Tracking Students' Cognitive Processes During Program Debugging-An Eye-Movement Approach

This study explores students' cognitive processes while debugging programs by using an eye tracker. Students' eye movements during debugging were recorded by an eye tracker to investigate whether and how high- and low-performance students act differently during debugging. Thirty-eight comp...

Celý popis

Uloženo v:

Podrobná bibliografie
Vydáno v:	IEEE transactions on education Ročník 59; číslo 3; s. 175 - 186
Hlavní autoři:	Lin, Yu-Tzu, Wu, Cheng-Chih, Hou, Ting-Yun, Lin, Yu-Chih, Yang, Fang-Ying, Chang, Chia-Hu
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	New York IEEE 01.08.2016 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Témata:	C (programming language) Cognition Cognition analysis Cognitive Processes Computer bugs Computer Science Education Computer Software Debugging Eye Movements eye-movement analysis Eyes Foreign Countries Logic Logical Thinking Majors (Students) Manuals program debugging Programming programming instruction Programming Languages Programming profession Protocol Analysis Sequential analysis Sequential Learning Strategy Students Tracking Troubleshooting Undergraduate Students Taiwan
ISSN:	0018-9359, 1557-9638
On-line přístup:	Získat plný text
Tagy:	Přidat tag Žádné tagy, Buďte první, kdo vytvoří štítek k tomuto záznamu!

Abstract	This study explores students' cognitive processes while debugging programs by using an eye tracker. Students' eye movements during debugging were recorded by an eye tracker to investigate whether and how high- and low-performance students act differently during debugging. Thirty-eight computer science undergraduates were asked to debug two C programs. The path of students' gaze while following program codes was subjected to sequential analysis to reveal significant sequences of areas examined. These significant gaze path sequences were then compared to those of students with different debugging performances. The results show that, when debugging, high-performance students traced programs in a more logical manner, whereas low-performance students tended to stick to a line-by-line sequence and were unable to quickly derive the program's higher-level logic. Low-performance students also often jumped directly to certain suspected statements to find bugs, without following the program's logic. They also often needed to trace back to prior statements to recall information, and spent more time on manual computation. Based on the research results, adaptive instructional strategies and materials can be developed for students of different performance levels, to improve associated cognitive activities during debugging, which can foster learning during debugging and programming.
AbstractList	This study explores students' cognitive processes while debugging programs by using an eye tracker. Students' eye movements during debugging were recorded by an eye tracker to investigate whether and how high- and low-performance students act differently during debugging. Thirty-eight computer science undergraduates were asked to debug two C programs. The path of students' gaze while following program codes was subjected to sequential analysis to reveal significant sequences of areas examined. These significant gaze path sequences were then compared to those of students with different debugging performances. The results show that, when debugging, high-performance students traced programs in a more logical manner, whereas low-performance students tended to stick to a line-by-line sequence and were unable to quickly derive the program's higher-level logic. Low-performance students also often jumped directly to certain suspected statements to find bugs, without following the program's logic. They also often needed to trace back to prior statements to recall information, and spent more time on manual computation. Based on the research results, adaptive instructional strategies and materials can be developed for students of different performance levels, to improve associated cognitive activities during debugging, which can foster learning during debugging and programming.
