: J Neurol Sci
  doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2014.03.025.
– volume: 3
  start-page: 633
  issue: 10
  year: 2003
  ident: 595_CR34
  publication-title: Lancet Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(03)00772-2
– ident: 595_CR59
– volume: 365
  start-page: 1492
  issue: 16
  year: 2011
  ident: 595_CR96
  publication-title: N Engl J Med
  doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1014181.
– volume: 55
  start-page: 275
  issue: 4
  year: 2006
  ident: 595_CR20
  publication-title: Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2006.01.027
– volume: 52
  start-page: 1374
  issue: 11
  year: 2011
  ident: 595_CR100
  publication-title: Clin Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1093/cid/cir230
– volume: 42
  start-page: 198
  issue: 3
  year: 2010
  ident: 595_CR32
  publication-title: Scand J Infect Dis
  doi: 10.3109/00365540903428158.
– ident: 595_CR5
– volume: 13
  start-page: 27
  issue: 1
  year: 2013
  ident: 595_CR62
  publication-title: Lancet Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(12)70264-5
– volume: 20
  start-page: 494
  issue: 4
  year: 2016
  ident: 595_CR51
  publication-title: Int J Tuberc Lung Dis
  doi: 10.5588/ijtld.15.0600.
– volume: 13
  start-page: 269
  issue: 2
  year: 2009
  ident: 595_CR79
  publication-title: Int J Tuberc Lung Dis
– volume: 13
  start-page: 722
  issue: 6
  year: 2009
  ident: 595_CR9
  publication-title: Int J Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2008.11.013.
– volume: 16
  start-page: 793
  issue: 6
  year: 2012
  ident: 595_CR21
  publication-title: Int J Tuberc Lung Dis
  doi: 10.5588/ijtld.11.0687.
– volume: 30
  start-page: 123
  issue: 1
  year: 2017
  ident: 595_CR14
  publication-title: Curr Opin Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000000331.
– volume: 59
  start-page: 1638
  issue: 11
  year: 2014
  ident: 595_CR86
  publication-title: Clin Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1093/cid/ciu641.
– volume: 15
  start-page: 910
  issue: 8
  year: 2010
  ident: 595_CR24
  publication-title: Tropical Med Int Health
  doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2010.02565.x.
– volume: 53
  start-page: 915
  issue: 9
  year: 2011
  ident: 595_CR60
  publication-title: Clin Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1093/cid/cir508.
– volume: 362
  start-page: 697
  issue: 8
  year: 2010
  ident: 595_CR95
  publication-title: N Engl J Med
  doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0905848.
– volume: 9
  start-page: CD012091
  year: 2016
  ident: 595_CR66
  publication-title: Cochrane Database Syst Rev
  doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD012091.pub2.
– volume: 62
  start-page: 1133
  issue: 9
  year: 2016
  ident: 595_CR45
  publication-title: Clin Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1093/cid/ciw083
– volume: 363
  start-page: 1005
  issue: 11
  year: 2010
  ident: 595_CR37
  publication-title: N Engl J Med
  doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0907847.
– ident: 595_CR47
– volume: 10
  start-page: e1001536
  issue: 10
  year: 2013
  ident: 595_CR40
  publication-title: PLoS Med
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001536.
– volume: 34
  start-page: 103
  issue: 1
  year: 2014
  ident: 595_CR82
  publication-title: Semin Neurol
  doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1372347.
– volume: 13
  start-page: 223
  issue: 3
  year: 2013
  ident: 595_CR72
  publication-title: Lancet Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(12)70321-3.
– volume: 2012
  start-page: 169028
  year: 2012
  ident: 595_CR18
  publication-title: ScientificWorldJournal
  doi: 10.1100/2012/169028.
– volume: 55
  start-page: 75
  issue: 1
  year: 2012
  ident: 595_CR10
  publication-title: Clin Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1093/cid/cis303
– volume: 7
  start-page: e38982
  issue: 6
  year: 2012
  ident: 595_CR54
  publication-title: PLoS One
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0038982.
– volume-title: Treatment of tuberculosis: guidelines
  year: 2010
  ident: 595_CR57
– volume: 12
  start-page: 105
  issue: 1
  year: 2008
  ident: 595_CR69
  publication-title: Int J Tuberc Lung Dis
– volume: 8
  start-page: 516
  issue: 8
  year: 2008
  ident: 595_CR94
  publication-title: Lancet Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(08)70184-1
– volume: 50
  start-page: 1166
  issue: 4
  year: 2012
  ident: 595_CR29
  publication-title: J Clin Microbiol
  doi: 10.1128/JCM.05756-11.
– volume: 38
  start-page: 199
  issue: 2
  year: 2004
  ident: 595_CR76
  publication-title: Clin Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1086/380644.
– volume: 9
  start-page: 267
  issue: 3
  year: 2012
  ident: 595_CR26
  publication-title: Curr HIV/AIDS Rep
  doi: 10.1007/s11904-012-0127-7.
