Challenging obduracy: How local communities transform the energy system

•New energy movement challenges present governance of energy system.•Sustainability and strengthening regional economy are primary goals.•Democratic cooperative model should safeguard citizen influence.•Grassroots innovation of energy system brought about by networks of motivated citizens. The trans...

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Published in:Energy research & social science Vol. 13; pp. 94 - 105
Main Authors: Schoor, Tineke van der, Lente, Harro van, Scholtens, Bert, Peine, Alexander
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier Ltd 01.03.2016
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ISSN:2214-6296, 2214-6326
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Abstract •New energy movement challenges present governance of energy system.•Sustainability and strengthening regional economy are primary goals.•Democratic cooperative model should safeguard citizen influence.•Grassroots innovation of energy system brought about by networks of motivated citizens. The transformation from the current energy system to a decentralized renewable energy system requires the transformation of communities into energy neutral or even energy producing communities. Increasingly, citizens become ‘prosumers’ and pool their resources to start a local energy initiative. In this paper we present an in-depth study of networks that recently developed, which challenge the established way of centralized decision-making on energy resources. Many local communities are eager to promote sustainable energy production, to use local financial resources for the local community and to employ democratic governance of energy production and supply. Furthermore, we study how these co-operations are linked to local, regional and national networks for community energy. We use both Actor-Network Theory (ANT) and Social Movement Theory (SMT) to investigate the initiatives, as this allows a dynamic analysis of collective strategies. We discuss the obduracy of the energy system and how this system is challenged by new connections between communities and global networks and by new types of energy providers that are rooted in social networks. Furthermore, we draw attention to the way community energy networks provide a social innovation while realizing a decentralized and decarbonized energy system.
AbstractList •New energy movement challenges present governance of energy system.•Sustainability and strengthening regional economy are primary goals.•Democratic cooperative model should safeguard citizen influence.•Grassroots innovation of energy system brought about by networks of motivated citizens. The transformation from the current energy system to a decentralized renewable energy system requires the transformation of communities into energy neutral or even energy producing communities. Increasingly, citizens become ‘prosumers’ and pool their resources to start a local energy initiative. In this paper we present an in-depth study of networks that recently developed, which challenge the established way of centralized decision-making on energy resources. Many local communities are eager to promote sustainable energy production, to use local financial resources for the local community and to employ democratic governance of energy production and supply. Furthermore, we study how these co-operations are linked to local, regional and national networks for community energy. We use both Actor-Network Theory (ANT) and Social Movement Theory (SMT) to investigate the initiatives, as this allows a dynamic analysis of collective strategies. We discuss the obduracy of the energy system and how this system is challenged by new connections between communities and global networks and by new types of energy providers that are rooted in social networks. Furthermore, we draw attention to the way community energy networks provide a social innovation while realizing a decentralized and decarbonized energy system.
Author Lente, Harro van
Scholtens, Bert
Peine, Alexander
Schoor, Tineke van der
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Tineke van der
  orcidid: 0000-0002-2829-3808
  surname: Schoor
  fullname: Schoor, Tineke van der
  email: c.van.der.schoor@pl.hanze.nl
  organization: Hanze University of Applied Sciences, P.O. Box 3037, 9701 DA Groningen, Netherlands
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Harro van
  surname: Lente
  fullname: Lente, Harro van
  organization: Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Maastricht University, Netherlands
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  givenname: Bert
  orcidid: 0000-0001-5774-5191
  surname: Scholtens
  fullname: Scholtens, Bert
  organization: Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Groningen, Netherlands
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Alexander
  surname: Peine
  fullname: Peine, Alexander
  organization: Copernicus Institute, Utrecht University, Netherlands
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SubjectTerms Community energy
Cooperatives
Energy transition
Renewable energy
Title Challenging obduracy: How local communities transform the energy system
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2015.12.009
Volume 13
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