Audience	Higher Education Postsecondary Education
Author	Yu-Tzu Lin Fang-Ying Yang Yu-Chih Lin Ting-Yun Hou Chia-Hu Chang Cheng-Chih Wu
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Yu-Tzu surname: Lin fullname: Lin, Yu-Tzu – sequence: 2 givenname: Cheng-Chih surname: Wu fullname: Wu, Cheng-Chih – sequence: 3 givenname: Ting-Yun surname: Hou fullname: Hou, Ting-Yun – sequence: 4 givenname: Yu-Chih surname: Lin fullname: Lin, Yu-Chih – sequence: 5 givenname: Fang-Ying surname: Yang fullname: Yang, Fang-Ying – sequence: 6 givenname: Chia-Hu surname: Chang fullname: Chang, Chia-Hu
BackLink	http://eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/detail?accno=EJ1142804$$DView record in ERIC
BookMark	eNp1kc9rFDEUx4NUcLt69iDCgAe9zDY_J8lx2Y62UlFwBW8hk3kzpu4m22Sm0P_eLFs9FDw98t7n85LwPUdnIQZA6DXBK0Kwvti2K4qJWFGuJOPkGVoQIWStG6bO0AJjomrNhH6BznO-LUcuqFign9tk3W8fxur7NPcQpvy-2sQx-MnfQ_UtRQc5Q64u53SESmNMdl9dQjePY-nU61C1D1B_ifewL3q1PhxStO7XS_R8sLsMrx7rEv342G43V_XN10_Xm_VN7TjhU91jyhopuqEHLJSw2klrGyIY7QQMTNqe9FKTobNksAq449TRxmFFtbIad2yJPpz2lmvvZsiT2fvsYLezAeKcDVFMNBI3pS7RuyfobZxTKK8rFFaaUCl5od6eKEjemUPye5seTPuZEE4VPs7Fae5SzDnBYJyf7ORjmJL1O0OwOeZhtq055mEe8yjexRPv7-7_G29OhgeAf7RkhIrymz_5QpUq
CODEN	IEEDAB
CitedBy_id	crossref_primary_10_30935_cedtech_6196 crossref_primary_10_3390_su131911058 crossref_primary_10_37291_2717638X_20201132 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10639_023_11955_7 crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2021_3107795 crossref_primary_10_1145_3589004 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10212_020_00461_w crossref_primary_10_1109_TLT_2019_2911832 crossref_primary_10_1145_3397495 crossref_primary_10_3390_s20071917 crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2024_3509641 crossref_primary_10_1177_07356331221133560 crossref_primary_10_1111_cogs_12893 crossref_primary_10_1080_08993408_2024_2305026 crossref_primary_10_3390_educsci12040271 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10639_022_11343_7 crossref_primary_10_1145_3690652 crossref_primary_10_1007_s42979_024_03045_3 crossref_primary_10_1109_MPRV_2019_2941929 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11042_018_5754_6 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10209_023_01083_x crossref_primary_10_1109_TSE_2017_2655524 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jss_2024_112276 crossref_primary_10_1111_1556_4029_14970 crossref_primary_10_3389_fnhum_2024_1347974 crossref_primary_10_1080_0144929X_2021_1933182 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11251_018_9453_5 crossref_primary_10_1108_ITSE_01_2024_0015
Cites_doi	10.1080/08993400500056530 10.1037/1076-898X.11.4.237 10.1145/1151954.1067472 10.2190/GUJT-JCBJ-Q6QU-Q9PL 10.1207/s15327051hci0102_4 10.1016/0020-7373(89)90002-3 10.1080/08993400802114508 10.1016/S0020-7373(83)80031-5 10.1109/TSE.1984.5010283 10.1006/jecp.1997.2397 10.1145/2568225.2568247 10.1145/2168556.2168642 10.1109/WPC.2001.921715 10.1145/1352322.1352191 10.1006/imms.1993.1061 10.1016/j.compedu.2014.11.021 10.1109/2.48797 10.1080/08886504.1997.10782199 10.1145/2632320.2632344 10.1016/j.compedu.2011.08.015 10.1145/2094131.2094133 10.1007/BF00977789 10.1145/2578153.2578218 10.1016/S0020-7373(77)80039-4 10.1145/182.358436 10.1016/j.chb.2008.12.021 10.1016/S0740-8188(00)00051-7 10.1016/j.compedu.2011.07.012 10.1037/0096-3445.128.3.309 