Neural Episodic Control-Based Adaptive Modulation and Coding Scheme for Inter-Satellite Communication Link

Inter-satellite links (ISLs) play an important role in the global navigation satellite system (GNSS), which is known as one of the key technologies for the next generation of navigation satellite systems. Deep reinforcement learning algorithms have achieved significant improvement over various wirel...

Full description

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Published in:	IEEE access Vol. 9; pp. 159175 - 159186
Main Authors:	Lee, Donggu, Sun, Young Ghyu, Sim, Isaac, Kim, Jae-Hyun, Shin, Yoan, Kim, Dong In, Kim, Jin Young
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Piscataway IEEE 2021 The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subjects:	Adaptive control Adaptive modulation and coding Algorithms Boundaries Coding Deep learning Distance learning Encoding Global navigation satellite system inter-satellite communications Intersatellite communications Machine learning Modulation neural episodic control Reagents Reinforcement learning Satellite communication Satellite communications Satellites Signal to noise ratio Throughput Wireless communication systems
ISSN:	2169-3536, 2169-3536
Online Access:	Get full text
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

Abstract	Inter-satellite links (ISLs) play an important role in the global navigation satellite system (GNSS), which is known as one of the key technologies for the next generation of navigation satellite systems. Deep reinforcement learning algorithms have achieved significant improvement over various wireless communications systems. However, it has been reported that deep Q network (DQN) algorithm requires an enormous number of trials. To resolve this problem, in this paper we propose an adaptive modulation and coding scheme based on a neural episodic control (NEC) algorithm, which is one of deep reinforcement learning algorithms. The proposed scheme adjusts the modulation and coding scheme region boundaries with a differentiable neural dictionary of the NEC agent, which enables the effective integration of the previous experience. In addition, we propose a step-size varying algorithm to encourage the NEC agent to efficiently approach the suboptimal state. We confirm that the proposed scheme can reduce the number of trials to 1/8 compared to the previous work of the DQN-based adaptive modulation scheme. It is also confirmed that the proposed scheme requires the number of trials to the suboptimal state 1/5 of the fixed step-size dueling double DQN and 1/7 of the fixed step-size double DQN-based schemes, respectively. To further evaluate the proposed scheme, we employ an online learning loss evaluation algorithm that calculates the loss in time-step based on interaction records of the reinforcement learning agent and the derived modulation and coding scheme region boundaries.
AbstractList	Inter-satellite links (ISLs) play an important role in the global navigation satellite system (GNSS), which is known as one of the key technologies for the next generation of navigation satellite systems. Deep reinforcement learning algorithms have achieved significant improvement over various wireless communications systems. However, it has been reported that deep Q network (DQN) algorithm requires an enormous number of trials. To resolve this problem, in this paper we propose an adaptive modulation and coding scheme based on a neural episodic control (NEC) algorithm, which is one of deep reinforcement learning algorithms. The proposed scheme adjusts the modulation and coding scheme region boundaries with a differentiable neural dictionary of the NEC agent, which enables the effective integration of the previous experience. In addition, we propose a step-size varying algorithm to encourage the NEC agent to efficiently approach the suboptimal state. We confirm that the proposed scheme can reduce the number of trials to 1/8 compared to the previous work of the DQN-based adaptive modulation scheme. It is also confirmed that the proposed scheme requires the number of trials to the suboptimal state 1/5 of the fixed step-size dueling double DQN and 1/7 of the fixed step-size double DQN-based schemes, respectively. To further evaluate the proposed scheme, we employ an online learning loss evaluation algorithm that calculates the loss in time-step based on interaction records of the reinforcement learning agent and the derived modulation and coding scheme region boundaries.
