Why a Right to Explanation of Automated Decision-Making Does Not Exist in the General Data Protection Regulation

In recent months, researchers, government bodies, and the media have claimed that a ‘right to explanation’ of decisions made by automated and artificially intelligent algorithmic systems is legally mandated by the forthcoming European Union General Data Protection Regulation 2016/679 (GDPR). The rig...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	International data privacy law Vol. 7; no. 2; pp. 76 - 99
Main Authors:	Wachter, Sandra, Mittelstadt, Brent, Floridi, Luciano
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Oxford Oxford University Press 01.05.2017 Oxford Publishing Limited (England)
Subjects:	Accountability Algorithms Artificial intelligence Automation Civil rights Data security Decision making Ethics European Community law Feedback General Data Protection Regulation Internet Interpretation and construction Laws, regulations and rules Libraries Machine learning Political aspects Technology application Transparency Europe
ISSN:	2044-3994, 2044-4001
Online Access:	Get full text
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Abstract	In recent months, researchers, government bodies, and the media have claimed that a ‘right to explanation’ of decisions made by automated and artificially intelligent algorithmic systems is legally mandated by the forthcoming European Union General Data Protection Regulation 2016/679 (GDPR). The right to explanation is viewed as a promising mechanism in the broader pursuit by government and industry for accountability and transparency in algorithms, artificial intelligence, robotics, and other automated systems. However, there are several reasons to doubt the existence, scope, and feasibility of a ‘right to explanation’ of automated decisions. In this article, we examine the legal status of the ‘right to explanation’ in the GDPR, and identify several barriers undermining its implementation. We argue that the GDPR does not, in its current form, implement a right to explanation, but rather what we term a limited ‘right to be informed’.
AbstractList	In recent months, researchers, government bodies, and the media have claimed that a ‘right to explanation’ of decisions made by automated and artificially intelligent algorithmic systems is legally mandated by the forthcoming European Union General Data Protection Regulation 2016/679 (GDPR). The right to explanation is viewed as a promising mechanism in the broader pursuit by government and industry for accountability and transparency in algorithms, artificial intelligence, robotics, and other automated systems. However, there are several reasons to doubt the existence, scope, and feasibility of a ‘right to explanation’ of automated decisions. In this article, we examine the legal status of the ‘right to explanation’ in the GDPR, and identify several barriers undermining its implementation. We argue that the GDPR does not, in its current form, implement a right to explanation, but rather what we term a limited ‘right to be informed’.
Audience	Professional
Author	Wachter, Sandra Floridi, Luciano Mittelstadt, Brent
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Sandra surname: Wachter fullname: Wachter, Sandra email: sandra.wachter22@gmail.com – sequence: 2 givenname: Brent surname: Mittelstadt fullname: Mittelstadt, Brent – sequence: 3 givenname: Luciano surname: Floridi fullname: Floridi, Luciano
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SubjectTerms	Accountability Algorithms Artificial intelligence Automation Civil rights Data security Decision making Ethics European Community law Feedback General Data Protection Regulation Internet Interpretation and construction Laws, regulations and rules Libraries Machine learning Political aspects Technology application Transparency
Title	Why a Right to Explanation of Automated Decision-Making Does Not Exist in the General Data Protection Regulation
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