A two-phase fuzzy approach for solving multi-level decision-making problems

•A two-phase fuzzy goal programming (FGP) approach is developed for MLLP problems.•The first phase finds the solutions to satisfy decision makers in MLLP problems.•An adjustment scheme is then proposed to adjust the relative satisfaction.•Each DM can have the satisfaction degree that meets the requi...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:
Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:Knowledge-based systems Jg. 76; S. 189 - 199
Hauptverfasser: Chen, Liang-Hsuan, Chen, Hsin-Hung
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: Elsevier B.V 01.03.2015
Schlagworte:
ISSN:0950-7051, 1872-7409
Online-Zugang:Volltext
Tags: Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
Abstract •A two-phase fuzzy goal programming (FGP) approach is developed for MLLP problems.•The first phase finds the solutions to satisfy decision makers in MLLP problems.•An adjustment scheme is then proposed to adjust the relative satisfaction.•Each DM can have the satisfaction degree that meets the requirement for MLLP problems. This paper develops a two-phase fuzzy goal programming (FGP) approach for multi-level linear programming (MLLP) problems in an uncertain environment. A numerical MLLP model is established based on a confidence level. In the first phase, an FGP model is used to find a solution that reaches the overall satisfaction of all decision-makers (DMs), ensuring that the fuzzy goal of each higher-level DM is more satisfied than those of lower-level DMs. Since the higher-level DM has the direct authority to manage the subordinate DM, an adjustment scheme is provided in the second phase for each higher-level DM, who has the opportunity to increase or decrease the satisfaction degree of their fuzzy goal by changing the relative satisfaction of the lower-level DM compared to that of their higher-level DM. A fuzzy variable of the relative satisfaction containing a set of linguistic terms is provided for these adjustments. The adjustment processes are carried out sequentially, from the top to bottom in the hierarchical decision structure. The proposed FGP model in the second phase considers these sequential adjustments. A numerical example and comparisons with existing methods are used to demonstrate the applicability and performance of the proposed approach.
AbstractList •A two-phase fuzzy goal programming (FGP) approach is developed for MLLP problems.•The first phase finds the solutions to satisfy decision makers in MLLP problems.•An adjustment scheme is then proposed to adjust the relative satisfaction.•Each DM can have the satisfaction degree that meets the requirement for MLLP problems. This paper develops a two-phase fuzzy goal programming (FGP) approach for multi-level linear programming (MLLP) problems in an uncertain environment. A numerical MLLP model is established based on a confidence level. In the first phase, an FGP model is used to find a solution that reaches the overall satisfaction of all decision-makers (DMs), ensuring that the fuzzy goal of each higher-level DM is more satisfied than those of lower-level DMs. Since the higher-level DM has the direct authority to manage the subordinate DM, an adjustment scheme is provided in the second phase for each higher-level DM, who has the opportunity to increase or decrease the satisfaction degree of their fuzzy goal by changing the relative satisfaction of the lower-level DM compared to that of their higher-level DM. A fuzzy variable of the relative satisfaction containing a set of linguistic terms is provided for these adjustments. The adjustment processes are carried out sequentially, from the top to bottom in the hierarchical decision structure. The proposed FGP model in the second phase considers these sequential adjustments. A numerical example and comparisons with existing methods are used to demonstrate the applicability and performance of the proposed approach.
This paper develops a two-phase fuzzy goal programming (FGP) approach for multi-level linear programming (MLLP) problems in an uncertain environment. A numerical MLLP model is established based on a confidence level. In the first phase, an FGP model is used to find a solution that reaches the overall satisfaction of all decision-makers (DMs), ensuring that the fuzzy goal of each higher-level DM is more satisfied than those of lower-level DMs. Since the higher-level DM has the direct authority to manage the subordinate DM, an adjustment scheme is provided in the second phase for each higher-level DM, who has the opportunity to increase or decrease the satisfaction degree of their fuzzy goal by changing the relative satisfaction of the lower-level DM compared to that of their higher-level DM. A fuzzy variable of the relative satisfaction containing a set of linguistic terms is provided for these adjustments. The adjustment processes are carried out sequentially, from the top to bottom in the hierarchical decision structure. The proposed FGP model in the second phase considers these sequential adjustments. A numerical example and comparisons with existing methods are used to demonstrate the applicability and performance of the proposed approach.
