Nanoparticle brain delivery: a guide to verification methods

Many reports conclude nanoparticle (NP) brain entry based on bulk brain analysis. Bulk brain includes blood, cerebrospinal fluid and blood vessels within the brain contributing to the blood–brain and blood–cerebrospinal fluid barriers. Considering the brain as neurons, glia and their extracellular s...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nanomedicine (London, England) Vol. 15; no. 4; pp. 409 - 432
Main Author: Yokel, Robert A
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: England Future Medicine Ltd 01.02.2020
Subjects:
Alzheimer's disease
Antiretroviral drugs
Blood
Blood-brain barrier
blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier
Brain
brain parenchyma
brain perfusion
capillary depletion
convection-enhanced delivery
microdialysis
Microscopy
mouse
nanoparticle
Nanoparticles
rat
Research methodology
mouse
blood–brain barrier
convection-enhanced delivery
microdialysis
rat
blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier
nanoparticle
brain parenchyma
capillary depletion
in situ brain perfusion
ISSN:1743-5889, 1748-6963, 1748-6963
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Many reports conclude nanoparticle (NP) brain entry based on bulk brain analysis. Bulk brain includes blood, cerebrospinal fluid and blood vessels within the brain contributing to the blood–brain and blood–cerebrospinal fluid barriers. Considering the brain as neurons, glia and their extracellular space (brain parenchyma), most studies did not show brain parenchymal NP entry. Blood–brain and blood–cerebrospinal fluid barriers anatomy and function are reviewed. Methods demonstrating brain parenchymal NP entry are presented. Results demonstrating bulk brain versus brain parenchymal entry are classified. Studies are reviewed, critiqued and classified to illustrate results demonstrating bulk brain versus parenchymal entry. Brain, blood and peripheral organ NP timecourses are compared and related to brain parenchymal entry evidence suggesting brain NP timecourse informs about brain parenchymal entry.
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ISSN:1743-5889
1748-6963
1748-6963
DOI:10.2217/nnm-2019-0169