Application partitioning algorithms in mobile cloud computing: Taxonomy, review and future directions

Mobile cloud computing (MCC) enables the development of computational intensive mobile applications by leveraging the application processing services of computational clouds. Contemporary distributed application processing frameworks use runtime partitioning of elastic applications in which addition...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:
Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:Journal of network and computer applications Jg. 48; S. 99 - 117
Hauptverfasser: Liu, Jieyao, Ahmed, Ejaz, Shiraz, Muhammad, Gani, Abdullah, Buyya, Rajkumar, Qureshi, Ahsan
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: Elsevier Ltd 01.02.2015
Schlagworte:
ISSN:1084-8045, 1095-8592
Online-Zugang:Volltext
Tags: Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
Abstract Mobile cloud computing (MCC) enables the development of computational intensive mobile applications by leveraging the application processing services of computational clouds. Contemporary distributed application processing frameworks use runtime partitioning of elastic applications in which additional computing resources are occurred in runtime application profiling and partitioning. A number of recent studies have highlighted the different aspects of MCC. Current studies, however, have overlooked into the mechanism of application partitioning for MCC. We consider application partitioning to be an independent aspect of dynamic computational offloading and therefore we review the current status of application partitioning algorithms (APAs) to identify the issues and challenges. To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first to propose a thematic taxonomy for APAs in MCC. The APAs are reviewed comprehensively to qualitatively analyze the implications and critical aspects. Furthermore, the APAs are analyzed based on partitioning granularity, partitioning objective, partitioning model, programming language support, presence of a profiler, allocation decision, analysis technique, and annotation. This paper also highlights the issues and challenges in partitioning of elastic application to assist in selecting appropriate research domains and exploring lightweight techniques of distributed application processing in MCC.
AbstractList Mobile cloud computing (MCC) enables the development of computational intensive mobile applications by leveraging the application processing services of computational clouds. Contemporary distributed application processing frameworks use runtime partitioning of elastic applications in which additional computing resources are occurred in runtime application profiling and partitioning. A number of recent studies have highlighted the different aspects of MCC. Current studies, however, have overlooked into the mechanism of application partitioning for MCC. We consider application partitioning to be an independent aspect of dynamic computational offloading and therefore we review the current status of application partitioning algorithms (APAs) to identify the issues and challenges. To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first to propose a thematic taxonomy for APAs in MCC. The APAs are reviewed comprehensively to qualitatively analyze the implications and critical aspects. Furthermore, the APAs are analyzed based on partitioning granularity, partitioning objective, partitioning model, programming language support, presence of a profiler, allocation decision, analysis technique, and annotation. This paper also highlights the issues and challenges in partitioning of elastic application to assist in selecting appropriate research domains and exploring lightweight techniques of distributed application processing in MCC.
Author Shiraz, Muhammad
Liu, Jieyao
Buyya, Rajkumar
Qureshi, Ahsan
Gani, Abdullah
Ahmed, Ejaz
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Jieyao
  orcidid: 0000-0002-8580-3421
  surname: Liu
  fullname: Liu, Jieyao
  email: ljieyao@siswa.um.edu.my
  organization: Centre for Mobile Cloud Computing Research (C4MCCR), Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Ejaz
  surname: Ahmed
  fullname: Ahmed, Ejaz
  email: ejazahmed@ieee.org
  organization: Centre for Mobile Cloud Computing Research (C4MCCR), Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Muhammad
  surname: Shiraz
  fullname: Shiraz, Muhammad
  email: muhammad.shiraz.dr@ieee.org
  organization: Centre for Mobile Cloud Computing Research (C4MCCR), Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Abdullah
  surname: Gani
  fullname: Gani, Abdullah
  email: abdullahgani@ieee.org
  organization: Centre for Mobile Cloud Computing Research (C4MCCR), Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Rajkumar
  surname: Buyya
  fullname: Buyya, Rajkumar
  email: raj@csse.unimelb.edu.au
  organization: Department of Computing and Information Systems, The University of Melbourne, Doug McDonell Building, Parkville Campus, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
– sequence: 6
  givenname: Ahsan
  surname: Qureshi
  fullname: Qureshi, Ahsan
  email: ahsanqureshi@siswa.um.edu.my
  organization: Centre for Mobile Cloud Computing Research (C4MCCR), Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
BookMark eNp9kL1OwzAUhS1UJNrCCzD5AUiwHSe1EUtV8SdVYimz5Tg3xVFiR3YK9O1JKBMD0z3D_Y70nQWaOe8AoWtKUkpocdukjTM6ZYTylMiUEHmG5pTIPBG5ZLMpC54IwvMLtIixIYQUXGZzBOu-b63Rg_UO9zoMdkrW7bFu9z7Y4b2L2Drc-dK2gE3rDxU2vusPw_h0h3f6yzvfHW9wgA8Ln1i7CteH4RAAVzaAmeriJTqvdRvh6vcu0dvjw27znGxfn142621iOCVDUsiVYSUQU2QZyFpwUVPItQSxEqKswfCMGc40Y9xwyYuM67rIWSVNwXOel9kSiVOvCT7GALUydvhxG4K2raJETXOpRk1zqWkuRaQa5xpR9gftg-10OP4P3Z8gGKVG_aCiseAMnNRV5e1_-DfOOIiB
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2017_2710056
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_future_2016_09_015
crossref_primary_10_1002_ett_3210
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jksuci_2022_05_002
crossref_primary_10_1109_TITS_2020_2991376
crossref_primary_10_4018_IJITWE_2019040104
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11036_021_01783_9
crossref_primary_10_3233_JIFS_191687
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11227_019_02769_x
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_procs_2015_07_169
crossref_primary_10_1145_3392064
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jss_2017_11_047
crossref_primary_10_1080_17445760_2016_1188386
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_future_2018_06_005
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11280_017_0461_1
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jnca_2015_09_002
crossref_primary_10_1002_dac_3241
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_comnet_2017_09_011
crossref_primary_10_1002_dac_4636
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11042_020_09365_9
crossref_primary_10_1109_TSC_2016_2564407
crossref_primary_10_1145_3241738
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_comcom_2016_07_017
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_comcom_2020_05_001
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jnca_2018_06_009
crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2021_3127355
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_pmcj_2021_101368
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_future_2024_01_015
crossref_primary_10_1002_ett_3937
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_adhoc_2018_11_002
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jnca_2015_03_001
crossref_primary_10_1109_TNSE_2023_3335345
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jksuci_2019_05_007
crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2021_3091844
crossref_primary_10_1155_2020_2547921
crossref_primary_10_3390_su10051611
crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2020_2983253
crossref_primary_10_1002_spe_2685
crossref_primary_10_1002_wcm_2709
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jpdc_2018_06_008
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jnca_2016_08_016
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jnca_2017_08_018
crossref_primary_10_3389_frobt_2020_00102
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_comcom_2017_07_009
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11276_020_02385_1
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_future_2024_07_042
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_sysarc_2020_101799
crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2019_2959434
crossref_primary_10_1109_JIOT_2022_3153970
crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2020_3033828
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jnca_2016_12_031
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jnca_2016_11_031
crossref_primary_10_1007_s42979_023_02235_9
crossref_primary_10_1109_JIOT_2020_3030926
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11277_016_3339_0
crossref_primary_10_1109_JPROC_2019_2922285
crossref_primary_10_1109_TCOMM_2022_3186989
crossref_primary_10_1109_TCOMM_2019_2952580
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_iot_2023_100996
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_pmcj_2016_12_003
crossref_primary_10_1002_ett_70020
crossref_primary_10_1007_s42979_024_03570_1
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jnca_2016_10_023
crossref_primary_10_1109_JIOT_2018_2818680
crossref_primary_10_1109_TMC_2017_2749577
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jnca_2015_10_005
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_pmcj_2018_09_003
crossref_primary_10_1109_TMC_2018_2863301
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_smhl_2023_100433
crossref_primary_10_1109_JIOT_2022_3172470
crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2022_3192391
crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2016_2580464
crossref_primary_10_1109_JIOT_2021_3093155
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jnca_2015_11_009
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_iot_2024_101412
crossref_primary_10_3390_electronics8090938
Cites_doi 10.1145/1966445.1966473
10.1016/j.jss.2012.05.091
10.1145/1133373.1133390
10.1109/SERVICES-2.2008.29
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.04.006
10.1145/1814433.1814441
10.1023/A:1008832202436
10.1016/j.jnca.2013.09.009
10.1145/6424.315691
10.1016/j.future.2012.07.003
10.1016/j.jnca.2013.09.013
10.1145/584007.584008
10.1109/MCSA.2004.2
10.1109/CLOUD.2012.97
10.19173/irrodl.v8i2.350
10.1109/98.943998
10.1109/SURV.2011.111411.00016
10.1016/S0164-1212(03)00052-9
10.1145/1247660.1247692
10.1007/978-3-642-10445-9_5
10.1016/j.camwa.2011.10.044
10.1109/INFCOM.2012.6195845
10.1016/j.jnca.2013.12.002
10.1197/jamia.M3215
10.1007/978-3-642-35170-9_20
10.1109/SURV.2012.111412.00045
10.1109/MC.2008.185
10.1007/s11036-012-0368-0
10.1145/1391469.1391518
10.1016/j.pmcj.2012.07.009
10.1109/APSEC.2004.71
10.1002/nem.446
10.1109/REAL.2000.896006
10.1007/3-540-47993-7_8
10.1016/j.jnca.2013.10.004
10.1007/s11227-012-0846-y
10.1109/UMEDIA.2010.5544470
10.1109/NCA.2011.16
10.1109/90.554717
10.1002/wcm.1203
10.1016/S0196-8904(03)00009-8
10.1109/WICOM.2009.5302240
10.1109/SURV.2013.070813.00285
10.1145/2370216.2370218
10.1109/GRID.2009.5353074
10.1109/ITNG.2010.239
10.1109/ICNSC.2004.1297086
10.1109/HICSS.2007.493
10.1109/GLOCOM.2007.140
10.1016/j.future.2012.05.023
10.1109/MPRV.2009.82
10.1109/SURV.2013.050113.00090
10.1002/cpe.840
10.1145/996893.996857
10.1145/1721654.1721672
10.1109/MC.2010.98
10.1109/CCGrid.2011.69
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.04.009
10.1007/978-3-540-89856-6_2
10.1016/j.jnca.2013.03.007
10.1016/j.jnca.2013.08.006
10.1007/s11227-013-0988-6
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright 2014 Elsevier Ltd
Copyright_xml – notice: 2014 Elsevier Ltd
DBID AAYXX
CITATION
DOI 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009
DatabaseName CrossRef
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
DatabaseTitleList
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Engineering
Computer Science
EISSN 1095-8592
EndPage 117
ExternalDocumentID 10_1016_j_jnca_2014_09_009
S1084804514002161
GrantInformation_xml – fundername: Australian Research Council (ARC)
– fundername: Bright Spark Unit, University of Malaya, Malaysia
– fundername: Malaysian Ministry of Higher Education
  grantid: UM.C/625/1/HIR/MOE/FCSIT/03
GroupedDBID --K
--M
-~X
.~1
0R~
1B1
1~.
1~5
29L
4.4
457
4G.
5GY
5VS
7-5
71M
8P~
AACTN
AAEDT
AAEDW
AAIAV
AAIKJ
AAKOC
AALRI
AAOAW
AAQFI
AAQXK
AAXUO
AAYFN
ABBOA
ABFNM
ABJNI
ABMAC
ABXDB
ABYKQ
ACDAQ
ACGFS
ACNNM
ACRLP
ACZNC
ADBBV
ADEZE
ADFGL
ADJOM
ADMUD
ADTZH
AEBSH
AECPX
AEKER
AENEX
AFKWA
AFTJW
AGHFR
AGUBO
AGYEJ
AHJVU
AHZHX
AIALX
AIEXJ
AIKHN
AITUG
AJBFU
AJOXV
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
AMFUW
AMRAJ
AOUOD
ASPBG
AVWKF
AXJTR
AZFZN
BJAXD
BKOJK
BLXMC
CAG
COF
CS3
DM4
DU5
EBS
EFBJH
EFLBG
EJD
EO8
EO9
EP2
EP3
FDB
FEDTE
FGOYB
FIRID
FNPLU
FYGXN
G-Q
GBLVA
GBOLZ
HVGLF
HZ~
IHE
J1W
JJJVA
KOM
M41
MO0
N9A
O-L
O9-
OAUVE
OZT
P-8
P-9
P2P
PC.
Q38
R2-
RIG
ROL
RPZ
SDF
SDG
SDP
SES
SEW
SPC
SPCBC
SST
SSV
SSZ
T5K
UHS
WH7
XPP
ZMT
ZU3
~G-
9DU
AATTM
AAXKI
AAYWO
AAYXX
ABWVN
ACLOT
ACRPL
ACVFH
ADCNI
ADNMO
AEIPS
AEUPX
AFJKZ
AFPUW
AGQPQ
AIGII
AIIUN
AKBMS
AKRWK
AKYEP
ANKPU
APXCP
CITATION
EFKBS
~HD
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c410t-697c2be0c633e9f848f1e5a9e8788bfec432c42a224c494634af652d9c64545b3
ISICitedReferencesCount 105
ISICitedReferencesURI http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000348337000009&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
ISSN 1084-8045
IngestDate Sat Nov 29 07:09:50 EST 2025
Tue Nov 18 19:48:07 EST 2025
Fri Feb 23 02:12:47 EST 2024
IsDoiOpenAccess false
IsOpenAccess true
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Keywords Distributed application processing
Mobile cloud computing
Application partitioning
Algorithm
Thematic taxonomy
Language English
LinkModel OpenURL
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c410t-697c2be0c633e9f848f1e5a9e8788bfec432c42a224c494634af652d9c64545b3
ORCID 0000-0002-8580-3421
OpenAccessLink http://hdl.handle.net/11343/54737
PageCount 19
ParticipantIDs crossref_citationtrail_10_1016_j_jnca_2014_09_009
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jnca_2014_09_009
elsevier_sciencedirect_doi_10_1016_j_jnca_2014_09_009
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 2015-02-01
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2015-02-01
PublicationDate_xml – month: 02
  year: 2015
  text: 2015-02-01
  day: 01
PublicationDecade 2010
PublicationTitle Journal of network and computer applications
PublicationYear 2015
Publisher Elsevier Ltd
Publisher_xml – name: Elsevier Ltd
References Wang, Li (bib85) 2004; 39
Giurgiu I, Riva O, Juric D, Krivulev I, Alonso G. Calling the cloud: enabling mobile phones as interfaces to cloud applications. In: Proceedings of the ACM/IFIP/USENIX 10th international conference on middleware (Middleware׳09), Urbana, IL, USA. Springer-Verlag; 2009. p. 83–102.
Goyal S, Carter J. A lightweight secure cyber foraging infrastructure for resource-constrained devices. In: Proceedings of the sixth IEEE workshop on mobile computing systems and applications (WMCSA׳04), English Lake District, UK. IEEE; 2004. p. 186–95.
