Reorganizing the family Parvoviridae: a revised taxonomy independent of the canonical approach based on host association

Parvoviridae , a diverse family of small single-stranded DNA viruses was established in 1975. It was divided into two subfamilies, Parvovirinae and Densovirinae , in 1993 to accommodate parvoviruses that infect vertebrate and invertebrate animals, respectively. This relatively straightforward segreg...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Archives of virology Vol. 165; no. 9; pp. 2133 - 2146
Main Authors: Pénzes, Judit J., Söderlund-Venermo, Maria, Canuti, Marta, Eis-Hübinger, Anna Maria, Hughes, Joseph, Cotmore, Susan F., Harrach, Balázs
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Vienna Springer Vienna 01.09.2020
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:
Ambidensovirus
Amino acid sequence
amino acid sequences
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Classification
Divergence
DNA viruses
genome
Genomes
Homology
Infectious Diseases
Introduced species
Invertebrates
Medical Microbiology
New genera
Next-generation sequencing
Nucleotide sequence
paraphyly
Parvoviridae
Parvoviruses
Penstyldensovirus
Phylogeny
sequence homology
Single-stranded DNA
Taxonomic revision
taxonomic revisions
vertebrates
Virology
Virology Division News
Viruses
ISSN:0304-8608, 1432-8798, 1432-8798
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Parvoviridae , a diverse family of small single-stranded DNA viruses was established in 1975. It was divided into two subfamilies, Parvovirinae and Densovirinae , in 1993 to accommodate parvoviruses that infect vertebrate and invertebrate animals, respectively. This relatively straightforward segregation, using host association as the prime criterion for subfamily-level classification, has recently been challenged by the discovery of divergent, vertebrate-infecting parvoviruses, dubbed “chapparvoviruses”, which have proven to be more closely related to viruses in certain Densovirinae genera than to members of the Parvovirinae . Viruses belonging to these genera, namely Brevi -, Hepan - and Penstyldensovirus , are responsible for the unmatched heterogeneity of the subfamily Densovirinae when compared to the Parvovirinae in matters of genome organization, protein sequence homology, and phylogeny. Another genus of Densovirinae , Ambidensovirus , has challenged traditional parvovirus classification, as it includes all newly discovered densoviruses with an ambisense genome organization, which introduces genus-level paraphyly. Lastly, current taxon definition and virus inclusion criteria have significantly limited the classification of certain long-discovered parvoviruses and impedes the classification of some potential family members discovered using high-throughput sequencing methods. Here, we present a new and updated system for parvovirus classification, which includes the introduction of a third subfamily, Hamaparvovirinae , resolves the paraphyly within genus Ambidensovirus , and introduces new genera and species into the subfamily Parvovirinae . These proposals were accepted by the ICTV in 2020 March.
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ISSN:0304-8608
1432-8798
1432-8798
DOI:10.1007/s00705-020-04632-4