Improving Automated Programming Assessments: User Experience Evaluation Using FaSt-generator
Automatic Programming Assessment (APA) has been known as a method used to automatically mark and grade students’ programming solutions. In order to realise APA as a tangible deliverable, a number of automated tools which are called Automated Programming Assessment Systems (APAS) have been developed...
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| Published in: | Procedia computer science Vol. 72; pp. 186 - 193 |
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| Main Authors: | , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier B.V
2015
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| ISSN: | 1877-0509, 1877-0509 |
| Online Access: | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Automatic Programming Assessment (APA) has been known as a method used to automatically mark and grade students’ programming solutions. In order to realise APA as a tangible deliverable, a number of automated tools which are called Automated Programming Assessment Systems (APAS) have been developed and tested for decades. Basically, the need for decreasing the load of work among lecturers, timely feedback to students and accuracy on the grading results are the common reasons that motivate the need for APAS. In order to carry out a dynamic testing in APA, it is necessary to prepare an appropriate and adequate set of test data to judge the correctness quality of students’ programming solutions in terms of the aspects of functional and/or structural testing. Manual preparation of quality test data becomes a hard, time consuming, and feasible task in the practice of both software testing and APA. Thus, the generation of automated test data is highly desirable to alleviate the humans’ burden from performing repetitive tasks. This paper aims to describe the design, implementation and user experience when evaluating a tool developed to support APA as a test data generator that is called FaSt-generator. The tool plays an important role to furnish a test set that includes an adequate set of test data to execute both the functional and structural testing in APA. Results collected from the conducted user experience evaluation using FaSt-generator reveal that all the subjects had relatively positive opinions and greatly favour the criteria of User Perception and End-User Computing Satisfaction (EUCS). |
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| AbstractList | Automatic Programming Assessment (APA) has been known as a method used to automatically mark and grade students’ programming solutions. In order to realise APA as a tangible deliverable, a number of automated tools which are called Automated Programming Assessment Systems (APAS) have been developed and tested for decades. Basically, the need for decreasing the load of work among lecturers, timely feedback to students and accuracy on the grading results are the common reasons that motivate the need for APAS. In order to carry out a dynamic testing in APA, it is necessary to prepare an appropriate and adequate set of test data to judge the correctness quality of students’ programming solutions in terms of the aspects of functional and/or structural testing. Manual preparation of quality test data becomes a hard, time consuming, and feasible task in the practice of both software testing and APA. Thus, the generation of automated test data is highly desirable to alleviate the humans’ burden from performing repetitive tasks. This paper aims to describe the design, implementation and user experience when evaluating a tool developed to support APA as a test data generator that is called FaSt-generator. The tool plays an important role to furnish a test set that includes an adequate set of test data to execute both the functional and structural testing in APA. Results collected from the conducted user experience evaluation using FaSt-generator reveal that all the subjects had relatively positive opinions and greatly favour the criteria of User Perception and End-User Computing Satisfaction (EUCS). |