Yeo, Phang, Lee, Lim (bib91) 2014; 43
Microsoft, Microsoft Office 365; 2013. URL
Satyanarayanan (bib70) 2001; 8
Sharifi, Kafaie, Kashefi (bib72) 2011; 14
Bentley (bib11) 1986; 29
Heroku. Heroku; 2013. URL
OnLive. onlive; 2013. URL
Pathak A, Hu YC, Zhang M, Bahl P, Wang YM. S.o.E. Engineering, computer, enabling automatic offloading of resource-intensive smartphone applications. Technical report. United States: Purdue University; 2011. URL
Cuervo E, Balasubramanian A, Cho D, Wolman A, Saroiu S, Chandra R, et al. 2010. MAUI: making smartphones last longer with code offload. In: Proceedings of the eighth international conference on mobile systems, applications, and services (MobiSys׳10), Breckenridge, CO, USA. ACM; 2010. p. 49–62.
Prodan R, Ostermann S. A survey and taxonomy of infrastructure as a service and web hosting cloud providers. In: Proceedings of the 10th IEEE/ACM international conference on grid computing (CCGrid׳09), Shanghai, China. IEEE; 2009. p. 17–25.
Chu, Song, Wong, Kurakake, Katagiri (bib15) 2004; 69
AR Report. Mobile cloud applications; 2010. URL
Kumar, Lu (bib42) 2010; 43
Google, GMail; 2013. URL
Niemann, Marwedel (bib53) 1997; 2
Shiraz, Gani, Khokhar, Buyya (bib75) 2013; 15
Abolfazli, Sanaei, Ahmed, Gani, Buyya (bib3) 2014; 16
Amazon, Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2); 2013. URL
Greschler, Mangan (bib34) 2002; 12
Sanaei, Abolfazli, Gani, Buyya (bib69) 2014; 16
Liu Q, Jian X, Hu J, Zhao H, Zhang S. An optimized solution for mobile environment using mobile cloud computing. In: Proceedings of the fifth international conference on wireless communications, networking and mobile computing (WiCom׳09), Beijing, China. IEEE; 2009. p. 1–5.
Niu, Song, Atiquzzaman (bib54) 2014; 37
Abebe E, Ryan C. A hybrid granularity graph for improving adaptive application partitioning efficacy in mobile computing environments. In: Proceedings of the 10th IEEE international symposium on network computing and applications (NCA׳11), Cambridge, MA, USA. IEEE; 2011. p. 59–66.
.
Shiraz, Whaiduzzaman, Gani (bib74) 2013; 1
Tilevich E, Smaragdakis Y. J-orchestra: automatic java application partitioning. In: Proceedings of the 16th European conference on object-oriented programming (ECOOP׳02), Malaga, Spain. Springer-Verlag; 2006. p. 178–204.
Verbelen, Simoens, Turck, Dhoedt (bib83) 2014; 41
Balan R, Flinn J, Satyanarayanan M, Sinnamohideen S, Yang HI. The case for cyber foraging. In: Proceedings of the 10th workshop on ACM SIGOPS European workshop (EW׳02), Saint-Emilion, France. ACM; 2002. p. 87–92.
Giurgiu I, Riva O, Alonso G. Dynamic software deployment from clouds to mobile devices. In: Proceedings of the 13th international middleware conference (Middleware׳12), Montreal, QC, Canada. Springer-Verlag; 2012. p. 394–414.
Smit M, Shtern M, Simmons B, Litoiu M. Partitioning applications for hybrid and federated clouds. In: Proceedings of the conference of the center for advanced studies on collaborative research (CASCON׳12), Toronto, Ontario, Canada. IBM Corp; 2012. p. 27–41.
Ou S, Yang K, Liotta A. An adaptive multi-constraint partitioning algorithm for offloading in pervasive systems. In: Proceedings of the fourth annual IEEE international conference on pervasive computing and communications (PerCom׳06), Pisa, Italy. IEEE; 2006. p. 116–25.
Yang X, Pan T, Shen J. On 3G mobile e-commerce platform based on cloud computing. In: Proceedings of the third IEEE international conference ubi-media computing (U-Media׳10), Jinhua, China. IEEE; 2010. p. 198–201.
Chun BG, Ihm S, Maniatis P, Naik M, Patti A. Clonecloud: elastic execution between mobile device and cloud. In: Proceedings of the sixth conference on computer systems (EuroSys׳11), Salzburg, Austria. ACM; 2011. p. 301–14.
Peters (bib61) 2007; 8
Shiraz, Ahmed, Gani, Han (bib76) 2014; 67
Yang L, Cao J, Tang S, Li T, Chan ATS. A framework for partitioning and execution of data stream applications in mobile cloud computing. In: Proceedings of the IEEE fifth international conference on cloud computing (CLOUD׳12), Honolulu, HI, USA. IEEE; 2012b. p. 794–802.
Armbrust, Fox, Griffith, Joseph, Katz, Konwinski (bib8) 2010; 53
Balan RK, Gergle D, Satyanarayanan M, Herbsleb J. Simplifying cyber foraging for mobile devices. In: Proceedings of the fifth international conference on mobile systems, applications, and services (MobiSys׳07), San Juan, Puerto Rico. ACM; 2007. p. 272–85.
Gu X, Nahrstedt K, Messer A, Greenberg I, Milojicic D. Adaptive offloading inference for delivering applications in pervasive computing environments. In: Proceedings of the first IEEE international conference on pervasive computing and communications (PerCom ׳03), Lugano, Switzerland. IEEE; 2003. p. 107–14.
Bialek R, Jul E, Schneider JG, Jin Y. Partitioning of java applications to support dynamic updates. In: Proceedings of the 11th Asia-Pacific software engineering conference (APSEC 2004), Busan, Korea. IEEE; 2004. p. 616–23.
Gass (bib25) 2003
Satyanarayanan, Bahl, Caceres, Davies (bib71) 2009; 8
Bhardwaj, Jain, Jain (bib12) 2010; 2
Engblom J, Ermedahl A. Modeling complex flows for worst-case execution time analysis. In: Proceedings of the 21st IEEE real-time systems symposium (RTSS׳00), Orlando, FL, USA. IEEE; 2000. p. 163–74.
Li CJ, Liu L, Chen SZ, Wu CC, Huang CH, Chen XM. Mobile healthcare service system using RFID. In: Proceedings of the IEEE international conference on networking, sensing and control (ICNSC׳04), Taipei, Taiwan, vol. 2. IEEE; 2004. p. 1014–9.
Lawton (bib44) 2008; 41
Shiraz, Abolfazli, Sanaei, Gani (bib73) 2013; 63
Microsoft, Microsoft Azure; 2013. URL
Briand, Wieczorek (bib14) 2002
Dinh, Lee, Niyato, Wang (bib19) 2011; 13
Ou S, Yang K, Hu L. Cross: a combined routing and surrogate selection algorithm for pervasive service offloading in mobile ad hoc environments. In: Proceedings of the IEEE global telecommunications conference (GLOBECOM׳07), Washington, DC, USA. IEEE; 2007. p. 720–725.
Kovachev, Klamma (bib41) 2012; 1
Levine, Akyildiz, Naghshineh (bib45) 1997; 5
Windsor Holden D. Mobile cloud application & services. Technical report, Juniper Research; 2010. URL
Yu, Ma, Cao, Lu (bib92) 2013; 9
Pedrosa LD, Kothari N, Govindan R, Vaughan J, Millstein T. The case for complexity prediction in automatic partitioning of cloud-enabled mobile applications. Technical report. Los Angeles, USA: University of Southern California; 2012.
Kosta S, Aucinas A, Hui P, Mortier R, Zhang X. ThinkAir: dynamic resource allocation and parallel execution in the cloud for mobile code offloading. In: Proceedings of the 31st annual IEEE international conference on computer communications (INFOCOM׳12). Orlando, FL, USA: IEEE; 2012. p. 945–53.
Verbelen, Stevens, Turck, Dhoedt (bib82) 2013; 29
Kumar, Liu, Lu, Bhargava (bib43) 2012; 18
Reddy, Ranjan (bib66) 2003; 44
Hung, Shih, Shieh, Lee, Huang (bib37) 2012; 63
Wei S, Xin Z, Chang Jie G, Pei S, Hui S. Software as a service: configuration and customization perspectives. In: Proceedings of the IEEE congress on services part II (SERVICES-2׳08), Beijing, China. IEEE; 2008. p. 18–25.