Author Chen, Hsin-Hung
Chen, Liang-Hsuan
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Liang-Hsuan
  surname: Chen
  fullname: Chen, Liang-Hsuan
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Hsin-Hung
  surname: Chen
  fullname: Chen, Hsin-Hung
BookMark eNqFUD1PwzAQtVCRKIV_wJCRJcHnOmnCgFRVfIlKLDBbtnOhbp242GlR--txVSYGGE4nvXvv3d07J4POdUjIFdAMKBQ3y2zVubALGaPAM2BZBE_IEMoJSyecVgMypFVO0wnN4Yych7CklDIG5ZC8TJP-y6XrhQyYNJv9fpfI9do7qRdJ43wSnN2a7iNpN7Y3qcUt2qRGbYJxXdrK1WEW6cpiGy7IaSNtwMufPiLvD_dvs6d0_vr4PJvOUx1v6dMCalWzIi9UPlYAVJcccjphyOtmXMpSSa50pbSsAABZ03CukBWYK8Zj4XhEro--cfHnBkMvWhM0Wis7dJsgoCiqsqhyKCOVH6nauxA8NmLtTSv9TgAVh-zEUhyzE4fsBDARwSi7_SXTppd9_Ln30tj_xHdHMcYMtga9CNpgp7E2HnUvamf-NvgGukuQjA
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jhydrol_2022_128155
crossref_primary_10_1007_s40819_017_0467_5
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11831_017_9216_5
crossref_primary_10_1007_s12597_017_0307_8
crossref_primary_10_1007_s40092_017_0229_3
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jocs_2022_101786
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_knosys_2018_02_030
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_eswa_2022_116663
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_knosys_2015_05_022
crossref_primary_10_3390_math13081242
crossref_primary_10_1007_s12597_020_00461_w
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_asoc_2022_109899
crossref_primary_10_3233_JIFS_169566
Cites_doi 10.1016/S0165-0114(98)00276-0
10.1007/s10898-008-9365-z
10.1016/S0305-0548(02)00061-8
10.1007/978-3-642-20533-0_20
10.1016/j.eswa.2007.09.011
10.1016/S0898-1221(98)00118-7
10.1016/S0165-0114(02)00374-3
10.1016/S0019-9958(65)90241-X
10.1287/mnsc.17.4.B141
10.1057/jors.1988.172
10.1016/S0377-2217(98)00019-8
10.1016/j.apm.2013.02.012
10.1109/ICCIE.2010.5668254
10.1016/S0895-7177(02)00183-8
10.1016/S0165-0114(99)00027-5
10.1016/S0165-0114(98)00130-4
10.1016/0165-0114(95)00086-0
10.1287/mnsc.30.8.1004
10.1080/01969727708927558
10.1016/0305-0548(95)00007-9
10.1111/j.1467-8640.2011.00379.x
10.1016/j.ejor.2005.08.024
10.2991/eusflat.2013.22
10.1016/j.ins.2009.10.013
10.1287/opre.38.3.556
10.1016/j.ejor.2007.12.019
10.1016/j.cja.2013.04.041
10.1016/0377-2217(91)90253-R
10.1002/nav.3800090303
10.1016/j.amc.2013.07.085
10.1016/S0165-0114(02)00362-7
10.1007/BF01096412
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V.
Copyright_xml – notice: 2014 Elsevier B.V.
DBID AAYXX
CITATION
7SC
8FD
JQ2
L7M
L~C
L~D
DOI 10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016
DatabaseName CrossRef
Computer and Information Systems Abstracts
Technology Research Database
ProQuest Computer Science Collection
Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace
Computer and Information Systems Abstracts – Academic
Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Professional
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
Computer and Information Systems Abstracts
Technology Research Database
Computer and Information Systems Abstracts – Academic
Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace
ProQuest Computer Science Collection
Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Professional
DatabaseTitleList
Computer and Information Systems Abstracts
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Computer Science
EISSN 1872-7409
EndPage 199
ExternalDocumentID 10_1016_j_knosys_2014_12_016
S0950705114004547
GroupedDBID --K
--M
.DC
.~1
0R~
1B1
1~.
1~5
29L
4.4
457
4G.