| Author | Sulaiman, Shahida Romli, Rohaida Zamli, Kamal Zuhairi |
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| References | Choy M, Nazir U, Poon CK and Yu YT. Experiences in Using an Automated System for Improving Students’ of Computer Programming. Lecture Notes in Computer Science Learning. Springer Berlin/Heidelberg; 2005, p. 267-272. Jackson D and Usher M. Grading Student Programs using ASSYST. In Proceedings of the 28 Tremblay G, Gúerin F, Pons A, and Salah A. Oto, A Generic and Extensible Tool for Marking Programming Assignments. ACM Annual Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education (ITiCSE’12), Haifa, Israel; 2012, p. 192-197. 2005; 37(3): 9-13. Doll WJ, and Torkzadeh G. The Measurement of End-User Computing Satisfaction Sherman M, Bassil S, Lipman D, Tuck N and Martin F. Impact of Auto-Grading on an Introductory Computing Course. 2004; 3(2): 267-288. Edition. Pearson Education, Inc: USA; 2003. Higgins CA, Gray G, Symeonidis P, and Tsintsifas A. Automated Assessment and Experiences of Teaching Programming. Romli R, Sulaiman S, and Zamli KZ. (2014), Test Data Generation Framework for Automatic Programming Assessment, Proceeding of 8th Malaysian Software Engineering Conference 2014 (MySEC’14), Langkawi, Malaysia. Queiros R and Leal JS. PETCHA- A Programming Exercises Teaching Assistant. In Proceeding of the 17 Malmi L, Saikkonen R and Korhonen A. Experiences in Automatic Assessment on Mass Courses and Issues for Designing Virtual Courses. In Proceedings of The 7 Romli R, Sulaiman S, and Zamli KZ. (2013), Designing a Test Set for Structural Testing in Automatic Programming Assessment, International Journal of Advances in Soft Computing and Its Application (Special Issues on Application of Soft Computing in Software Engineering) 2013; 5(3): 41-64. Romli R, Sulaiman S, and Zamli KZ. Test Data Generation in Automatic Programming Assessment: The Design of Test Set Schema for Functional Testing. Proceeding of 2nd International Conference on Advancements in Computing Technology (ICACT’11), Jeju Island, South Korea; 2011, p. 1078-1082. Koli Calling International Conference on Computing Education Research; 2010, p. 86-93. Davis FD. User Acceptance of Information Technology: System Characteristics, User Perceptions and Behavioural impacts. 2005; 42(D): 23-40. 2 Blumenstein M, Green S, Nguyen A and Muthukkumarasamy V. GAME: A Generic Automated Marking Environment for Programming Assessment. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Technology: Coding and Computing (ITCC’04); 2004, Vol. 2, p. 212-216. 1999; 29(8): 721-740. McGraw-Hill/Osborne, California: USA; 2003. Ihantola P. Automatic Test Data Generation for Programming Exercises with Symbolic Execution and Java PathFinder. Master Thesis of Helsinki University of Technology, Finland; 2006. Auffarth B, Lopez-Sanchez M, Miralles JC, and Puig A. System for Automated Assistance in Correction of Programming Exercises (SAC). In Proceedings of the fifth CIDUI – V International Congress of University Teaching and Innovation; 2008. International Symposium on Principles and Practice of Programming in Java (PPPJ’07), Lisboa, Portugal; 2007, p. 3-12. Malmi L, Karavirta V, Korhonen A, Nikander J, Seppala O and Silvasti P. Visual Algorithm Simulation Exercise System with Automatic Assessment: TRAKLA2. Conallen J. Ajzen I, and Fishbein M. 1993; 38 (3): 475-487. 2008; 38 (3): 307-333. Venkatesh V, Morris MG, Davis GB, and Davis FD. (2003). User acceptance of information technology: toward a unified view. Journal MIS Quarterly 2003; 27 (3): 425-478. Roff JT. 2011; 54(4): 576-581. Shukur Z, Romli R and Hamdan AB. Skema Penjanaan Data dan Pemberat Ujian Berasaskan Kaedah Analisis Nilai Sempadan (A Schema of Generating Test Data and Test Weight Based on Boundary Value Analysis Technique). Annual Fall Conference on SIGUCCS, Norfolk, VA, USA; 2010, p. 181-186. Luck M and Joy MS. Secure On-line Submission System. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs: NJ; 1980. SIGCSE Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education; 1997, p. 35-339. 