Google, Google AppEngine; 2013. URL
Newton R, Toledo S, Girod L, Balakrishnan H, Madden S. Wishbone: Profile-based partitioning for sensornet applications. In: Proceedings of the sixth USENIX Symposium on networked systems design and implementation (NSDI׳09), Boston, MA. USENIX Association Berkeley; 2009. p. 395–408.
Rahbar A. An E-Ambulatory healthcare system using mobile network. In: Proceedings of the seventh international conference on information technology: new generations (ITNG׳10), Las Vegas, NV, USA. IEEE; 2010. p. 1269–73.
Veda A. Application partitioning—a dynamic. Runtime, object-level approach [Master׳s thesis]. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay; 2006.
Goraczko M, Liu J, Lymberopoulos D, Matic S, Priyantha B, Zhao F. Energy-optimal software partitioning in heterogeneous multiprocessor embedded systems. In: Proceedings of the 45th annual design automation conference (DAC׳08), Anaheim, CA, USA. ACM; 2008. p. 191–6.
Ra MR, Priyantha B, Kansal A, Liu J. Improving energy efficiency of personal sensing applications with heterogeneous multi-processors. In: Proceedings of the 14th international conference on ubiquitous computing (Ubicomp׳12), Pittsburgh, PA, USA. ACM; 2012. p. 1–10.
Rudenko, Reiher, Popek, Kuenning (bib68) 1998; 2
Fahringer, Jugravu (bib21) 2005; 17
Verbelen, Stevens, De Turck, Dhoedt (bib81) 2012; 29
Abebe, Ryan (bib2) 2012; 85
Amazon, Amazon Web Services Elastic Beanstalk; 2013. URL
Chun B-G, Maniatis P. Augmented smartphone applications through clone cloud execution. In: Proceedings of the eighth workshop on hot topics in operating systems (HotOS׳09), Monte Verita, Switzerland. USENIX Association Berkeley; 2009. p. 8–16.
Abolfazli, Sanaei, Gani, Xia, Yang (bib4) 2014; 40
Yang L, Cao J, Cheng H. Resource constrained multi-user computation partitioning for interactive mobile cloud applications. Technical report. Department of Computing, Hong Kong Polytechnical University; 2012a.
Jamwal V, Iyer S. Automated refactoring of objects for application partitioning. In: Proceedings of the 12th Asia-Pacific software engineering conference (APSEC׳05), Taipei, Taiwan. IEEE; 2005. p. 671–8.
Prgomet, Georgiou, Westbrook (bib62) 2009; 16
Gani, Nayeem, Shiraz, Sookhak, Whaiduzzaman, Khan (bib23) 2014; 43
Google, Google Drive; 2013. URL
Fernando, Loke, Rahayu (bib22) 2012; 29
Navimipour, Rahmani, Navin, Hosseinzadeh (bib51) 2014; 41
Vidyanand C. Software as a service: implications for investment in software development. In:
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib32
Kovachev (10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib41) 2012; 1
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib33
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib77
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib78
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib35
Kumar (10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib43) 2012; 18
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib79
Abolfazli (10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib3) 2014; 16
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib36
Manvi (10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib48) 2014; 41
Fernando (10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib22) 2012; 29
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib38
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib39
Shiraz (10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib74) 2013; 1
Armbrust (10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib8) 2010; 53
Greschler (10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib34) 2002; 12
Briand (10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib14) 2002
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib30
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib31
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib9
Hung (10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib37) 2012; 63
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib65
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib67
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib26
Navimipour (10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib51) 2014; 41
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib27
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib28
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib1
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib29
Verbelen (10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib83) 2014; 41
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib5
Gass (10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib25) 2003
Satyanarayanan (10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib70) 2001; 8
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib6
Yeo (10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib91) 2014; 43
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib7
Kumar (10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib42) 2010; 43
Verbelen (10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib81) 2012; 29
Chu (10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib15) 2004; 69
Niemann (10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib53) 1997; 2
Levine (10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib45) 1997; 5
Fahringer (10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib21) 2005; 17
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib60
Lawton (10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib44) 2008; 41
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib63
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib20
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib64
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib10
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib55
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib56
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib13
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib57
Prgomet (10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib62) 2009; 16
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib59
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib16
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib17
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib18
Abolfazli (10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib4) 2014; 40
Garey (10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib24) 1979
Bhardwaj (10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib12) 2010; 2
Shiraz (10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib75) 2013; 15
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib90
Wang (10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib85) 2004; 39
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib50
Peters (10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib61) 2007; 8
Yu (10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib92) 2013; 9
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib52
Shiraz (10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib76) 2014; 67
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib87
Verbelen (10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib82) 2013; 29
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib88
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib89
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib46
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib47
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib49
Reddy (10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib66) 2003; 44
Satyanarayanan (10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib71) 2009; 8
Abebe (10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib2) 2012; 85
Bentley (10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib11) 1986; 29
Dinh (10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib19) 2011; 13
Sanaei (10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib69) 2014; 16
Gani (10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib23) 2014; 43
Shiraz (10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib73) 2013; 63
Park (10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib58) 2014; 40
Sharifi (10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib72) 2011; 14
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib80
Niu (10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib54) 2014; 37
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib40
Rudenko (10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib68) 1998; 2
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib84
10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib86
References_xml – volume: 15
  start-page: 1294
  year: 2013
  end-page: 1313
  ident: bib75
  article-title: A review on distributed application processing frameworks in smart mobile devices for mobile cloud computing
  publication-title: Commun Surv Tutor
– reference: Pathak A, Hu YC, Zhang M, Bahl P, Wang YM. S.o.E. Engineering, computer, enabling automatic offloading of resource-intensive smartphone applications. Technical report. United States: Purdue University; 2011. URL 〈
– reference: Heroku. Heroku; 2013. URL 〈
– volume: 40
  start-page: 105
  year: 2014
  end-page: 115
  ident: bib58
  article-title: Design and evaluation of mobile offloading system for web-centric devices
  publication-title: J Netw Comput Appl
– volume: 29
  start-page: 84
  year: 2012
  end-page: 106
  ident: bib22
  article-title: Mobile cloud computing
  publication-title: Future Gener Comput Syst
– reference: Goyal S, Carter J. A lightweight secure cyber foraging infrastructure for resource-constrained devices. In: Proceedings of the sixth IEEE workshop on mobile computing systems and applications (WMCSA׳04), English Lake District, UK. IEEE; 2004. p. 186–95.
– reference: Amazon, Amazon Web Services Elastic Beanstalk; 2013. URL 〈
– reference: Jamwal V, Iyer S. Automated refactoring of objects for application partitioning. In: Proceedings of the 12th Asia-Pacific software engineering conference (APSEC׳05), Taipei, Taiwan. IEEE; 2005. p. 671–8.
– volume: 43
  start-page: 142
  year: 2014
  end-page: 156
  ident: bib91
  article-title: Leveraging client-side storage techniques for enhanced use of multiple consumer cloud storage services on resource-constrained mobile devices
  publication-title: J Netw Comput Appl
– reference: Rellermeyer JS, Riva O, Alonso G. AlfredO: an architecture for flexible interaction with electronic devices. In: Proceedings of the ninth ACM/IFIP/USENIX international conference on middleware (Middleware׳08), Leuven, Belgium. New York: Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.; 2008. p. 22–41.