5VS
7-5
71M
77K
8P~
9JN
AACTN
AAEDT
AAEDW
AAIAV
AAIKJ
AAKOC
AALRI
AAOAW
AAQFI
AAQXK
AAXUO
AAYFN
ABAOU
ABBOA
ABIVO
ABJNI
ABMAC
ABXDB
ABYKQ
ACAZW
ACDAQ
ACGFS
ACNNM
ACRLP
ACZNC
ADBBV
ADEZE
ADGUI
ADJOM
ADMUD
ADTZH
AEBSH
AECPX
AEKER
AENEX
AFKWA
AFTJW
AGHFR
AGUBO
AGYEJ
AHHHB
AHJVU
AHZHX
AIALX
AIEXJ
AIKHN
AITUG
AJBFU
AJOXV
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
AMFUW
AMRAJ
AOUOD
ARUGR
ASPBG
AVWKF
AXJTR
AZFZN
BJAXD
BKOJK
BLXMC
CS3
DU5
EBS
EFJIC
EFLBG
EJD
EO8
EO9
EP2
EP3
FDB
FEDTE
FGOYB
FIRID
FNPLU
FYGXN
G-2
G-Q
G8K
GBLVA
GBOLZ
HLZ
HVGLF
HZ~
IHE
J1W
JJJVA
KOM
LG9
LY7
M41
MHUIS
MO0
N9A
O-L
O9-
OAUVE
OZT
P-8
P-9
P2P
PC.
PQQKQ
Q38
R2-
RIG
ROL
RPZ
SBC
SDF
SDG
SDP
SES
SET
SEW
SPC
SPCBC
SST
SSV
SSW
SSZ
T5K
UHS
WH7
WUQ
XPP
ZMT
~02
~G-
77I
9DU
AATTM
AAXKI
AAYWO
AAYXX
ABDPE
ABWVN
ACLOT
ACRPL
ACVFH
ADCNI
ADNMO
AEIPS
AEUPX
AFJKZ
AFPUW
AGQPQ
AIGII
AIIUN
AKBMS
AKRWK
AKYEP
ANKPU
APXCP
CITATION
EFKBS
~HD
7SC
8FD
JQ2
L7M
L~C
L~D
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c409t-61dbd2656b53b110c8415072e4df38a8ba4bc9bca9111e2ff44be26e5b245b2e3
ISICitedReferencesCount 15
ISICitedReferencesURI http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000350185400015&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
ISSN 0950-7051
IngestDate Thu Oct 02 04:43:41 EDT 2025
Tue Nov 18 19:50:36 EST 2025
Sat Nov 29 06:41:27 EST 2025
Fri Feb 23 02:28:24 EST 2024
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Keywords Fuzzy sets
Fuzzy goal programming
Fuzzy mathematical programming
Multi-level linear programming
Fuzzy decision-making
Language English
LinkModel OpenURL
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c409t-61dbd2656b53b110c8415072e4df38a8ba4bc9bca9111e2ff44be26e5b245b2e3
Notes ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 23
PQID 1669869518
PQPubID 23500
PageCount 11
ParticipantIDs proquest_miscellaneous_1669869518
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_knosys_2014_12_016
crossref_citationtrail_10_1016_j_knosys_2014_12_016
elsevier_sciencedirect_doi_10_1016_j_knosys_2014_12_016
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 2015-03-01
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2015-03-01
PublicationDate_xml – month: 03
  year: 2015
  text: 2015-03-01
  day: 01
PublicationDecade 2010
PublicationTitle Knowledge-based systems
PublicationYear 2015
Publisher Elsevier B.V
Publisher_xml – name: Elsevier B.V
References Lu, Zhang, Ruan (b0065) 2008
Sakawa, Nishizaki, Uemura (b0105) 1998; 36
Lai (b0055) 1996; 77
Charnes, Cooper (b0035) 1962; 9
Pramanik, Roy (b0085) 2007; 176
Emam (b0050) 2013; 223
Zhang, Lu (b0155) 2010; 47
Z. Zhang, G. Zhang, J. Lu, C. Guo, A fuzzy tri-level decision making algorithm and its application in supply chain, in: Proceedings of the 8th Conference of the European Society for Fuzzy Logic and Technology (EUSFLAT2013), Milan, Italy, 2013, pp. 154–160.
Ma, Zhang, Lu (b0075) 2011
Benayed, Blair (b0025) 1990; 38
Bellman, Zadeh (b0020) 1970; 17
H.H. Chen, L.H. Chen, A fuzzy goal programming approach for solving the decentralized bi-level optimization problem with imprecise cooperation relations, in: Proceedings of the 40th International Conference on Computers and Industrial Engineering (CIE40), 2010.