Author	Lee, Donggu Shin, Yoan Sim, Isaac Sun, Young Ghyu Kim, Jae-Hyun Kim, Jin Young Kim, Dong In
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Donggu orcidid: 0000-0002-1869-6072 surname: Lee fullname: Lee, Donggu organization: Department of Electronic Convergence Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, South Korea – sequence: 2 givenname: Young Ghyu orcidid: 0000-0001-7279-5090 surname: Sun fullname: Sun, Young Ghyu organization: Department of Electronic Convergence Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, South Korea – sequence: 3 givenname: Isaac surname: Sim fullname: Sim, Isaac organization: Department of Electronic Convergence Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, South Korea – sequence: 4 givenname: Jae-Hyun orcidid: 0000-0003-4716-6916 surname: Kim fullname: Kim, Jae-Hyun organization: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea – sequence: 5 givenname: Yoan orcidid: 0000-0002-4722-6387 surname: Shin fullname: Shin, Yoan organization: School of Electronic Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, South Korea – sequence: 6 givenname: Dong In orcidid: 0000-0001-7711-8072 surname: Kim fullname: Kim, Dong In organization: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea – sequence: 7 givenname: Jin Young orcidid: 0000-0002-1456-7097 surname: Kim fullname: Kim, Jin Young email: jinyoung@kw.ac.kr organization: Department of Electronic Convergence Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, South Korea
BookMark	eNp9kU1v1DAQhiNUJErpL-glEuds_Z34uKwWWGkLh4WzNbEnxUvWXhynEv8etykIccCXsUbvM5rR87q6CDFgVd1QsqKU6Nv1ZrM9HFaMMLrilNOWihfVJaNKN1xydfHX_1V1PU1HUl5XWrK9rI6fcE4w1tuzn6Lztt7EkFMcm3cwoavXDs7ZP2B9F908QvYx1BBcSTkf7uuD_YYnrIeY6l3ImJoDZBxHn7EkTqc5eLswex--v6leDjBOeP1cr6qv77dfNh-b_ecPu81631hButxAa0GUG3pOXaeIZooNfa-c7myLVgIorZWkkmrnqEPOBybbHjqiUFhrOb-qdstcF-FozsmfIP00Ebx5asR0byBlb0c0VECLjPWSMCEk6TXlzooBqJPCSi7KrLfLrHOKP2acsjnGOYWyvmGKtF2rioGS0kvKpjhNCQdjfX46PCfwo6HEPJoyiynzaMo8myos_4f9vfH_qZuF8oj4h9CK0-Ka_wItrqCx
CODEN	IAECCG
CitedBy_id	crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_025_12277_z crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2023_3279401 crossref_primary_10_1109_TWC_2025_3535559 crossref_primary_10_3390_s25185840
Cites_doi	10.1109/COMST.2020.3028247 10.1109/COMST.2021.3073036 10.1109/LCOMM.2021.3098419 10.1109/26.950343 10.1023/A:1008979107539 10.1109/MCOM.2019.1800796 10.1109/JSAC.1987.1146583 10.1145/361002.361007 10.1038/nature20101 10.1109/COMST.2019.2916583 10.1109/COMST.2016.2564990 10.1051/swsc/2015034 10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2825255 10.1109/TMC.2011.139 10.1109/LCOMM.2020.2984430 10.1002/0471200697 10.1049/iet-com.2016.0093 10.1089/space.2017.0032 10.1109/26.634685 10.1109/JSAC.2018.2832820 10.1109/JSYST.2019.2918055 10.1109/LCOMM.2020.2978390 10.1109/JPROC.2007.904442 10.1109/WCNC.2012.6214482 10.1109/VETECS.2007.537 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3019607 10.1109/TCOMM.2020.3004524 10.1038/nature14236 10.1145/1368044.1368078
ContentType	Journal Article
Copyright	Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) 2021
Copyright_xml	– notice: Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) 2021
DBID	97E ESBDL RIA RIE AAYXX CITATION 7SC 7SP 7SR 8BQ 8FD JG9 JQ2 L7M L~C L~D DOA
DOI	10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3131714
DatabaseName	IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 2005–Present IEEE Xplore Open Access Journals IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 1998–Present IEEE Electronic Library (IEL) CrossRef Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Electronics & Communications Abstracts Engineered Materials Abstracts METADEX Technology Research Database Materials Research Database ProQuest Computer Science Collection Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Academic Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Professional DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