– reference: Gu X, Nahrstedt K, Messer A, Greenberg I, Milojicic D. Adaptive offloading inference for delivering applications in pervasive computing environments. In: Proceedings of the first IEEE international conference on pervasive computing and communications (PerCom ׳03), Lugano, Switzerland. IEEE; 2003. p. 107–14.
– reference: Vidyanand C. Software as a service: implications for investment in software development. In: Proceedings of the 40th annual Hawaii international conference on system sciences (HICSS׳07), Wailea, HI, USA. IEEE; 2007. p. 209–19.
– volume: 8
  start-page: 1
  year: 2007
  end-page: 17
  ident: bib61
  article-title: m-Learning
  publication-title: Int Rev Res Open Distance Learn
– volume: 29
  start-page: 451
  year: 2012
  end-page: 459
  ident: bib81
  article-title: Graph partitioning algorithms for optimizing software deployment in mobile cloud computing
  publication-title: Future Gener Comput Syst
– volume: 29
  start-page: 451
  year: 2013
  end-page: 459
  ident: bib82
  article-title: Graph partitioning algorithms for optimizing software deployment in mobile cloud computing
  publication-title: Future Gener Comput Syst
– reference: Goraczko M, Liu J, Lymberopoulos D, Matic S, Priyantha B, Zhao F. Energy-optimal software partitioning in heterogeneous multiprocessor embedded systems. In: Proceedings of the 45th annual design automation conference (DAC׳08), Anaheim, CA, USA. ACM; 2008. p. 191–6.
– reference: Windsor Holden D. Mobile cloud application & services. Technical report, Juniper Research; 2010. URL 〈
– reference: Giurgiu I, Riva O, Alonso G. Dynamic software deployment from clouds to mobile devices. In: Proceedings of the 13th international middleware conference (Middleware׳12), Montreal, QC, Canada. Springer-Verlag; 2012. p. 394–414.
– volume: 37
  start-page: 334
  year: 2014
  end-page: 347
  ident: bib54
  article-title: Bandwidth-adaptive partitioning for distributed execution optimization of mobile applications
  publication-title: J Netw Comput Appl
– volume: 16
  start-page: 369
  year: 2014
  end-page: 392
  ident: bib69
  article-title: Heterogeneity in mobile cloud computing
  publication-title: IEEE Commun Surv Tutor
– reference: Google, Google AppEngine; 2013. URL: 〈
– volume: 18
  start-page: 129
  year: 2012
  end-page: 140
  ident: bib43
  article-title: A survey of computation offloading for mobile systems
  publication-title: Mob Netw Appl
– volume: 41
  start-page: 424
  year: 2014
  end-page: 440
  ident: bib48
  article-title: Resource management for infrastructure as a service (IAAS) in cloud computing
  publication-title: J Netw Comput Appl
– reference: Yang X, Pan T, Shen J. On 3G mobile e-commerce platform based on cloud computing. In: Proceedings of the third IEEE international conference ubi-media computing (U-Media׳10), Jinhua, China. IEEE; 2010. p. 198–201.
– reference: Smit M, Shtern M, Simmons B, Litoiu M. Partitioning applications for hybrid and federated clouds. In: Proceedings of the conference of the center for advanced studies on collaborative research (CASCON׳12), Toronto, Ontario, Canada. IBM Corp; 2012. p. 27–41.
– volume: 29
  start-page: 711
  year: 1986
  end-page: 721
  ident: bib11
  article-title: Programming pearls
  publication-title: Commun ACM
– reference: 〉.
– volume: 1
  start-page: 6
  year: 2012
  end-page: 15
  ident: bib41
  article-title: Framework for computation offloading in mobile cloud computing
  publication-title: Int J Interact Multimed Artif Intell
– volume: 17
  start-page: 1005
  year: 2005
  end-page: 1025
  ident: bib21
  article-title: JavaSymphony
  publication-title: Concurr Comput: Pract Exp
– volume: 41
  start-page: 206
  year: 2014
  end-page: 216
  ident: bib83
  article-title: Adaptive deployment and configuration for mobile augmented reality in the cloudlet
  publication-title: J Netw Comput Appl
– reference: Bialek R, Jul E, Schneider JG, Jin Y. Partitioning of java applications to support dynamic updates. In: Proceedings of the 11th Asia-Pacific software engineering conference (APSEC 2004), Busan, Korea. IEEE; 2004. p. 616–23.
– reference: Giurgiu I, Riva O, Juric D, Krivulev I, Alonso G. Calling the cloud: enabling mobile phones as interfaces to cloud applications. In: Proceedings of the ACM/IFIP/USENIX 10th international conference on middleware (Middleware׳09), Urbana, IL, USA. Springer-Verlag; 2009. p. 83–102.
– reference: Li CJ, Liu L, Chen SZ, Wu CC, Huang CH, Chen XM. Mobile healthcare service system using RFID. In: Proceedings of the IEEE international conference on networking, sensing and control (ICNSC׳04), Taipei, Taiwan, vol. 2. IEEE; 2004. p. 1014–9.
– volume: 53
  start-page: 50
  year: 2010
  end-page: 58
  ident: bib8
  article-title: A view of cloud computing
  publication-title: Commun ACM
– year: 2003
  ident: bib25
  article-title: Linear programming: methods and applications
– reference: Google, Google Drive; 2013. URL: 〈
– reference: Amazon, Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2); 2013. URL: 〈
– volume: 5
  start-page: 1
  year: 1997
  end-page: 12
  ident: bib45
  article-title: A resource estimation and call admission algorithm for wireless multimedia networks using the shadow cluster concept
  publication-title: IEEE/ACM Trans Netw
– volume: 16
  start-page: 337
  year: 2014
  end-page: 368
  ident: bib3
  article-title: Cloud-based augmentation for mobile devices
  publication-title: IEEE Commun Surv Tutor
– volume: 8
  start-page: 10
  year: 2001
  end-page: 17
  ident: bib70
  article-title: Pervasive computing
  publication-title: IEEE Pers Commun
– volume: 44
  start-page: 2519
  year: 2003
  end-page: 2530
  ident: bib66
  article-title: Solar resource estimation using artificial neural networks and comparison with other correlation models
  publication-title: Energy Convers Manag
– reference: Chun BG, Ihm S, Maniatis P, Naik M, Patti A. Clonecloud: elastic execution between mobile device and cloud. In: Proceedings of the sixth conference on computer systems (EuroSys׳11), Salzburg, Austria. ACM; 2011. p. 301–14.
– year: 1979
  ident: bib24
  article-title: Computers and intractability: a guide to the theory of np-completeness
– reference: Abebe E, Ryan C. A hybrid granularity graph for improving adaptive application partitioning efficacy in mobile computing environments. In: Proceedings of the 10th IEEE international symposium on network computing and applications (NCA׳11), Cambridge, MA, USA. IEEE; 2011. p. 59–66.
– reference: Google, GMail; 2013. URL: 〈
– volume: 14
  start-page: 1232
  year: 2011
  end-page: 1243
  ident: bib72
  article-title: A survey and taxonomy of cyber foraging of mobile devices
  publication-title: Commun Surv Tutor
– volume: 43
  start-page: 84
  year: 2014
  end-page: 102
  ident: bib23
  article-title: A review on interworking and mobility techniques for seamless connectivity in mobile cloud computing
  publication-title: J Netw Comput Appl
– reference: Yang L, Cao J, Tang S, Li T, Chan ATS. A framework for partitioning and execution of data stream applications in mobile cloud computing. In: Proceedings of the IEEE fifth international conference on cloud computing (CLOUD׳12), Honolulu, HI, USA. IEEE; 2012b. p. 794–802.
– reference: Kosta S, Aucinas A, Hui P, Mortier R, Zhang X. ThinkAir: dynamic resource allocation and parallel execution in the cloud for mobile code offloading. In: Proceedings of the 31st annual IEEE international conference on computer communications (INFOCOM׳12). Orlando, FL, USA: IEEE; 2012. p. 945–53.