10.1027/1614-0001/a000052 10.1016/S0020-7373(86)80083-9 10.1145/1117309.1117356 10.1016/j.edurev.2013.10.001 10.1109/ICPC.2015.36 10.1177/001872087401600308 10.1016/j.learninstruc.2009.02.013 10.1007/978-3-642-39473-7_93 10.1145/1344471.1344497 10.1207/s15516709cog1904_3 10.1016/j.ijhcs.2011.09.003 10.2190/FGN9-DJ2F-86V8-3FAU 10.1207/s1532799xssr1003_3 10.1145/1117309.1117357 10.1016/j.compedu.2011.02.012 10.1109/32.508315 10.1016/S0160-2896(03)00052-7 10.1145/1821996.1821998 10.1023/A:1015362608943 10.1145/1562877.1562927 10.1016/j.learninstruc.2009.02.019 10.1080/08993400802114698 10.1145/358557.358577
ContentType	Journal Article
Copyright	Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) 2016
Copyright_xml	– notice: Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) 2016
DBID	97E RIA RIE AAYXX CITATION 7SW BJH BNH BNI BNJ BNO ERI PET REK WWN 7SC 7SP 7TB 8FD FR3 JQ2 KR7 L7M L~C L~D F28
DOI	10.1109/TE.2015.2487341
DatabaseName	IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 2005–Present IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 1998–Present IEEE Electronic Library (IEL) CrossRef ERIC ERIC (Ovid) ERIC ERIC ERIC (Legacy Platform) ERIC( SilverPlatter ) ERIC ERIC PlusText (Legacy Platform) Education Resources Information Center (ERIC) ERIC Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Electronics & Communications Abstracts Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts Technology Research Database Engineering Research Database ProQuest Computer Science Collection Civil Engineering Abstracts Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Academic Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Professional ANTE: Abstracts in New Technology & Engineering
DatabaseTitle	CrossRef ERIC Civil Engineering Abstracts Technology Research Database Computer and Information Systems Abstracts – Academic Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts Electronics & Communications Abstracts ProQuest Computer Science Collection Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Engineering Research Database Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Professional ANTE: Abstracts in New Technology & Engineering
DatabaseTitleList	ERIC Civil Engineering Abstracts Civil Engineering Abstracts
Database_xml	– sequence: 1 dbid: RIE name: IEEE Electronic Library (IEL) url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ sourceTypes: Publisher
DeliveryMethod	fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline	Engineering Education
EISSN	1557-9638
ERIC	EJ1142804
EndPage	186
ExternalDocumentID	4137970771 EJ1142804 10_1109_TE_2015_2487341 7312518
Genre	orig-research
GeographicLocations	Taiwan
GeographicLocations_xml	– name: Taiwan
GroupedDBID	-~X 0R~ 29I 3EH 4.4 5GY 5VS 6IK 85S 97E AAJGR AARMG AASAJ AAVXG AAWTH AAYJJ ABAZT ABFSI ABOPQ ABQJQ ABVLG ACGFO ACGFS ACIWK ACNCT AENEX AETIX AFFNX AFOGA AGQYO AGSQL AHBIQ AI. AIBXA AKJIK AKQYR ALLEH ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS ASUFR ATWAV AZLTO BEFXN BFFAM BGNUA BKEBE BPEOZ CS3 DU5 E.L EBS EJD HZ~ H~9 IAAWW IBMZZ ICLAB IDIHD IFIPE IFJZH IPLJI JAVBF LAI M43 MS~ O9- OCL P2P PQQKQ RIA RIE RNS TN5 VH1 AAYXX CITATION 7SW BJH BNH BNI BNJ BNO ERI PET REK WWN 7SC 7SP 7TB 8FD FR3 JQ2 KR7 L7M L~C L~D RIG F28
ID	FETCH-LOGICAL-c414t-d023675bfde0585a9c7aa61532b5ef37ad1d791fba1fa8e4c42c26c08298a90b3
IEDL.DBID	RIE
