Zika virus: Molecular responses and tissue tropism in the mammalian host

Summary Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreaks have raised alarm because of reports of congenital Zika virus syndrome in infants. The virus is also known to cause the debilitating Guillain–Barré syndrome in adults. As a result, extensive research has been carried out on the virus over the past few years. To st...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Reviews in medical virology Vol. 29; no. 4; pp. e2050 - n/a
Main Authors: Shaily, Sangya, Upadhya, Archana
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: England Wiley Periodicals Inc 01.07.2019
Subjects:
Animal models
Animals
Disease Models, Animal
Host-Pathogen Interactions
Humans
Infants
Infectivity
Mammals
Models, Theoretical
Outbreaks
pathophysiology
Placenta
research models
Teratogenicity
tissue tropism
Tropism
Viral Tropism
Zika virus
Zika Virus - growth & development
Zika Virus Infection - pathology
Zika Virus Infection - virology
tissue tropism
Zika virus
pathophysiology
research models
ISSN:1052-9276, 1099-1654, 1099-1654
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Summary Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreaks have raised alarm because of reports of congenital Zika virus syndrome in infants. The virus is also known to cause the debilitating Guillain–Barré syndrome in adults. As a result, extensive research has been carried out on the virus over the past few years. To study the molecular responses of viral infectivity in mammals, in vitro two‐dimensional and three‐dimensional cellular models have been employed. The in vivo models of mouse, pig, chicken, and nonhuman primates are primarily used to investigate the teratogenicity of the virus, to study effects of the virus on specific tissues, and to study the systemic effects of a proposed antiviral agent. The virus exhibits wide tissue tropism in the mammalian host. The major host tissues of viral persistence and propagation are neural tissue, ocular tissue, testicular tissue and placental tissue. An understanding of the function of viral components, viral replication cycle, and the molecular responses elicited in the host tissues is imperative for designing antiviral treatment strategies and for development of vaccines. This review provides an update on ZIKV research models and mammalian host responses with respect to ZIKV tissue infection.
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ISSN:1052-9276
1099-1654
1099-1654
DOI:10.1002/rmv.2050