– reference: Ra MR, Priyantha B, Kansal A, Liu J. Improving energy efficiency of personal sensing applications with heterogeneous multi-processors. In: Proceedings of the 14th international conference on ubiquitous computing (Ubicomp׳12), Pittsburgh, PA, USA. ACM; 2012. p. 1–10.
– volume: 9
  start-page: 2
  year: 2013
  end-page: 17
  ident: bib92
  article-title: Application mobility in pervasive computing
  publication-title: Pervas Mob Comput
– volume: 41
  start-page: 389
  year: 2014
  end-page: 410
  ident: bib51
  article-title: Resource discovery mechanisms in grid systems
  publication-title: J Netw Comput Appl
– reference: Wei S, Xin Z, Chang Jie G, Pei S, Hui S. Software as a service: configuration and customization perspectives. In: Proceedings of the IEEE congress on services part II (SERVICES-2׳08), Beijing, China. IEEE; 2008. p. 18–25.
– volume: 43
  start-page: 51
  year: 2010
  end-page: 56
  ident: bib42
  article-title: Cloud computing for mobile users
  publication-title: Computer
– reference: Balan RK, Gergle D, Satyanarayanan M, Herbsleb J. Simplifying cyber foraging for mobile devices. In: Proceedings of the fifth international conference on mobile systems, applications, and services (MobiSys׳07), San Juan, Puerto Rico. ACM; 2007. p. 272–85.
– reference: Microsoft, Microsoft Office 365; 2013. URL: 〈
– reference: Cuervo E, Balasubramanian A, Cho D, Wolman A, Saroiu S, Chandra R, et al. 2010. MAUI: making smartphones last longer with code offload. In: Proceedings of the eighth international conference on mobile systems, applications, and services (MobiSys׳10), Breckenridge, CO, USA. ACM; 2010. p. 49–62.
– reference: Keller E, Rexford J. The platform as a service model for networking. In: Proceedings of the 2010 internet network management conference on research on enterprise networking (INM/WREN׳10), San Jose, CA, vol. 10. USENIX Association Berkeley; 2010. p. 95–108.
– reference: Ou S, Yang K, Liotta A. An adaptive multi-constraint partitioning algorithm for offloading in pervasive systems. In: Proceedings of the fourth annual IEEE international conference on pervasive computing and communications (PerCom׳06), Pisa, Italy. IEEE; 2006. p. 116–25.
– volume: 69
  start-page: 209
  year: 2004
  end-page: 226
  ident: bib15
  article-title: Roam
  publication-title: J Syst Softw
– reference: Ou S, Yang K, Hu L. Cross: a combined routing and surrogate selection algorithm for pervasive service offloading in mobile ad hoc environments. In: Proceedings of the IEEE global telecommunications conference (GLOBECOM׳07), Washington, DC, USA. IEEE; 2007. p. 720–725.
– reference: Rahbar A. An E-Ambulatory healthcare system using mobile network. In: Proceedings of the seventh international conference on information technology: new generations (ITNG׳10), Las Vegas, NV, USA. IEEE; 2010. p. 1269–73.
– reference: Liu Q, Jian X, Hu J, Zhao H, Zhang S. An optimized solution for mobile environment using mobile cloud computing. In: Proceedings of the fifth international conference on wireless communications, networking and mobile computing (WiCom׳09), Beijing, China. IEEE; 2009. p. 1–5.
– reference: Prodan R, Ostermann S. A survey and taxonomy of infrastructure as a service and web hosting cloud providers. In: Proceedings of the 10th IEEE/ACM international conference on grid computing (CCGrid׳09), Shanghai, China. IEEE; 2009. p. 17–25.
– reference: Tilevich E, Smaragdakis Y. J-orchestra: automatic java application partitioning. In: Proceedings of the 16th European conference on object-oriented programming (ECOOP׳02), Malaga, Spain. Springer-Verlag; 2006. p. 178–204.
– volume: 2
  start-page: 60
  year: 2010
  end-page: 63
  ident: bib12
  article-title: Cloud computing
  publication-title: Int J Eng Inf Technol
– reference: Pedrosa LD, Kothari N, Govindan R, Vaughan J, Millstein T. The case for complexity prediction in automatic partitioning of cloud-enabled mobile applications. Technical report. Los Angeles, USA: University of Southern California; 2012.
– reference: Veda A. Application partitioning—a dynamic. Runtime, object-level approach [Master׳s thesis]. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay; 2006.
– year: 2002
  ident: bib14
  article-title: Resource estimation in software engineering
– reference: Chun B-G, Maniatis P. Augmented smartphone applications through clone cloud execution. In: Proceedings of the eighth workshop on hot topics in operating systems (HotOS׳09), Monte Verita, Switzerland. USENIX Association Berkeley; 2009. p. 8–16.
– reference: Microsoft, Microsoft Azure; 2013. URL: 〈
– volume: 67
  start-page: 84
  year: 2014
  end-page: 103
  ident: bib76
  article-title: Investigation on runtime partitioning of elastic mobile applications for mobile cloud computing
  publication-title: J Supercomput
– reference: OnLive. onlive; 2013. URL: 〈
– reference: Google, Google Apps; 2013. URL 〈
– volume: 2
  start-page: 19
  year: 1998
  end-page: 26
  ident: bib68
  article-title: Saving portable computer battery power through remote process execution
  publication-title: ACM SIGMOBILE Mob Comput Commun Rev
– volume: 85
  start-page: 2755
  year: 2012
  end-page: 2769
  ident: bib2
  article-title: Adaptive application offloading using distributed abstract class graphs in mobile environments
  publication-title: J Syst Softw
– volume: 41
  start-page: 13
  year: 2008
  end-page: 15
  ident: bib44
  article-title: Developing software online with platform-as-a-service technology
  publication-title: Computer
– reference: Balan R, Flinn J, Satyanarayanan M, Sinnamohideen S, Yang HI. The case for cyber foraging. In: Proceedings of the 10th workshop on ACM SIGOPS European workshop (EW׳02), Saint-Emilion, France. ACM; 2002. p. 87–92.
– reference: Engblom J, Ermedahl A. Modeling complex flows for worst-case execution time analysis. In: Proceedings of the 21st IEEE real-time systems symposium (RTSS׳00), Orlando, FL, USA. IEEE; 2000. p. 163–74.
– volume: 2
  start-page: 165
  year: 1997
  end-page: 193
  ident: bib53
  article-title: An algorithm for hardware/software partitioning using mixed integer linear programming
  publication-title: Des Autom Embed Syst
– reference: .
– volume: 1
  start-page: 24
  year: 2013
  end-page: 31
  ident: bib74
  article-title: A study on anatomy of smartphone
  publication-title: Comput Commun Collab
– reference: Sinha K, Kulkarni M. Techniques for fine-grained, multi-site computation offloading. In: Proceedings of the 11th IEEE/ACM international symposium on cluster, cloud and grid computing (CCGrid׳11), Newport Beach, CA, USA. IEEE; 2011. p. 184–94.
– reference: AR Report. Mobile cloud applications; 2010. URL 〈
– volume: 40
  start-page: 345
  year: 2014
  end-page: 362
  ident: bib4
  article-title: Rich mobile applications
  publication-title: J Netw Comput Appl
– volume: 39
  start-page: 119
  year: 2004
  end-page: 130
  ident: bib85
  article-title: Parametric analysis for adaptive computation offloading
  publication-title: ACM SIGPLAN Not
– reference: Yang L, Cao J, Cheng H. Resource constrained multi-user computation partitioning for interactive mobile cloud applications. Technical report. Department of Computing, Hong Kong Polytechnical University; 2012a.
