The genetic structure of SARS‐CoV‐2 does not rule out a laboratory origin SARS‐COV‐2 chimeric structure and furin cleavage site might be the result of genetic manipulation

Severe acute respiratory syndrome‐coronavirus (SARS‐CoV)‐2′s origin is still controversial. Genomic analyses show SARS‐CoV‐2 likely to be chimeric, most of its sequence closest to bat CoV RaTG13, whereas its receptor binding domain (RBD) is almost identical to that of a pangolin CoV. Chimeric viruse...

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Vydáno v:	BioEssays Ročník 43; číslo 3; s. e2000240
Hlavní autoři:	Segreto, Rossana, Deigin, Yuri
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	United States Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.03.2021 John Wiley and Sons Inc
Témata:	Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 - genetics Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 - metabolism Animals Base Sequence China Chiroptera - virology Cleavage Coronaviruses COVID-19 COVID-19 - pathology COVID-19 - transmission COVID-19 - virology Eutheria - virology Furin Furin - metabolism Genetic Engineering - ethics Genetic structure Genomic analysis genomics Humans Mutagenesis, Site-Directed - methods Pandemics Pholidota (mammals) Problems & Paradigms Protein Binding Reassortant Viruses - genetics Reassortant Viruses - metabolism Reassortant Viruses - pathogenicity Receptors Receptors, Virus - genetics Receptors, Virus - metabolism Recombination SARS-CoV-2 - genetics SARS-CoV-2 - metabolism SARS-CoV-2 - pathogenicity Sequence Alignment Severe acute respiratory syndrome Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Site-directed mutagenesis Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus - genetics Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus - metabolism Spike protein Viral diseases viruses China receptor binding domain SARS-CoV-2 pangolin CoV furin cleavage site BtCov/4991 Gain-of-function studies RaTG13
ISSN:	0265-9247, 1521-1878, 1521-1878
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Abstract	Severe acute respiratory syndrome‐coronavirus (SARS‐CoV)‐2′s origin is still controversial. Genomic analyses show SARS‐CoV‐2 likely to be chimeric, most of its sequence closest to bat CoV RaTG13, whereas its receptor binding domain (RBD) is almost identical to that of a pangolin CoV. Chimeric viruses can arise via natural recombination or human intervention. The furin cleavage site in the spike protein of SARS‐CoV‐2 confers to the virus the ability to cross species and tissue barriers, but was previously unseen in other SARS‐like CoVs. Might genetic manipulations have been performed in order to evaluate pangolins as possible intermediate hosts for bat‐derived CoVs that were originally unable to bind to human receptors? Both cleavage site and specific RBD could result from site‐directed mutagenesis, a procedure that does not leave a trace. Considering the devastating impact of SARS‐CoV‐2 and importance of preventing future pandemics, researchers have a responsibility to carry out a thorough analysis of all possible SARS‐CoV‐2 origins.
AbstractList	Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2's origin is still controversial. Genomic analyses show SARS-CoV-2 likely to be chimeric, most of its sequence closest to bat CoV RaTG13, whereas its receptor binding domain (RBD) is almost identical to that of a pangolin CoV. Chimeric viruses can arise via natural recombination or human intervention. The furin cleavage site in the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 confers to the virus the ability to cross species and tissue barriers, but was previously unseen in other SARS-like CoVs. Might genetic manipulations have been performed in order to evaluate pangolins as possible intermediate hosts for bat-derived CoVs that were originally unable to bind to human receptors? Both cleavage site and specific RBD could result from site-directed mutagenesis, a procedure that does not leave a trace. Considering the devastating impact of SARS-CoV-2 and importance of preventing future pandemics, researchers have a responsibility to carry out a thorough analysis of all possible SARS-CoV-2 origins. Severe acute respiratory syndrome‐coronavirus (SARS‐CoV)‐2′s origin is still controversial. Genomic analyses show SARS‐CoV‐2 likely to be chimeric, most of its sequence closest to bat CoV RaTG13, whereas its receptor binding domain (RBD) is almost identical to that of a pangolin CoV. Chimeric viruses can arise via natural recombination or human intervention. The furin cleavage site in the spike protein of SARS‐CoV‐2 confers to the virus the ability to cross species and tissue barriers, but was previously unseen in other SARS‐like CoVs. Might genetic manipulations have been performed in order to evaluate pangolins as possible intermediate hosts for bat‐derived CoVs that were originally unable to bind to human receptors? Both cleavage site and specific RBD could result from site‐directed mutagenesis, a procedure that does not leave a trace. Considering the devastating impact of SARS‐CoV‐2 and importance of preventing future pandemics, researchers have a responsibility to carry out a thorough analysis of all possible SARS‐CoV‐2 origins. Severe acute respiratory syndrome‐coronavirus (SARS‐CoV)‐2′s origin is still controversial. Genomic analyses show SARS‐CoV‐2 likely to be chimeric, most of its sequence closest to bat CoV RaTG13, whereas its receptor