DatabaseTitle	CrossRef Materials Research Database Engineered Materials Abstracts Technology Research Database Computer and Information Systems Abstracts – Academic Electronics & Communications Abstracts ProQuest Computer Science Collection Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace METADEX Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Professional
DatabaseTitleList	Materials Research Database
Database_xml	– sequence: 1 dbid: DOA name: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals url: https://www.doaj.org/ sourceTypes: Open Website – sequence: 2 dbid: RIE name: IEEE Electronic Library (IEL) url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ sourceTypes: Publisher
DeliveryMethod	fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline	Engineering
EISSN	2169-3536
EndPage	159186
ExternalDocumentID	oai_doaj_org_article_14a7e22b5024450b913dc4fa1d54c534 10_1109_ACCESS_2021_3131714 9631216
Genre	orig-research
GrantInformation_xml	– fundername: MSIT, South Korea, through the Information Technology Research Center (ITRC) Support Program supervised by the IITP grantid: IITP-2021-2018-0-01424 – fundername: Kwangwoon University, in 2020 funderid: 10.13039/501100002643 – fundername: Institute of Information and Communications Technology Planning and Evaluation (IITP) Grant by the Korea Government through the Ministry of Science and ICT (MSIT) (Research on advanced physical layer technologies of low-earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication systems for ubiquitous intelligence in space) grantid: 2021-0-00892 funderid: 10.13039/501100014188
GroupedDBID	0R~ 4.4 5VS 6IK 97E AAJGR ABAZT ABVLG ACGFS ADBBV AGSQL ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS BCNDV BEFXN BFFAM BGNUA BKEBE BPEOZ EBS EJD ESBDL GROUPED_DOAJ IPLJI JAVBF KQ8 M43 M~E O9- OCL OK1 RIA RIE RNS AAYXX CITATION 7SC 7SP 7SR 8BQ 8FD JG9 JQ2 L7M L~C L~D
ID	FETCH-LOGICAL-c408t-a7ca4714b31d8609262fbb6d98c7ec5aa699651519dd1de33f257ba806e4ccc33
IEDL.DBID	DOA
ISICitedReferencesCount	4
ISICitedReferencesURI	http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000728109600001&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
ISSN	2169-3536
IngestDate	Fri Oct 03 12:53:53 EDT 2025 Sun Nov 30 04:02:15 EST 2025 Tue Nov 18 21:07:26 EST 2025 Sat Nov 29 06:31:47 EST 2025 Wed Aug 27 05:11:53 EDT 2025
IsDoiOpenAccess	true
IsOpenAccess	true
IsPeerReviewed	true
IsScholarly	true
Language	English
License	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
LinkModel	DirectLink
MergedId	FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c408t-a7ca4714b31d8609262fbb6d98c7ec5aa699651519dd1de33f257ba806e4ccc33
Notes	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14
ORCID	0000-0001-7279-5090 0000-0002-1456-7097 0000-0003-4716-6916 0000-0002-1869-6072 0000-0001-7711-8072 0000-0002-4722-6387
OpenAccessLink	https://doaj.org/article/14a7e22b5024450b913dc4fa1d54c534
PQID	2607876109
PQPubID	4845423
PageCount	12
ParticipantIDs	proquest_journals_2607876109 crossref_citationtrail_10_1109_ACCESS_2021_3131714 crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2021_3131714 doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_14a7e22b5024450b913dc4fa1d54c534 ieee_primary_9631216
PublicationCentury	2000
PublicationDate	20210000 2021-00-00 20210101 2021-01-01
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD	2021-01-01
PublicationDate_xml	– year: 2021 text: 20210000
PublicationDecade	2020
PublicationPlace	Piscataway
PublicationPlace_xml	– name: Piscataway
PublicationTitle	IEEE access
PublicationTitleAbbrev	Access
PublicationYear	2021
Publisher	IEEE The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher_xml	– name: IEEE – name: The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
References	ref35 thrun (ref34) 1993 ref12 ref37 ref15 ref31 ref30 ref11 ref10 ref2 ref1 ref17 ref38 ref16 ref19 ref18 cormen (ref39) 2009 sklar (ref32) 2001; 2 van hasselt (ref26) 2016 wang (ref27) 2016 halkjaer (ref25) 1996; 9 ref24 ref23 ruder (ref36) 2016 pritzel (ref28) 2017; 70 ref20 ref22 ref21 anschel (ref33) 2017; 70 ref29 ref8 ref7 ref9 ref4 ref3 ref6 ref5 Chung (ref14) 2012; 11 sutton (ref13) 2018