Pal, Moitra, Maulik (b0080) 2003; 139
Sinha (b0135) 2003; 136
Arora, Gupta (b0015) 2009; 194
Liu, Zheng, Cai (b0070) 2013; 26
Zheng, Lu, Zhang, He (b0185) 2009; 36
Sakawa, Nishizaki, Hitaka (b0100) 2001; 117
Anandalingam (b0005) 1988; 39
Bialas, Karwan (b0030) 1984; 30
Zhang, Lu (b0150) 2005; 6
Zhang, Zheng, Lu, He (b0180) 2011; 27
Chen, Chen (b0045) 2013; 37
Lee, Shih (b0060) 2001
Shih, Lai, Lee (b0125) 1996; 23
Sakawa, Nishizaki, Uemura (b0115) 2000; 115
Zhang, Lu, Dillon (b0160) 2007
Radecki (b0090) 1977; 7
Sakawa, Nishizaki, Uemura (b0110) 2000; 109
Zhang, Lu, Montero, Zeng (b0170) 2010; 180
Zhang, Lu, Dillon (b0165) 2008
Zadeh (b0145) 1965; 8
White, Anandalingam (b0140) 1993; 3
Sakawa, Nishizaki, Hitaka (b0095) 1999; 114
Shih (b0120) 2002; 36
Anandalingam, Apprey (b0010) 1991; 51
Sinha (b0130) 2003; 30
Lu (10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0065) 2008
10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0175
Liu (10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0070) 2013; 26
Pal (10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0080) 2003; 139
Zhang (10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0155) 2010; 47
Radecki (10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0090) 1977; 7
Arora (10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0015) 2009; 194
Shih (10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0125) 1996; 23
Sinha (10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0135) 2003; 136
Bellman (10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0020) 1970; 17
Anandalingam (10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0010) 1991; 51
Pramanik (10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0085) 2007; 176
Zadeh (10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0145) 1965; 8
Ma (10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0075) 2011
Sinha (10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0130) 2003; 30
Zhang (10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0170) 2010; 180
Chen (10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0045) 2013; 37
Zheng (10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0185) 2009; 36
White (10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0140) 1993; 3
Anandalingam (10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0005) 1988; 39
Lai (10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0055) 1996; 77
Sakawa (10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0110) 2000; 109
Lee (10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0060) 2001
Emam (10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0050) 2013; 223
Bialas (10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0030) 1984; 30
Zhang (10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0165) 2008
Zhang (10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0160) 2007
10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0040
Shih (10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0120) 2002; 36
Sakawa (10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0115) 2000; 115
Zhang (10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0150) 2005; 6
Sakawa (10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0100) 2001; 117
Benayed (10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0025) 1990; 38
Zhang (10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0180) 2011; 27
Sakawa (10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0105) 1998; 36
Sakawa (10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0095) 1999; 114
Charnes (10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0035) 1962; 9
References_xml – volume: 36
  start-page: 18
  year: 2009
  end-page: 26
  ident: b0185
  article-title: Rule sets based bilevel decision model and algorithm
  publication-title: Expert. Syst. Appl.
– volume: 176
  start-page: 1151
  year: 2007
  end-page: 1166
  ident: b0085
  article-title: Fuzzy goal programming approach to multi-level programming problems
  publication-title: Eur. J. Oper. Res.
– start-page: 383
  year: 2011
  end-page: 403
  ident: b0075
  article-title: A fuzzy hierarchical multiple criteria group decision support system – decider – and its applications
  publication-title: Studies in Fuzziness and Soft Computing
– volume: 115
  start-page: 93
  year: 2000
  end-page: 103
  ident: b0115
  article-title: Interactive fuzzy programming for two-level linear fractional programming problems with fuzzy parameters
  publication-title: Fuzzy Sets Syst.
– volume: 8
  start-page: 338
  year: 1965
  end-page: 353
  ident: b0145
  article-title: Fuzzy sets
  publication-title: Inform. Control
– volume: 27
  start-page: 235
  year: 2011
  end-page: 259
  ident: b0180
  article-title: An algorithm for solving rule sets-based bilevel decision problems
  publication-title: Comput. Intell.
– volume: 39
  start-page: 1021
  year: 1988
  end-page: 1033
  ident: b0005
  article-title: A mathematical-programming model of decentralized multi-level systems
  publication-title: J. Oper. Res. Soc.
– volume: 30
  start-page: 1004
  year: 1984
  end-page: 1020
  ident: b0030
  article-title: Two-level linear programming
  publication-title: Manage. Sci.
– volume: 36
  start-page: 71
  year: 1998
  end-page: 86
  ident: b0105
  article-title: Interactive fuzzy programming for multi-level linear programming problems
  publication-title: Comput. Math. Appl.