2003; 28(6): 69-75. Tillmann N, Halleux JD, Xie T, Gulwani S and Bishop J. Teaching and Learning Programming and Software Engineering via Interactive Gaming. In Proceedings of the 2013 International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE’13), San Francisco,CA, USA; 2013, p. 1117-1126. Shamsi FA and Elnagar A. An Intelligent Assessment Tool for Students’ Java Submissions in Introductory Programming Courses. 2012; 4(1): 59-69. Gotel O, Scharff C and Wildenberg A. Extending and Contributing to an Open Source Web-Based System for the Assessment of Programming Problems. In Proceedings of the 5 2006; 5(3): Article 5. Quarterly 1988; 12 (2): 259-274. Nunome A, Hirata H, Fukuzawa M and Shibayama K. Development of an E-learning Back-end System for Code Assessment in Elementary Programming Practice. In Proceeding of the 38 Annual Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education (ITiCSE’ 02), Aarhus Denmark; 2002, p. 55-59. Aleman JLF. Automated Assessment in Programming Tools Course. Ihantola P, Ahoniemi T, and Karavirta V. Review of Recent Systems for Automatic Assessment of Programming Assignments. In Proceedings of the 10 Truong N, Bancroft P and Roe P. Learning to Program Through the Web. 10.1016/j.procs.2015.12.120_bib0135 10.1016/j.procs.2015.12.120_bib0015 10.1016/j.procs.2015.12.120_bib0115 10.1016/j.procs.2015.12.120_bib0010 10.1016/j.procs.2015.12.120_bib0055 10.1016/j.procs.2015.12.120_bib0110 10.1016/j.procs.2015.12.120_bib0035 10.1016/j.procs.2015.12.120_bib0050 10.1016/j.procs.2015.12.120_bib0095 10.1016/j.procs.2015.12.120_bib0030 10.1016/j.procs.2015.12.120_bib0075 10.1016/j.procs.2015.12.120_bib0130 10.1016/j.procs.2015.12.120_bib0090 10.1016/j.procs.2015.12.120_bib0070 10.1016/j.procs.2015.12.120_bib0025 10.1016/j.procs.2015.12.120_bib0125 10.1016/j.procs.2015.12.120_bib0005 10.1016/j.procs.2015.12.120_bib0105 10.1016/j.procs.2015.12.120_bib0065 10.1016/j.procs.2015.12.120_bib0120 10.1016/j.procs.2015.12.120_bib0045 10.1016/j.procs.2015.12.120_bib0100 10.1016/j.procs.2015.12.120_bib0145 10.1016/j.procs.2015.12.120_bib0040 10.1016/j.procs.2015.12.120_bib0085 10.1016/j.procs.2015.12.120_bib0140 10.1016/j.procs.2015.12.120_bib0020 10.1016/j.procs.2015.12.120_bib0080 10.1016/j.procs.2015.12.120_bib0060 |
| References_xml | – reference: SIGCSE Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education; 1997, p. 35-339. – reference: ACM Annual Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education (ITiCSE’12), Haifa, Israel; 2012, p. 192-197. – reference: Aleman JLF. Automated Assessment in Programming Tools Course. – reference: . McGraw-Hill/Osborne, California: USA; 2003. – reference: Venkatesh V, Morris MG, Davis GB, and Davis FD. (2003). User acceptance of information technology: toward a unified view. Journal MIS Quarterly 2003; 27 (3): 425-478. – reference: 2006; 5(3): Article 5. – reference: Romli R, Sulaiman S, and Zamli KZ. (2014), Test Data Generation Framework for Automatic Programming Assessment, Proceeding of 8th Malaysian Software Engineering Conference 2014 (MySEC’14), Langkawi, Malaysia. – reference: Ajzen I, and Fishbein M. – reference: Jackson D and Usher M. Grading Student Programs using ASSYST. In Proceedings of the 28 – reference: 2008; 38 (3): 307-333. – reference: 2004; 3(2): 267-288. – reference: 1999; 29(8): 721-740. – reference: Sherman M, Bassil S, Lipman D, Tuck N and Martin F. Impact of Auto-Grading on an Introductory Computing Course. – reference: Quarterly 1988; 12 (2): 259-274. – reference: Malmi L, Saikkonen R and Korhonen A. Experiences in Automatic Assessment on Mass Courses and Issues for Designing Virtual Courses. In Proceedings of The 7 – reference: Malmi L, Karavirta V, Korhonen A, Nikander J, Seppala O and Silvasti P. Visual Algorithm Simulation Exercise System with Automatic Assessment: TRAKLA2. – reference: . 