ISICitedReferencesCount	56
ISICitedReferencesURI	http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000381456200003&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
ISSN	0018-9359
IngestDate	Sun Sep 28 05:55:36 EDT 2025 Sun Jun 29 15:49:27 EDT 2025 Tue Dec 02 16:55:34 EST 2025 Sat Nov 29 05:19:51 EST 2025 Tue Nov 18 21:07:05 EST 2025 Tue Aug 26 16:40:39 EDT 2025
IsDoiOpenAccess	false
IsOpenAccess	false
IsPeerReviewed	true
IsScholarly	true
Issue	3
Language	English
License	https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplorehelp/downloads/license-information/IEEE.html
LinkModel	DirectLink
MergedId	FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c414t-d023675bfde0585a9c7aa61532b5ef37ad1d791fba1fa8e4c42c26c08298a90b3
Notes	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23
PQID	1808912774
PQPubID	85468
PageCount	12
ParticipantIDs	ieee_primary_7312518 proquest_miscellaneous_1835670618 eric_primary_EJ1142804 proquest_journals_1808912774 crossref_citationtrail_10_1109_TE_2015_2487341 crossref_primary_10_1109_TE_2015_2487341
PublicationCentury	2000
PublicationDate	2016-08-01
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD	2016-08-01
PublicationDate_xml	– month: 08 year: 2016 text: 2016-08-01 day: 01
PublicationDecade	2010
PublicationPlace	New York
PublicationPlace_xml	– name: New York
PublicationTitle	IEEE transactions on education
PublicationTitleAbbrev	TE
PublicationYear	2016
Publisher	IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher_xml	– name: IEEE – name: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc – name: The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
References	ref57 ref13 ref56 renumol (ref10) 2009 ref59 ref58 bakeman (ref47) 1986 ref53 ref52 ref55 ref11 ref54 ref17 ref16 ref19 ref18 aschwanden (ref33) 2006 bednarik (ref36) 2014 crosby (ref24) 2002 ref50 ref46 ref45 jeffries (ref15) 1982 ref48 ref42 ref41 ref44 ref43 chen (ref14) 2010; 4 ref49 ref8 ref7 ref9 ref4 ref3 xu (ref6) 2004 ref5 ref40 ref35 ref34 ref37 ref31 ref30 ref32 ref2 ref1 ref39 ref38 van gog (ref12) 2009; 25 ref23 ref26 ref20 ref22 ref21 ref28 ref27 ref29 fan (ref25) 2010 ref60 ref62 ref61 butler (ref51) 2007
References_xml	– ident: ref16 doi: 10.1080/08993400500056530 – ident: ref62 doi: 10.1037/1076-898X.11.4.237 – ident: ref50 doi: 10.1145/1151954.1067472 – ident: ref1 doi: 10.2190/GUJT-JCBJ-Q6QU-Q9PL – ident: ref48 doi: 10.1207/s15327051hci0102_4 – ident: ref59 doi: 10.1016/0020-7373(89)90002-3 – year: 1982 ident: ref15 article-title: A comparison of the debugging behavior of expert and novice programmers publication-title: American Education Research Association Annual Meeting – ident: ref4 doi: 10.1080/08993400802114508 – start-page: 58 year: 2002 ident: ref24 article-title: The roles beacons play in comprehension for novice and expert programmers publication-title: Proc 14th Annu Workshop Psychol Program Interest Group – ident: ref20 doi: 10.1016/S0020-7373(83)80031-5 – ident: ref21 doi: 10.1109/TSE.1984.5010283 – ident: ref56 doi: 10.1006/jecp.1997.2397 – ident: ref46 doi: 10.1145/2568225.2568247 – ident: ref42 doi: 10.1145/2168556.2168642 – ident: ref27 doi: 10.1109/WPC.2001.921715 – ident: ref7 doi: 10.1145/1352322.1352191 – year: 2006 ident: ref33 article-title: Code scanning patterns in program comprehension publication-title: 39th Hawaii Int Conf Syst Sci – ident: ref19 doi: 10.1006/imms.1993.1061 – ident: ref53 doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2014.11.021 – ident: ref39 doi: 10.1109/2.48797 – ident: ref22 doi: 10.1080/08886504.1997.10782199 – ident: ref45 doi: 10.1145/2632320.2632344 – ident: ref3 doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2011.08.015 – ident: ref40 doi: 10.1145/2094131.2094133 – start-page: 16 year: 2014 ident: ref36 article-title: Eye movements in programming education: Analyzing the expert's gaze publication-title: Proc 1st Int Workshop MA – ident: ref54 doi: 10.1007/BF00977789 – ident: ref44 doi: 10.1145/2578153.2578218 – ident: ref8 doi: 10.1016/S0020-7373(77)80039-4 – volume: 4 start-page: 39 year: 2010 ident: ref14 article-title: Eye tracking technology for learning and education publication-title: Res Sci Educ – ident: ref9 doi: 10.1145/182.358436 – volume: 25 start-page: 325 year: 2009 ident: ref12 article-title: Uncovering cognitive processes: Different techniques that can contribute to cognitive load research and instruction publication-title: Comput Human Behav doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2008.12.021 – ident: ref13 doi: 10.1016/S0740-8188(00)00051-7 – ident: ref29 doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2011.07.012 – year: 1986 ident: ref47 publication-title: Observing Interaction An Introduction to Sequential Analysis – year: 2010 ident: ref25 article-title: The effects of beacons, comments, and tasks on program comprehension process in software maintenance – ident: ref55 doi: 10.1037/0096-3445.128.3.309 – ident: ref61 doi: 10.1027/1614-0001/a000052 – ident: ref23 doi: 10.1016/S0020-7373(86)80083-9 – ident: ref35 doi: 10.1145/1117309.1117356 – ident: ref28 doi: 10.1016/j.edurev.2013.10.001 – ident: ref41 doi: 10.1109/ICPC.2015.36 – year: 2009 ident: ref10 article-title: Classification of cognitive difficulties of students to learn computer programming – ident: ref18 doi: 10.1177/001872087401600308 – ident: ref31 doi: 10.1016/j.learninstruc.2009.02.013 – ident: ref43 doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-39473-7_93 – ident: ref38 doi: 10.1145/1344471.1344497 – ident: ref58 doi: 10.1207/s15516709cog1904_3 – ident: ref34 doi: 10.1016/j.ijhcs.2011.09.003 – start-page: 99 year: 2007 ident: ref51 article-title: Learning challenges faced by novice programming students studying high level and low feedback concepts publication-title: Proc 24th Ascilite Conf – ident: ref5 doi: 10.2190/FGN9-DJ2F-86V8-3FAU – ident: ref32 doi: 10.1207/s1532799xssr1003_3 – ident: ref37 doi: 10.1145/1117309.1117357 – ident: ref52 doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2011.02.012 – ident: ref26 doi: 10.1109/32.508315 – ident: ref57 doi: 10.1016/S0160-2896(03)00052-7 – ident: ref11 doi: 10.1145/1821996.1821998 – ident: ref49 doi: 10.1023/A:1015362608943 – ident: ref2 doi: 10.1145/1562877.1562927 – ident: ref30 doi: 10.1016/j.learninstruc.2009.02.019 – ident: ref17 doi: 10.1080/08993400802114698 – ident: ref60 doi: 10.1145/358557.358577 – start-page: 176 year: 2004 ident: ref6 article-title: Cognitive process during program debugging publication-title: Proc 3rd IEEE ICCI
SSID	ssj0014525
Score	2.3482666
Snippet	This study explores students' cognitive processes while debugging programs by using an eye tracker. Students' eye movements during debugging were recorded by...