– volume: 139
  start-page: 395
  year: 2003
  end-page: 405
  ident: b0080
  article-title: A goal programming procedure for fuzzy multiobjective linear fractional programming problem
  publication-title: Fuzzy Sets Syst.
– volume: 180
  start-page: 481
  year: 2010
  end-page: 492
  ident: b0170
  article-title: Model, solution concept, and Kth-best algorithm for linear trilevel programming
  publication-title: Inform. Sci.
– volume: 109
  start-page: 3
  year: 2000
  end-page: 19
  ident: b0110
  article-title: Interactive fuzzy programming for multi-level linear programming problems with fuzzy parameters
  publication-title: Fuzzy Sets Syst.
– volume: 30
  start-page: 1259
  year: 2003
  end-page: 1268
  ident: b0130
  article-title: Fuzzy mathematical programming applied to multi-level programming problems
  publication-title: Comput. Oper. Res.
– start-page: 351
  year: 2007
  end-page: 379
  ident: b0160
  article-title: Fuzzy linear bilevel optimization: solution concept, approaches and applications
  publication-title: Fuzzy Logic – A Spectrum of Theoretical & Practical Issues
– volume: 7
  start-page: 189
  year: 1977
  end-page: 198
  ident: b0090
  article-title: Level-fuzzy sets
  publication-title: J. Cybern.
– volume: 194
  start-page: 368
  year: 2009
  end-page: 376
  ident: b0015
  article-title: Interactive fuzzy goal programming approach for bilevel programming problem
  publication-title: Eur. J. Oper. Res.
– volume: 6
  start-page: 1
  year: 2005
  end-page: 7
  ident: b0150
  article-title: The definition of optimal solution and an extended Kuhn–Tucker approach for fuzzy linear bilevel programming
  publication-title: IEEE Intell. Inform. Bull.
– volume: 47
  start-page: 403
  year: 2010
  end-page: 419
  ident: b0155
  article-title: Fuzzy bilevel programming with multiple objectives and cooperative multiple followers
  publication-title: J. Glob. Optim.
– volume: 36
  start-page: 569
  year: 2002
  end-page: 585
  ident: b0120
  article-title: An interactive approach for integrated multilevel systems in a fuzzy environment
  publication-title: Math. Comput. Model.
– volume: 51
  start-page: 233
  year: 1991
  end-page: 247
  ident: b0010
  article-title: Multi-level programming and conflicting resolution
  publication-title: Eur. J. Oper. Res.
– volume: 223
  start-page: 17
  year: 2013
  end-page: 24
  ident: b0050
  article-title: Interactive approach to bi-level integer multi-objective fractional programming problem
  publication-title: Appl. Math. Comput.
– volume: 38
  start-page: 556
  year: 1990
  end-page: 560
  ident: b0025
  article-title: Computational difficulties of believe linear-programming
  publication-title: Oper. Res.
– volume: 9
  start-page: 181
  year: 1962
  end-page: 196
  ident: b0035
  article-title: Programming with linear fractional functionals
  publication-title: Nav. Res. Log. Quart.
– volume: 23
  start-page: 73
  year: 1996
  end-page: 91
  ident: b0125
  article-title: Fuzzy approach for multi-level programming problems
  publication-title: Comput. Oper. Res.
– volume: 136
  start-page: 189
  year: 2003
  end-page: 202
  ident: b0135
  article-title: Fuzzy programming approach to multi-level programming problems
  publication-title: Fuzzy Sets Syst.
– year: 2001
  ident: b0060
  article-title: Fuzzy and Multi-level Decision Making: An Interactive Computational Approach
– volume: 117
  start-page: 95
  year: 2001
  end-page: 111
  ident: b0100
  article-title: Interactive fuzzy programming for multi-level 0–1 programming problems with fuzzy parameters through genetic algorithms
  publication-title: Fuzzy Sets Syst.
– volume: 26
  start-page: 646
  year: 2013
  end-page: 660
  ident: b0070
  article-title: Adaptive path planning for unmanned aerial vehicles based on bi-level programming and variable planning time interval
  publication-title: Chin. J. Aeronaut.
– volume: 3
  start-page: 393
  year: 1993
  end-page: 419
  ident: b0140
  article-title: A penalty function approach for solving bilevel linear programs
  publication-title: J. Glob. Optim.