– reference: Newton R, Toledo S, Girod L, Balakrishnan H, Madden S. Wishbone: Profile-based partitioning for sensornet applications. In: Proceedings of the sixth USENIX Symposium on networked systems design and implementation (NSDI׳09), Boston, MA. USENIX Association Berkeley; 2009. p. 395–408.
– volume: 8
  start-page: 14
  year: 2009
  end-page: 23
  ident: bib71
  article-title: The case for VM-based cloudlets in mobile computing
  publication-title: IEEE Pervas Comput
– volume: 13
  start-page: 1587
  year: 2011
  end-page: 1611
  ident: bib19
  article-title: A survey of mobile cloud computing
  publication-title: Wirel Commun Mob Comput
– volume: 63
  start-page: 946
  year: 2013
  end-page: 964
  ident: bib73
  article-title: A study on virtual machine deployment for application outsourcing in mobile cloud computing
  publication-title: J Supercomput
– volume: 12
  start-page: 317
  year: 2002
  end-page: 321
  ident: bib34
  article-title: Networking lessons in delivering ‘software as a service’
  publication-title: Int J Netw Manag
– volume: 63
  start-page: 573
  year: 2012
  end-page: 587
  ident: bib37
  article-title: Executing mobile applications on the cloud
  publication-title: Comput Math Appl
– volume: 16
  start-page: 792
  year: 2009
  end-page: 801
  ident: bib62
  article-title: The impact of mobile handheld technology on hospital physicians׳ work practices and patient care: a systematic review
  publication-title: J Am Med Informatics Assoc
– ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib17
  doi: 10.1145/1966445.1966473
– ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib36
– volume: 85
  start-page: 2755
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib2
  article-title: Adaptive application offloading using distributed abstract class graphs in mobile environments
  publication-title: J Syst Softw
  doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2012.05.091
– ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib9
  doi: 10.1145/1133373.1133390
– ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib86
  doi: 10.1109/SERVICES-2.2008.29
– volume: 43
  start-page: 142
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib91
  article-title: Leveraging client-side storage techniques for enhanced use of multiple consumer cloud storage services on resource-constrained mobile devices
  publication-title: J Netw Comput Appl
  doi: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.04.006
– ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib18
  doi: 10.1145/1814433.1814441
– volume: 2
  start-page: 165
  year: 1997
  ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib53
  article-title: An algorithm for hardware/software partitioning using mixed integer linear programming
  publication-title: Des Autom Embed Syst
  doi: 10.1023/A:1008832202436
– ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib55
– ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib78
– volume: 40
  start-page: 345
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib4
  article-title: Rich mobile applications
  publication-title: J Netw Comput Appl
  doi: 10.1016/j.jnca.2013.09.009
– volume: 29
  start-page: 711
  year: 1986
  ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib11
  article-title: Programming pearls
  publication-title: Commun ACM
  doi: 10.1145/6424.315691
– volume: 29
  start-page: 451
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib81
  article-title: Graph partitioning algorithms for optimizing software deployment in mobile cloud computing
  publication-title: Future Gener Comput Syst
  doi: 10.1016/j.future.2012.07.003
– ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib59
– volume: 41
  start-page: 389
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib51
  article-title: Resource discovery mechanisms in grid systems
  publication-title: J Netw Comput Appl
  doi: 10.1016/j.jnca.2013.09.013
– volume: 2
  start-page: 19
  year: 1998
  ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib68
  article-title: Saving portable computer battery power through remote process execution
  publication-title: ACM SIGMOBILE Mob Comput Commun Rev
  doi: 10.1145/584007.584008
– ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib6
– ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib33
  doi: 10.1109/MCSA.2004.2
– volume: 1
  start-page: 24
  year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib74
  article-title: A study on anatomy of smartphone
  publication-title: Comput Commun Collab
– ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib90
  doi: 10.1109/CLOUD.2012.97
– ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib87
– ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib49
– volume: 8
  start-page: 1
  year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib61
  article-title: m-Learning
  publication-title: Int Rev Res Open Distance Learn
  doi: 10.19173/irrodl.v8i2.350
– volume: 8
  start-page: 10
  year: 2001
  ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib70
  article-title: Pervasive computing
  publication-title: IEEE Pers Commun
  doi: 10.1109/98.943998
– volume: 14
  start-page: 1232
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib72
  article-title: A survey and taxonomy of cyber foraging of mobile devices
  publication-title: Commun Surv Tutor
  doi: 10.1109/SURV.2011.111411.00016
– volume: 69
  start-page: 209
  year: 2004
  ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib15
  article-title: Roam
  publication-title: J Syst Softw
  doi: 10.1016/S0164-1212(03)00052-9
– ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib10
  doi: 10.1145/1247660.1247692
– ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib26
  doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-10445-9_5
– ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib16
– volume: 63
  start-page: 573
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib37
  article-title: Executing mobile applications on the cloud
  publication-title: Comput Math Appl
  doi: 10.1016/j.camwa.2011.10.044
– volume: 29
  start-page: 451
  year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib82
  article-title: Graph partitioning algorithms for optimizing software deployment in mobile cloud computing
  publication-title: Future Gener Comput Syst
  doi: 10.1016/j.future.2012.07.003
– ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib40
  doi: 10.1109/INFCOM.2012.6195845
– volume: 41
  start-page: 206
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib83
  article-title: Adaptive deployment and configuration for mobile augmented reality in the cloudlet
  publication-title: J Netw Comput Appl
  doi: 10.1016/j.jnca.2013.12.002
– ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib5
– volume: 16
  start-page: 792
  year: 2009
  ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib62
  article-title: The impact of mobile handheld technology on hospital physicians׳ work practices and patient care: a systematic review
  publication-title: J Am Med Informatics Assoc
  doi: 10.1197/jamia.M3215
– ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib27
  doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-35170-9_20
– volume: 15
  start-page: 1294
  year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib75
  article-title: A review on distributed application processing frameworks in smart mobile devices for mobile cloud computing
  publication-title: Commun Surv Tutor
  doi: 10.1109/SURV.2012.111412.00045
– volume: 41
  start-page: 13
  year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib44
  article-title: Developing software online with platform-as-a-service technology
  publication-title: Computer
  doi: 10.1109/MC.2008.185
– volume: 18
  start-page: 129
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib43
  article-title: A survey of computation offloading for mobile systems
  publication-title: Mob Netw Appl
  doi: 10.1007/s11036-012-0368-0
– ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib32
  doi: 10.1145/1391469.1391518
– volume: 9
  start-page: 2
  year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib92
  article-title: Application mobility in pervasive computing
  publication-title: Pervas Mob Comput
  doi: 10.1016/j.pmcj.2012.07.009
– ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib13
  doi: 10.1109/APSEC.2004.71
– volume: 12
  start-page: 317
  year: 2002
  ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib34
  article-title: Networking lessons in delivering ‘software as a service’
  publication-title: Int J Netw Manag
  doi: 10.1002/nem.446
– ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib20
  doi: 10.1109/REAL.2000.896006
– ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib30
– ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib79
  doi: 10.1007/3-540-47993-7_8
– ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib38
– volume: 41
  start-page: 424
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib48
  article-title: Resource management for infrastructure as a service (IAAS) in cloud computing