– volume: 44
  start-page: 1029
  issue: 3
  year: 2006
  ident: 595_CR35
  publication-title: J Clin Microbiol
  doi: 10.1128/JCM.44.3.1029-1039.2006.
– volume: 326
  start-page: 668
  issue: 10
  year: 1992
  ident: 595_CR8
  publication-title: N Engl J Med
  doi: 10.1056/NEJM199203053261004.
– volume: 5
  start-page: e15664
  issue: 12
  year: 2010
  ident: 595_CR25
  publication-title: PLoS One
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0015664.
– volume: 44
  start-page: 435
  issue: 2
  year: 2014
  ident: 595_CR42
  publication-title: Eur Respir J
  doi: 10.1183/09031936.00007814
– volume: 14
  start-page: 1496
  issue: 11
  year: 2010
  ident: 595_CR80
  publication-title: Int J Tuberc Lung Dis
– volume: 11
  start-page: 605
  issue: 6
  year: 2013
  ident: 595_CR67
  publication-title: Expert Rev Anti-Infect Ther
  doi: 10.1586/eri.13.39.
– volume: 50
  start-page: 1532
  issue: 11
  year: 2010
  ident: 595_CR101
  publication-title: Clin Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1086/652652.
– volume: 92
  start-page: 274
  issue: 2
  year: 2015
  ident: 595_CR77
  publication-title: Am J Trop Med Hyg
  doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.14-0452.
– volume: 370
  start-page: 2487
  issue: 26
  year: 2014
  ident: 595_CR102
  publication-title: N Engl J Med
  doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1312884.
SSID ssj0020078
Score 2.3109043
SecondaryResourceType review_article
Snippet Purpose of Review As the most severe form of tuberculosis (TB), TB meningitis disproportionately affects developing countries and results in significant...
As the most severe form of tuberculosis (TB), TB meningitis disproportionately affects developing countries and results in significant morbidity and mortality....
SourceID proquest
pubmed
crossref
springer
SourceType Aggregation Database
Index Database
Enrichment Source
Publisher
StartPage 39
SubjectTerms Antiretroviral agents
Central Nervous System Infections (K Bloch
Developing countries
Disease detection
Disease management
Epidemiology
Infectious Diseases
LDCs
Medical diagnosis
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Meningitis
Nucleic acids
Section Editor
Topical Collection on Central Nervous System Infections
Tuberculosis
SummonAdditionalLinks – databaseName: Springer LINK Contemporary
  dbid: RSV
  link: http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV3dS8MwED90ivjit3M6ZYJPSqBL0yZ5FHH4siE6ZW8lSVMYjE7Wzb_fS7-mTAWFvvWa5nJJfr9wuTuAKy8OLQ85J9RKS1ioNJFKcZIo3g2MpYGhJi82wQcDMRrJxzKOO6tuu1cuyXynXga7IXa5i1ecICUICFuHDUQ74Vbj0_NrfcpyoJcnSaU-8XHvrVyZ3zXxFYxWGOaKdzQHnd7uv7q7Bzslx-zcFpNiH9ZsegBb_dKLfgjN4ULbmVlMptk46_RtUbRonB3BS-9-ePdAygIJxCDuzgmiu0ZG4cKmPK6ookgXND5M2UDSpKsVcwQoYVILD3dYPDskWiTcZ3GALUj_GBrpNLUn0PEV8kAvoVpQiXilhYmRSVEVMiliZXkLvGqkIlNmD3dFLCbRMu-xUzhChSOncMRacF1_8lakzvhNuF0Nf1SuoizCHnIfFQzw95f1a5z_zqmhUjtd5DLOFSglyjQLs9V_o0LIAElIC24qG31q_KeunP5J-gy2qTNyHp7YhsZ8trDnsGne0Wyzi3xqfgCcc9ix
  priority: 102
  providerName: Springer Nature
Title Tuberculosis Meningitis
URI https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11908-017-0595-4
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28895024
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1937364357
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1938195997
Volume 19
WOSCitedRecordID wos000411152300002&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights – providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: Health & Medical Collection (ProQuest)
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1534-3146
  dateEnd: 20171231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0020078
  issn: 1523-3847
  databaseCode: 7X7
  dateStart: 19990101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/healthcomplete
  providerName: ProQuest
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: ProQuest Central