– start-page: 483
  year: 2008
  end-page: 522
  ident: b0065
  article-title: Fuzzy multi-objective decision making models and approaches
  publication-title: Fuzzy Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Theory and Applications with Recent Developments
– volume: 17
  start-page: B141
  year: 1970
  end-page: B164
  ident: b0020
  article-title: Decision-making in a fuzzy environment
  publication-title: Manage. Sci.
– reference: H.H. Chen, L.H. Chen, A fuzzy goal programming approach for solving the decentralized bi-level optimization problem with imprecise cooperation relations, in: Proceedings of the 40th International Conference on Computers and Industrial Engineering (CIE40), 2010.
– start-page: 157
  year: 2008
  end-page: 171
  ident: b0165
  article-title: An approximation Kuhn–Tucker approach for fuzzy linear bilevel decision making
  publication-title: Intelligent Decision Making
– volume: 37
  start-page: 6884
  year: 2013
  end-page: 6898
  ident: b0045
  article-title: Considering decision decentralizations to solve bi-level multi-objective decision-making problems: a fuzzy approach
  publication-title: Appl. Math. Model.
– volume: 114
  start-page: 580
  year: 1999
  end-page: 588
  ident: b0095
  article-title: Interactive fuzzy programming for multi-level 0–1 programming problems through genetic algorithms
  publication-title: Eur. J. Oper. Res.
– volume: 77
  start-page: 321
  year: 1996
  end-page: 335
  ident: b0055
  article-title: Hierarchical optimization: a satisfactory solution
  publication-title: Fuzzy Sets Syst.
– reference: Z. Zhang, G. Zhang, J. Lu, C. Guo, A fuzzy tri-level decision making algorithm and its application in supply chain, in: Proceedings of the 8th Conference of the European Society for Fuzzy Logic and Technology (EUSFLAT2013), Milan, Italy, 2013, pp. 154–160.
– volume: 117
  start-page: 95
  issue: 1
  year: 2001
  ident: 10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0100
  article-title: Interactive fuzzy programming for multi-level 0–1 programming problems with fuzzy parameters through genetic algorithms
  publication-title: Fuzzy Sets Syst.
  doi: 10.1016/S0165-0114(98)00276-0
– volume: 47
  start-page: 403
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0155
  article-title: Fuzzy bilevel programming with multiple objectives and cooperative multiple followers
  publication-title: J. Glob. Optim.
  doi: 10.1007/s10898-008-9365-z
– volume: 30
  start-page: 1259
  year: 2003
  ident: 10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0130
  article-title: Fuzzy mathematical programming applied to multi-level programming problems
  publication-title: Comput. Oper. Res.
  doi: 10.1016/S0305-0548(02)00061-8
– start-page: 383
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0075
  article-title: A fuzzy hierarchical multiple criteria group decision support system – decider – and its applications
  doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-20533-0_20
– volume: 36
  start-page: 18
  year: 2009
  ident: 10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0185
  article-title: Rule sets based bilevel decision model and algorithm
  publication-title: Expert. Syst. Appl.
  doi: 10.1016/j.eswa.2007.09.011
– volume: 36
  start-page: 71
  year: 1998
  ident: 10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0105
  article-title: Interactive fuzzy programming for multi-level linear programming problems
  publication-title: Comput. Math. Appl.
  doi: 10.1016/S0898-1221(98)00118-7
– volume: 139
  start-page: 395
  issue: 2
  year: 2003
  ident: 10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0080
  article-title: A goal programming procedure for fuzzy multiobjective linear fractional programming problem
  publication-title: Fuzzy Sets Syst.
  doi: 10.1016/S0165-0114(02)00374-3
– volume: 8
  start-page: 338
  year: 1965
  ident: 10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0145
  article-title: Fuzzy sets
  publication-title: Inform. Control
  doi: 10.1016/S0019-9958(65)90241-X
– volume: 17
  start-page: B141
  year: 1970
  ident: 10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0020
  article-title: Decision-making in a fuzzy environment
  publication-title: Manage. Sci.
  doi: 10.1287/mnsc.17.4.B141
– volume: 39
  start-page: 1021
  issue: 11
  year: 1988
  ident: 10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0005
  article-title: A mathematical-programming model of decentralized multi-level systems
  publication-title: J. Oper. Res. Soc.
  doi: 10.1057/jors.1988.172
– start-page: 351
  year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0160
  article-title: Fuzzy linear bilevel optimization: solution concept, approaches and applications
– volume: 114
  start-page: 580
  issue: 3
  year: 1999
  ident: 10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0095
  article-title: Interactive fuzzy programming for multi-level 0–1 programming problems through genetic algorithms
  publication-title: Eur. J. Oper. Res.