  publication-title: J Netw Comput Appl
  doi: 10.1016/j.jnca.2013.10.004
– volume: 63
  start-page: 946
  year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib73
  article-title: A study on virtual machine deployment for application outsourcing in mobile cloud computing
  publication-title: J Supercomput
  doi: 10.1007/s11227-012-0846-y
– ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib88
  doi: 10.1109/UMEDIA.2010.5544470
– ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib50
– ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib1
  doi: 10.1109/NCA.2011.16
– volume: 5
  start-page: 1
  year: 1997
  ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib45
  article-title: A resource estimation and call admission algorithm for wireless multimedia networks using the shadow cluster concept
  publication-title: IEEE/ACM Trans Netw
  doi: 10.1109/90.554717
– volume: 13
  start-page: 1587
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib19
  article-title: A survey of mobile cloud computing
  publication-title: Wirel Commun Mob Comput
  doi: 10.1002/wcm.1203
– year: 1979
  ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib24
– volume: 44
  start-page: 2519
  year: 2003
  ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib66
  article-title: Solar resource estimation using artificial neural networks and comparison with other correlation models
  publication-title: Energy Convers Manag
  doi: 10.1016/S0196-8904(03)00009-8
– ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib47
  doi: 10.1109/WICOM.2009.5302240
– volume: 16
  start-page: 337
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib3
  article-title: Cloud-based augmentation for mobile devices
  publication-title: IEEE Commun Surv Tutor
  doi: 10.1109/SURV.2013.070813.00285
– year: 2002
  ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib14
– ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib28
– ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib89
– ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib64
  doi: 10.1145/2370216.2370218
– ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib63
  doi: 10.1109/GRID.2009.5353074
– year: 2003
  ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib25
– ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib65
  doi: 10.1109/ITNG.2010.239
– ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib46
  doi: 10.1109/ICNSC.2004.1297086
– ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib84
  doi: 10.1109/HICSS.2007.493
– ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib35
– ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib60
– ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib57
  doi: 10.1109/GLOCOM.2007.140
– volume: 29
  start-page: 84
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib22
  article-title: Mobile cloud computing
  publication-title: Future Gener Comput Syst
  doi: 10.1016/j.future.2012.05.023
– volume: 8
  start-page: 14
  year: 2009
  ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib71
  article-title: The case for VM-based cloudlets in mobile computing
  publication-title: IEEE Pervas Comput
  doi: 10.1109/MPRV.2009.82
– ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib31
– ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib7
– volume: 16
  start-page: 369
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib69
  article-title: Heterogeneity in mobile cloud computing
  publication-title: IEEE Commun Surv Tutor
  doi: 10.1109/SURV.2013.050113.00090
– ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib39
– ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib52
– volume: 17
  start-page: 1005
  year: 2005
  ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib21
  article-title: JavaSymphony
  publication-title: Concurr Comput: Pract Exp
  doi: 10.1002/cpe.840
– ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib56
– volume: 39
  start-page: 119
  year: 2004
  ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib85
  article-title: Parametric analysis for adaptive computation offloading
  publication-title: ACM SIGPLAN Not
  doi: 10.1145/996893.996857
– volume: 53
  start-page: 50
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib8
  article-title: A view of cloud computing
  publication-title: Commun ACM
  doi: 10.1145/1721654.1721672
– volume: 43
  start-page: 51
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib42
  article-title: Cloud computing for mobile users
  publication-title: Computer
  doi: 10.1109/MC.2010.98
– ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib77
  doi: 10.1109/CCGrid.2011.69
– volume: 2
  start-page: 60
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib12
  article-title: Cloud computing
  publication-title: Int J Eng Inf Technol
– volume: 43
  start-page: 84
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib23
  article-title: A review on interworking and mobility techniques for seamless connectivity in mobile cloud computing
  publication-title: J Netw Comput Appl
  doi: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.04.009
– ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib67
  doi: 10.1007/978-3-540-89856-6_2
– volume: 1
  start-page: 6
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib41
  article-title: Framework for computation offloading in mobile cloud computing
  publication-title: Int J Interact Multimed Artif Intell
– volume: 37
  start-page: 334
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib54
  article-title: Bandwidth-adaptive partitioning for distributed execution optimization of mobile applications
  publication-title: J Netw Comput Appl
  doi: 10.1016/j.jnca.2013.03.007
– ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib29
– ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib80
– volume: 40
  start-page: 105
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib58
  article-title: Design and evaluation of mobile offloading system for web-centric devices
  publication-title: J Netw Comput Appl
  doi: 10.1016/j.jnca.2013.08.006
– volume: 67
  start-page: 84
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009_bib76
  article-title: Investigation on runtime partitioning of elastic mobile applications for mobile cloud computing
  publication-title: J Supercomput
  doi: 10.1007/s11227-013-0988-6
SSID ssj0006493
Score 2.446932
SecondaryResourceType review_article
Snippet Mobile cloud computing (MCC) enables the development of computational intensive mobile applications by leveraging the application processing services of...
SourceID crossref
elsevier
SourceType Enrichment Source
Index Database
Publisher
StartPage 99
SubjectTerms Algorithm
Application partitioning
Distributed application processing
Mobile cloud computing
Thematic taxonomy
Title Application partitioning algorithms in mobile cloud computing: Taxonomy, review and future directions
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.009
Volume 48
WOSCitedRecordID wos000348337000009&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights – providerCode: PRVESC
  databaseName: Elsevier SD Freedom Collection Journals 2021
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1095-8592
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0006493
  issn: 1084-8045
  databaseCode: AIEXJ
  dateStart: 19960101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.sciencedirect.com
  providerName: Elsevier
link http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV1Lj9MwELaqLgc48FhAu7zkA7eQVR7Ow9wqVAQIVkgU1FtkOw5N1SRVaVaFv8SfZBzbSWDRCpC4pJVbp9bMV8_4yzwQeiqKPPdCzlwG9s0lXCQuJyJ288LjYNBlnHR8x6e3yfl5ulzS95PJd5sLc7FJ6jo9HOj2v6oaxkDZKnX2L9Td3xQG4D0oHa6gdrj-keJnwyNpZ6s-t5Qr23xuduV-VXUhsFXDYUNwxKZpu8S2bWtznxfs0GU6KOmbzBbFruvqI462gT3Ld9mvrXVguU2Y63pGOOPn5H0MUNl2GCrlV9b0wFtVmn6dr9m3nv5ZlTvWMd3v2hWrKpb3YUO6JZUz4zmcpQ23bUgMP7Jxz5ZZs9k1QyiT2oy9lIAF1eUmz6QZo5GbRvSnHVzX6jRbsO63ZIy5rxNDL9kJTVmsz9aKN4IF6WK3Hh2sYh-r-EEtQ60CjqLgEKmj9lGQRDSdoqPZ6_nyTW_4Y0JNPodetsnR0uGEv_7S7_2gkW-zuI1uGuXhmQbTHTSR9TG6ZRt-YLP_H6Mbo-qVd5EcIQ2PkYYHpOGyxhppuEMa7pH2HFucPcMaZRgQgzXK8ICye-jjy_nixSvXdO1wBfG9vRvTRARceiIOQ0kLkF3hy4hRmSZpygspSBgIEjDwHQWhJA4JK-IoyKlQxeUiHt5H07qp5QnCXtCdKEIWBgW85IwLIlhAi5zAQChPkW9lmAlT0l51VtlkNnZxnSm5Z0rumUczkPspcvo5W13Q5cpvR1Y1mXFJtQAyQNIV8x7847yH6Prw93iEpvtdKx-ja-JiX37ZPTGA-wHli7WD
linkProvider Elsevier
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Application+partitioning+algorithms+in+mobile+cloud+computing%3A+Taxonomy%2C+review+and+future+directions&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+network+and+computer+applications&rft.au=Liu%2C+Jieyao&rft.au=Ahmed%2C+Ejaz&rft.au=Shiraz%2C+Muhammad&rft.au=Gani%2C+Abdullah&rft.date=2015-02-01&rft.pub=Elsevier+Ltd&rft.issn=1084-8045&rft.eissn=1095-8592&rft.volume=48&rft.spage=99&rft.epage=117&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnca.2014.09.009&rft.externalDocID=S1084804514002161
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=1084-8045&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=1084-8045&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=1084-8045&client=summon