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1534-3146
  dateEnd: 20171231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0020078
  issn: 1523-3847
  databaseCode: BENPR
  dateStart: 19990101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.proquest.com/central
  providerName: ProQuest
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: ProQuest Public Health Database
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1534-3146
  dateEnd: 20171231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0020078
  issn: 1523-3847
  databaseCode: 8C1
  dateStart: 19990101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/publichealth
  providerName: ProQuest
– providerCode: PRVAVX
  databaseName: SpringerLINK Contemporary 1997-Present
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1534-3146
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0020078
  issn: 1523-3847
  databaseCode: RSV
  dateStart: 19990201
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://link.springer.com/search?facet-content-type=%22Journal%22
  providerName: Springer Nature
link http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV3dS8MwED_Uifjit3N-jAk-KcEuTZfkSVQcvmwMv9hbSdIUBmObq_Xv95K1mzL0RSiFkjQJl-R-v-RyOYCLIGlZ3uKcUCstYS2liVSKk1TxZmQsjQw1PtgE73ZFvy97xYZbVhyrLHWiV9TJ2Lg98mskGjxE-Iz4zeSduKhRzrpahNBYhUqTBsxNTHE_P-LhtuG8KxwutkiIari0anrXOURCd4yLEyQYEWE_cWmJbC4ZSj3-tLf_2_Id2CqYZ-N2NlR2YcWO9mCjU9jW96H6kms7NflwnA2yRsfOQhkNsgN4bT-83D-SImwCMYjGHwQxX2N1zpkq4IoqiiRC48OUjSRNm1oxR4tSJrUIUO_iiiLVIuUhSyIsQYaHsDYaj-wRNEKF7DBIqRZUIoppYRLkV1S1mBSJsrwGQSm02BR3irvQFsN4cRuyk3OMco6dnGNWg8v5L5PZhRp_ZT4tRRoXcyuLF_Kswfk8GWeFM3WokR3nPo8zEEqJeaqzHpzXRoWQEVKTGlyVXfqt8N-acvx3U05gk7rB5L0UT2HtY5rbM1g3n9hP0zqs8j73b1H3Q7QOlbuHbu8Jv56e374AR3nneg
linkProvider ProQuest
linkToHtml http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V1LS8QwEB5ERb34fqzPFfSiBGu23SQHEVkVl33gYQVvNUlTWJBd3bqKf8rf6EwfqyJ68yD01jQNncl8XzovgD0vqjpRFYJxpxzzq9owpbVgsRbHgXU8sNymzSZEuy1vb9X1GLwVuTAUVlnYxNRQR31L_8iPkGiICsJnIE4fHhl1jSLvatFCI1OLhnt9wSNbclI_R_nuc3550aldsbyrALMIVk8MIdHgPJRr5AnNNUeMNXj52gWKx8dG-8QaYl8Z6aFZQsIdGxmLih8FOAMVX0KTP0GV7OiwJ2ujkBL67Zem3uHhjlXQ7Bde1DRVD5GXwsYEQ0ITMP8rDn4jt98csyneXc79ty81D7M5sy6fZVthAcZcbxGmWnnswBKsdobGDezwvp90k3LLZa2ausky3PzJslZgvNfvuTUoVzSyXy_mRnKFKG2kjZA_cl31lYy0EyXwCiGFNq-ZTq077sOPas8k1xDlGpJcQ78EB6NHHrKCIb8N3ixEGOa2Iwk_5FeC3dFt3PXkytE91x-mY8gBqhSOWc00ZvQ2LqUKkHqV4LBQoU-T_7SU9d-XsgPTV51WM2zW240NmOGkyGlG5iaMPw2Gbgsm7TPKbLCdboky3P21Zr0DOVg9SA
linkToPdf http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V1bS8MwFD7IlOGLd-e8TtAXJVjTdkkeRGQ6lLmxhwl7q0magiCbrk7xr_nrPOllU4Z724PQt6Zp6Dk935ecG8CRE1YNqzJGqBGGeFWpiJCSkUiyc18b6muqk2YTrNXi3a5oz8FXngtjwypzm5gY6rCv7Rn5GRIN5iJ84gY-ysIi2tf1y5dXYjtIWU9r3k4jVZGG-fzA7Vt8cXeNsj6mtH7Tqd2SrMMA0QhcbwThUeGcNu_IYZJKinir8PKk8QWNzpX0LIOIPKG4gyYKyXekeMRcL_RxBluICc3_PC7MteFkvDYKL7FHgEkaHm70iIsQkHtUk7Q9RGEbQsYIkhufeL8xcYLoTjhpE-yrL__nr7YCSxnjrlylv8gqzJneGhSbWUzBOpQ6Q2UGevjcj5_iStOkLZye4g14mMmyNqHQ6_fMFlRciazYiajiVCB6K65D5JVUVj3BQ2lYGZxcYIHOaqnblh7PwbgKtJVxgDIOrIwDrwwno0de0kIi0wbv5uIMMpsSB2NZluFwdButgXXxyJ7pD5Mx1jEqBI4ppdozehvlXPhIycpwmqvTj8n_Wsr29KUcQBEVKri_azV2YJFanU4SNXeh8DYYmj1Y0O8ossF-8ndU4HHWivUNL0RGDQ
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Tuberculosis+Meningitis&rft.jtitle=Current+infectious+disease+reports&rft.au=Bourgi%2C+Kassem&rft.au=Fiske%2C+Christina&rft.au=Sterling%2C+Timothy+R&rft.date=2017-11-01&rft.issn=1523-3847&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=39&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11908-017-0595-4&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F28895024&rft.externalDocID=28895024
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=1523-3847&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=1523-3847&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=1523-3847&client=summon