  doi: 10.1016/S0377-2217(98)00019-8
– volume: 37
  start-page: 6884
  year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0045
  article-title: Considering decision decentralizations to solve bi-level multi-objective decision-making problems: a fuzzy approach
  publication-title: Appl. Math. Model.
  doi: 10.1016/j.apm.2013.02.012
– ident: 10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0040
  doi: 10.1109/ICCIE.2010.5668254
– volume: 36
  start-page: 569
  year: 2002
  ident: 10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0120
  article-title: An interactive approach for integrated multilevel systems in a fuzzy environment
  publication-title: Math. Comput. Model.
  doi: 10.1016/S0895-7177(02)00183-8
– volume: 115
  start-page: 93
  issue: 1
  year: 2000
  ident: 10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0115
  article-title: Interactive fuzzy programming for two-level linear fractional programming problems with fuzzy parameters
  publication-title: Fuzzy Sets Syst.
  doi: 10.1016/S0165-0114(99)00027-5
– year: 2001
  ident: 10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0060
– volume: 109
  start-page: 3
  issue: 1
  year: 2000
  ident: 10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0110
  article-title: Interactive fuzzy programming for multi-level linear programming problems with fuzzy parameters
  publication-title: Fuzzy Sets Syst.
  doi: 10.1016/S0165-0114(98)00130-4
– volume: 77
  start-page: 321
  issue: 3
  year: 1996
  ident: 10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0055
  article-title: Hierarchical optimization: a satisfactory solution
  publication-title: Fuzzy Sets Syst.
  doi: 10.1016/0165-0114(95)00086-0
– volume: 6
  start-page: 1
  year: 2005
  ident: 10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0150
  article-title: The definition of optimal solution and an extended Kuhn–Tucker approach for fuzzy linear bilevel programming
  publication-title: IEEE Intell. Inform. Bull.
– volume: 30
  start-page: 1004
  year: 1984
  ident: 10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0030
  article-title: Two-level linear programming
  publication-title: Manage. Sci.
  doi: 10.1287/mnsc.30.8.1004
– volume: 7
  start-page: 189
  year: 1977
  ident: 10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0090
  article-title: Level-fuzzy sets
  publication-title: J. Cybern.
  doi: 10.1080/01969727708927558
– volume: 23
  start-page: 73
  issue: 1
  year: 1996
  ident: 10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0125
  article-title: Fuzzy approach for multi-level programming problems
  publication-title: Comput. Oper. Res.
  doi: 10.1016/0305-0548(95)00007-9
– volume: 27
  start-page: 235
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0180
  article-title: An algorithm for solving rule sets-based bilevel decision problems
  publication-title: Comput. Intell.
  doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8640.2011.00379.x
– volume: 176
  start-page: 1151
  year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0085
  article-title: Fuzzy goal programming approach to multi-level programming problems
  publication-title: Eur. J. Oper. Res.
  doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2005.08.024
– ident: 10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0175
  doi: 10.2991/eusflat.2013.22
– volume: 180
  start-page: 481
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0170
  article-title: Model, solution concept, and Kth-best algorithm for linear trilevel programming
  publication-title: Inform. Sci.
  doi: 10.1016/j.ins.2009.10.013
– volume: 38
  start-page: 556
  issue: 3
  year: 1990
  ident: 10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0025
  article-title: Computational difficulties of believe linear-programming
  publication-title: Oper. Res.
  doi: 10.1287/opre.38.3.556
– volume: 194
  start-page: 368
  issue: 2
  year: 2009
  ident: 10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0015
  article-title: Interactive fuzzy goal programming approach for bilevel programming problem
  publication-title: Eur. J. Oper. Res.
  doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2007.12.019
– volume: 26
  start-page: 646
  year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0070
  article-title: Adaptive path planning for unmanned aerial vehicles based on bi-level programming and variable planning time interval
  publication-title: Chin. J. Aeronaut.
  doi: 10.1016/j.cja.2013.04.041
– volume: 51
  start-page: 233
  year: 1991
  ident: 10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0010
  article-title: Multi-level programming and conflicting resolution
  publication-title: Eur. J. Oper. Res.
  doi: 10.1016/0377-2217(91)90253-R
– volume: 9
  start-page: 181
  year: 1962
  ident: 10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0035
  article-title: Programming with linear fractional functionals
  publication-title: Nav. Res. Log. Quart.
