Effectiveness of vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant infection, symptomatic disease, and hospitalization: a systematic review and meta-analysis

This meta-analysis aims to assess the effectiveness of the current Sars-Cov2 vaccine regimens against Omicron infection. A secondary endpoint aims to investigate the waning effectiveness of primary vaccination against symptomatic infection and related hospitalization. The systematic review started o...

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Vydáno v:Expert review of vaccines Ročník 21; číslo 12; s. 1831 - 1841
Hlavní autoři: Meggiolaro, Angela, Sane Schepisi, Monica, Farina, Sara, Castagna, Carolina, Mammone, Alessia, Siddu, Andrea, Stefanelli, Paola, Boccia, Stefania, Rezza, Giovanni
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: England Taylor & Francis 02.12.2022
Témata:
Booster dose
COVID-19 - prevention & control
effectiveness
Hospitalization
Humans
omicron VOC Sars-Cov2 vaccine
risk of hospitalization
RNA, Viral
SARS-CoV-2
Sars-Cov2 vaccine
symptomatic omicron infection
Vaccination
waning immunity
effectiveness
risk of hospitalization
Sars-Cov2 vaccine
Booster dose
waning immunity
omicron VOC Sars-Cov2 vaccine
symptomatic omicron infection
ISSN:1476-0584, 1744-8395, 1744-8395
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Shrnutí:This meta-analysis aims to assess the effectiveness of the current Sars-Cov2 vaccine regimens against Omicron infection. A secondary endpoint aims to investigate the waning effectiveness of primary vaccination against symptomatic infection and related hospitalization. The systematic review started on 1 December 2021 and was concluded on 1 March 2022. Random-effects frequentist meta-analyses and multiple meta-regressions were performed. In total, 15 studies are included in the quantitative synthesis. According to the meta-analysis results, the overall risk of Sars-Cov2 infection in vaccinated individuals is on average 31 · 5% lower than the infection risk in unvaccinated while vaccinated with one booster dose have a 70 · 4% risk reduction of Omicron infection compared to unvaccinated. In particular, one booster dose significantly decreases by 69% the risk of symptomatic Omicron infection with respect to unvaccinated. Six months after the primary vaccination, the average risk reduction declines to 22% against symptomatic infection and to 55% against hospitalization. Primary vaccination does not provide sufficient protection against symptomatic Omicron infection. Although the effectiveness of the primary vaccination against hospitalization due to Omicron remains significantly above 50% after 3 months, it dramatically fades after 6 months.
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ISSN:1476-0584
1744-8395
1744-8395
DOI:10.1080/14760584.2022.2130773