2 – reference: 2011; 54(4): 576-581. – reference: 2005; 42(D): 23-40. – reference: Annual Fall Conference on SIGUCCS, Norfolk, VA, USA; 2010, p. 181-186. – reference: Truong N, Bancroft P and Roe P. Learning to Program Through the Web. – reference: Tillmann N, Halleux JD, Xie T, Gulwani S and Bishop J. Teaching and Learning Programming and Software Engineering via Interactive Gaming. In Proceedings of the 2013 International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE’13), San Francisco,CA, USA; 2013, p. 1117-1126. – reference: Choy M, Nazir U, Poon CK and Yu YT. Experiences in Using an Automated System for Improving Students’ of Computer Programming. Lecture Notes in Computer Science Learning. Springer Berlin/Heidelberg; 2005, p. 267-272. – reference: Nunome A, Hirata H, Fukuzawa M and Shibayama K. Development of an E-learning Back-end System for Code Assessment in Elementary Programming Practice. In Proceeding of the 38 – reference: Romli R, Sulaiman S, and Zamli KZ. (2013), Designing a Test Set for Structural Testing in Automatic Programming Assessment, International Journal of Advances in Soft Computing and Its Application (Special Issues on Application of Soft Computing in Software Engineering) 2013; 5(3): 41-64. – reference: Doll WJ, and Torkzadeh G. The Measurement of End-User Computing Satisfaction, – reference: Queiros R and Leal JS. PETCHA- A Programming Exercises Teaching Assistant. In Proceeding of the 17 – reference: Shamsi FA and Elnagar A. An Intelligent Assessment Tool for Students’ Java Submissions in Introductory Programming Courses. – reference: Tremblay G, Gúerin F, Pons A, and Salah A. Oto, A Generic and Extensible Tool for Marking Programming Assignments. – reference: Edition. Pearson Education, Inc: USA; 2003. – reference: Shukur Z, Romli R and Hamdan AB. Skema Penjanaan Data dan Pemberat Ujian Berasaskan Kaedah Analisis Nilai Sempadan (A Schema of Generating Test Data and Test Weight Based on Boundary Value Analysis Technique). – reference: 1993; 38 (3): 475-487. – reference: Romli R, Sulaiman S, and Zamli KZ. Test Data Generation in Automatic Programming Assessment: The Design of Test Set Schema for Functional Testing. Proceeding of 2nd International Conference on Advancements in Computing Technology (ICACT’11), Jeju Island, South Korea; 2011, p. 1078-1082. – reference: . Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs: NJ; 1980. – reference: Roff JT. – reference: Blumenstein M, Green S, Nguyen A and Muthukkumarasamy V. GAME: A Generic Automated Marking Environment for Programming Assessment. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Technology: Coding and Computing (ITCC’04); 2004, Vol. 2, p. 212-216. – reference: Higgins CA, Gray G, Symeonidis P, and Tsintsifas A. Automated Assessment and Experiences of Teaching Programming. – reference: Luck M and Joy MS. Secure On-line Submission System. – reference: Annual Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education (ITiCSE’ 02), Aarhus Denmark; 2002, p. 55-59. – reference: Davis FD. User Acceptance of Information Technology: System Characteristics, User Perceptions and Behavioural impacts. – reference: 2005; 37(3): 9-13. – reference: 2003; 28(6): 69-75. – reference: Auffarth B, Lopez-Sanchez M, Miralles JC, and Puig A. System for Automated Assistance in Correction of Programming Exercises (SAC). In Proceedings of the fifth CIDUI – V International Congress of University Teaching and Innovation; 2008. – reference: Conallen J. – reference: Koli Calling International Conference on Computing Education Research; 2010, p. 86-93. – reference: Ihantola P. Automatic Test Data Generation for Programming Exercises with Symbolic Execution and Java PathFinder. Master Thesis of Helsinki University of Technology, Finland; 2006. – reference: 2012; 4(1): 59-69. – reference: Ihantola P, Ahoniemi T, and Karavirta V. Review of Recent Systems for Automatic Assessment of Programming Assignments. In Proceedings of the 10 – reference: International Symposium on Principles and Practice of Programming in Java (PPPJ’07), Lisboa, Portugal; 2007, p. 3-12. – reference: Gotel O, Scharff C and Wildenberg A. Extending and Contributing to an Open Source Web-Based System for the Assessment of Programming Problems. 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