  doi: 10.1002/nav.3800090303
– volume: 223
  start-page: 17
  year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0050
  article-title: Interactive approach to bi-level integer multi-objective fractional programming problem
  publication-title: Appl. Math. Comput.
  doi: 10.1016/j.amc.2013.07.085
– volume: 136
  start-page: 189
  year: 2003
  ident: 10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0135
  article-title: Fuzzy programming approach to multi-level programming problems
  publication-title: Fuzzy Sets Syst.
  doi: 10.1016/S0165-0114(02)00362-7
– start-page: 157
  year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0165
  article-title: An approximation Kuhn–Tucker approach for fuzzy linear bilevel decision making
– volume: 3
  start-page: 393
  year: 1993
  ident: 10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0140
  article-title: A penalty function approach for solving bilevel linear programs
  publication-title: J. Glob. Optim.
  doi: 10.1007/BF01096412
– start-page: 483
  year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016_b0065
  article-title: Fuzzy multi-objective decision making models and approaches
SSID ssj0002218
Score 2.1614168
Snippet •A two-phase fuzzy goal programming (FGP) approach is developed for MLLP problems.•The first phase finds the solutions to satisfy decision makers in MLLP...
This paper develops a two-phase fuzzy goal programming (FGP) approach for multi-level linear programming (MLLP) problems in an uncertain environment. A...
SourceID proquest
crossref
elsevier
SourceType Aggregation Database
Enrichment Source
Index Database
Publisher
StartPage 189
SubjectTerms Adjustment
Confidence intervals
Fuzzy
Fuzzy decision-making
Fuzzy goal programming
Fuzzy logic
Fuzzy mathematical programming
Fuzzy set theory
Fuzzy sets
Goal programming
Knowledge base
Linguistics
Mathematical models
Multi-level linear programming
Title A two-phase fuzzy approach for solving multi-level decision-making problems
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.knosys.2014.12.016
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1669869518
Volume 76
WOSCitedRecordID wos000350185400015&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights – providerCode: PRVESC
  databaseName: ScienceDirect
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1872-7409
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0002218
  issn: 0950-7051
  databaseCode: AIEXJ
  dateStart: 19950201
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.sciencedirect.com
  providerName: Elsevier
link http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV3Nb9MwFLdKx4EL34iNDxmJW2XUuE7iHKtpqLBq4jBQb5bt2LBR0mpptrG_nmfHTqsOGDtwaFS5ieP298t7z6_vA6G31Cgu89QSm5uUsNJaInPKCOfFsDCUaeaz-L9M86MjPpsVn3q9acyFOZ_nVcUvL4vlf4UaxgBslzp7C7i7SWEA3gPocATY4fhPwI8Hq4sFWX4D9TSwzdXVz65uuA8phJt7H4KPJCRzFzM0KEOjHfLD96YahC4z9ablehidb8QpvjKUgO4s8v2Q5TEFun0lk7pZsy5-NKlPKjJpgqoMnoYkXYdadS7DIcmHoUBskJ75pvhL2nZAQZMmbeuja0K69RecvvteLWCtLryOeZds8pua2Fu6qosgjMFpp6KdRbhZREIFDN5BOzRPC95HO-MPB7OPnWam1Pt7u-8RUyl9vN_11fzJVNlS2t4SOX6I7octBB630D9CPVM9Rg9iew4cpPUTdDjGHROwZwKOTMDABByYgDeYgLeYgCMTnqLP7w-O9yck9M4gGnbsK5IlpSopGOsqHSkw8TRnzvSnBh7HEZdcSaZ0obR0ys5QaxlThmYmVZTBy4yeoX61qMxzhBMtE1a6HGYFJ9lUaUttomSqpbbSsl00ij-T0KGwvOtvMhd_A2kXke6qZVtY5Ybz84iACMZha_QJoNUNV76JgAmQne4PMVmZRVOLJMsKnsEeg-_dcjUv0L31E_IS9VdnjXmF7urz1Ul99jrw7heY9pdz
linkProvider Elsevier
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A+two-phase+fuzzy+approach+for+solving+multi-level+decision-making+problems&rft.jtitle=Knowledge-based+systems&rft.au=Chen%2C+Liang-Hsuan&rft.au=Chen%2C+Hsin-Hung&rft.date=2015-03-01&rft.issn=0950-7051&rft.volume=76&rft.spage=189&rft.epage=199&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.knosys.2014.12.016&rft.externalDBID=n%2Fa&rft.externalDocID=10_1016_j_knosys_2014_12_016
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0950-7051&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0950-7051&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0950-7051&client=summon