SourceID	proquest eric crossref ieee
SourceType	Aggregation Database Index Database Enrichment Source Publisher
StartPage	175
SubjectTerms	C (programming language) Cognition Cognition analysis Cognitive Processes Computer bugs Computer Science Education Computer Software Debugging Eye Movements eye-movement analysis Eyes Foreign Countries Logic Logical Thinking Majors (Students) Manuals program debugging Programming programming instruction Programming Languages Programming profession Protocol Analysis Sequential analysis Sequential Learning Strategy Students Tracking Troubleshooting Undergraduate Students
Title	Tracking Students' Cognitive Processes During Program Debugging-An Eye-Movement Approach
URI	https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7312518 http://eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/detail?accno=EJ1142804 https://www.proquest.com/docview/1808912774 https://www.proquest.com/docview/1835670618
Volume	59
WOSCitedRecordID	wos000381456200003&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
hasFullText	1
inHoldings	1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights	– providerCode: PRVIEE databaseName: IEEE Electronic Library (IEL) customDbUrl: eissn: 1557-9638 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0014525 issn: 0018-9359 databaseCode: RIE dateStart: 19630101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ providerName: IEEE
link	http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwlV3PS-QwFH6oeNg97PoTx19EWHAPdmzapEmOg1ZEUBachbmVNElFkI44Mwv-9-almbKLethbadIS-jV5L3nf-x7AD-8TN97qqcTahifMSJrUElkWtDBWasWtkaHYhLi7k5OJ-rUCZ30ujHMukM_cEC9DLN9OzQKPys5FjuZYrsKqEEWXq9VHDDA-1626fgLnXEUZH5qq83GJFC4-zLxznjP6jwWKJOdQWeXdchxszNX3_xvdBnyLviQZdeBvwoprt7AMc6RsbMHXv9QGt2Hi7ZLBk3Fy3wlazk7JxZI9RGLGgJuRy5C5iDeQuUX8irTAY-mHZNSS8tUlt9OgMT4no6hHvgO_r8rxxXUSCyskhlE2TyzKxgteN9alfruglRFao-eX1dw1udCWWqFoU2vaaOmYYZnJCoNpuB6-tM53Ya2dtm4PSNMIrr3TYARjjPtmgxtdoXlmCmacGMBw-bErE1XHsfjFUxV2H6mqxmWF6FQRnQH87B947gQ3Pu-6i-j13cobTAyWKRvANsLTN0RkBnC4xLeKM3VWUZlKRf2Q_VMnfbOfYxg40a2bLrBPzgvhPR-5__GbD-CLH1jREQMPYW3-snBHsG7-zB9nL8fhR30DnmvjXA
linkProvider	IEEE
linkToHtml	http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwlV1Rb9MwED6NMonxAGxjWmEwIyGxh6WNEzu2H6uRaoOtQqJIfYsc20FIKJ3WdhL_Hp_jRiDggbcodiIrX-w7-777DuCt94kbb_VUYm3DE2YkTWqJLAtaGCu14tbIUGxCzGZysVCfduC8z4VxzgXymRvhZYjl26XZ4FHZWORojuUDeMgZy9IuW6uPGWCErlt3_RTOuYpCPjRV43mJJC4-yrx7njP6mw2KNOdQW-WPBTlYmenT_xvfM3gSvUky6eDfhx3XHmAh5kjaOIDHv-gNHsLCWyaDZ-PkcydpuXpHLrb8IRJzBtyKvA-5i3gDuVvEr0kbPJj-mkxaUv5wyc0yqIyvySQqkj-HL9NyfnGZxNIKiWGUrROLwvGC1411qd8waGWE1uj7ZTV3TS60pVYo2tSaNlo6ZlhmssJgIq4HMK3zIxi0y9YdA2kawbV3G4xgjHHfbHCrKzTPTMGME0MYbT92ZaLuOJa_-F6F_UeqqnlZITpVRGcIZ_0Dt53kxr-7HiF6fbfyA6YGy5QN4RDh6RsiMkM42eJbxbm6qqhMpaJ-yP6pN32zn2UYOtGtW26wT84L4X0f-eLvbz6FR5fzm-vq-mr28SXs-UEWHU3wBAbru417Bbvmfv1tdfc6_LQ_AZis5qM
openUrl	ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Tracking+Students%27+Cognitive+Processes+During+Program+Debugging-An+Eye-Movement+Approach&rft.jtitle=IEEE+transactions+on+education&rft.au=Lin%2C+Yu-Tzu&rft.au=Wu%2C+Cheng-Chih&rft.au=Hou%2C+Ting-Yun&rft.au=Lin%2C+Yu-Chih&rft.date=2016-08-01&rft.issn=0018-9359&rft.eissn=1557-9638&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=175&rft.epage=186&rft_id=info:doi/10.1109%2FTE.2015.2487341&rft.externalDBID=NO_FULL_TEXT
thumbnail_l	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0018-9359&client=summon
thumbnail_m	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0018-9359&client=summon
thumbnail_s	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0018-9359&client=summon