binding domain (RBD) is almost identical to that of a pangolin CoV. Chimeric viruses can arise via natural recombination or human intervention. The furin cleavage site in the spike protein of SARS‐CoV‐2 confers to the virus the ability to cross species and tissue barriers, but was previously unseen in other SARS‐like CoVs. Might genetic manipulations have been performed in order to evaluate pangolins as possible intermediate hosts for bat‐derived CoVs that were originally unable to bind to human receptors? Both cleavage site and specific RBD could result from site‐directed mutagenesis, a procedure that does not leave a trace. Considering the devastating impact of SARS‐CoV‐2 and importance of preventing future pandemics, researchers have a responsibility to carry out a thorough analysis of all possible SARS‐CoV‐2 origins. The perfect binding ability of SARS‐CoV‐2 to human cells and the presence of the furin cleavage site, which is new for SARS‐like coronaviruses, might derive from genetic manipulation performed during evolutionary studies. By combining a bat coronavirus backbone and a receptor binding domain from pangolin coronavirus the resulting chimera would seem completely natural. Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2's origin is still controversial. Genomic analyses show SARS-CoV-2 likely to be chimeric, most of its sequence closest to bat CoV RaTG13, whereas its receptor binding domain (RBD) is almost identical to that of a pangolin CoV. Chimeric viruses can arise via natural recombination or human intervention. The furin cleavage site in the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 confers to the virus the ability to cross species and tissue barriers, but was previously unseen in other SARS-like CoVs. Might genetic manipulations have been performed in order to evaluate pangolins as possible intermediate hosts for bat-derived CoVs that were originally unable to bind to human receptors? Both cleavage site and specific RBD could result from site-directed mutagenesis, a procedure that does not leave a trace. Considering the devastating impact of SARS-CoV-2 and importance of preventing future pandemics, researchers have a responsibility to carry out a thorough analysis of all possible SARS-CoV-2 origins.Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2's origin is still controversial. Genomic analyses show SARS-CoV-2 likely to be chimeric, most of its sequence closest to bat CoV RaTG13, whereas its receptor binding domain (RBD) is almost identical to that of a pangolin CoV. Chimeric viruses can arise via natural recombination or human intervention. The furin cleavage site in the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 confers to the virus the ability to cross species and tissue barriers, but was previously unseen in other SARS-like CoVs. Might genetic manipulations have been performed in order to evaluate pangolins as possible intermediate hosts for bat-derived CoVs that were originally unable to bind to human receptors? Both cleavage site and specific RBD could result from site-directed mutagenesis, a procedure that does not leave a trace. Considering the devastating impact of SARS-CoV-2 and importance of preventing future pandemics, researchers have a responsibility to carry out a thorough analysis of all possible SARS-CoV-2 origins.
Author	Segreto, Rossana Deigin, Yuri
AuthorAffiliation	2 Youthereum Genetics Inc. Toronto Ontario Canada 1 Department of Microbiology University of Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria
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Keywords	receptor binding domain SARS-CoV-2 pangolin CoV furin cleavage site BtCov/4991 Gain-of-function studies RaTG13
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Snippet	Severe acute respiratory syndrome‐coronavirus (SARS‐CoV)‐2′s origin is still controversial. Genomic analyses show SARS‐CoV‐2 likely to be chimeric, most of its... Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2's origin is still controversial. Genomic analyses show SARS-CoV-2 likely to be chimeric, most of its...
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SubjectTerms	Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 - genetics Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 - metabolism Animals Base Sequence China Chiroptera - virology Cleavage Coronaviruses COVID-19 COVID-19 - pathology COVID-19 - transmission COVID-19 - virology Eutheria - virology Furin Furin - metabolism Genetic Engineering - ethics Genetic structure Genomic analysis genomics Humans Mutagenesis, Site-Directed - methods Pandemics Pholidota (mammals) Problems & Paradigms Protein Binding Reassortant Viruses - genetics Reassortant Viruses - metabolism Reassortant Viruses - pathogenicity Receptors Receptors, Virus - genetics Receptors, Virus - metabolism Recombination SARS-CoV-2 - genetics SARS-CoV-2 - metabolism SARS-CoV-2 - pathogenicity Sequence Alignment Severe acute respiratory syndrome Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Site-directed mutagenesis Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus - genetics Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus - metabolism Spike protein Viral diseases viruses
Subtitle	SARS‐COV‐2 chimeric structure and furin cleavage site might be the result of genetic manipulation
Title	The genetic structure of SARS‐CoV‐2 does not rule out a laboratory origin
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