References_xml	– ident: ref10 doi: 10.1109/COMST.2020.3028247 – ident: ref18 doi: 10.1109/COMST.2021.3073036 – ident: ref19 doi: 10.1109/LCOMM.2021.3098419 – year: 2016 ident: ref36 article-title: An overview of gradient descent optimization algorithm publication-title: arXiv 1600 04747 – ident: ref7 doi: 10.1109/26.950343 – ident: ref8 doi: 10.1023/A:1008979107539 – ident: ref24 doi: 10.1109/MCOM.2019.1800796 – ident: ref30 doi: 10.1109/JSAC.1987.1146583 – start-page: 2094 year: 2016 ident: ref26 article-title: Deep reinforcement learning with double Q-learning publication-title: Proc AAAI – volume: 2 year: 2001 ident: ref32 publication-title: Digital Communications – ident: ref37 doi: 10.1145/361002.361007 – ident: ref35 doi: 10.1038/nature20101 – start-page: 1995 year: 2016 ident: ref27 article-title: Dueling network architectures for deep reinforcement learning publication-title: Proc Int Conf Mach Learn – ident: ref29 doi: 10.1109/COMST.2019.2916583 – ident: ref3 doi: 10.1109/COMST.2016.2564990 – ident: ref38 doi: 10.1051/swsc/2015034 – ident: ref12 doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2825255 – volume: 11 start-page: 1151 year: 2012 ident: ref14 article-title: An MIMO Configuration Mode and MCS Level Selection Scheme by Fuzzy Q-Learning for HSPA+ Systems publication-title: IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing doi: 10.1109/TMC.2011.139 – ident: ref17 doi: 10.1109/LCOMM.2020.2984430 – volume: 9 start-page: 169 year: 1996 ident: ref25 article-title: The effect of correlated input data on the dynamics of learning publication-title: Proc Adv Neural Inf Process Syst (NIPS) – ident: ref31 doi: 10.1002/0471200697 – ident: ref11 doi: 10.1049/iet-com.2016.0093 – ident: ref4 doi: 10.1089/space.2017.0032 – ident: ref9 doi: 10.1109/26.634685 – ident: ref23 doi: 10.1109/JSAC.2018.2832820 – ident: ref1 doi: 10.1109/JSYST.2019.2918055 – start-page: 1 year: 1993 ident: ref34 article-title: Issues in using function approximation for reinforcement learning publication-title: Proc 4th Connectionist Models Summer School – ident: ref20 doi: 10.1109/LCOMM.2020.2978390 – volume: 70 start-page: 2827 year: 2017 ident: ref28 article-title: Neural episodic control publication-title: Proc Int Conf Mach Learn – ident: ref6 doi: 10.1109/JPROC.2007.904442 – year: 2009 ident: ref39 publication-title: Introduction to Algorithms – ident: ref21 doi: 10.1109/WCNC.2012.6214482 – ident: ref15 doi: 10.1109/VETECS.2007.537 – ident: ref2 doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3019607 – volume: 70 start-page: 176 year: 2017 ident: ref33 article-title: Averaged-DQN: Variance reduction and stabilization for deep reinforcement learning publication-title: Proc Int Conf Mach Learn – ident: ref16 doi: 10.1109/TCOMM.2020.3004524 – ident: ref22 doi: 10.1038/nature14236 – year: 2018 ident: ref13 publication-title: Reinforcement Learning An Introduction – ident: ref5 doi: 10.1145/1368044.1368078
SSID	ssj0000816957
Score	2.2391484
Snippet	Inter-satellite links (ISLs) play an important role in the global navigation satellite system (GNSS), which is known as one of the key technologies for the...
SourceID	doaj proquest crossref ieee
SourceType	Open Website Aggregation Database Enrichment Source Index Database Publisher
StartPage	159175
SubjectTerms	Adaptive control Adaptive modulation and coding Algorithms Boundaries Coding Deep learning Distance learning Encoding Global navigation satellite system inter-satellite communications Intersatellite communications Machine learning Modulation neural episodic control Reagents Reinforcement learning Satellite communication Satellite communications Satellites Signal to noise ratio Throughput Wireless communication systems
SummonAdditionalLinks	– databaseName: IEEE Electronic Library (IEL) dbid: RIE link: http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwlV1NbxMxEB21FQc4tEBAhBbkA8ea2uv98B7TqBUHqJDaotxWXs-slKokUZP09zP2OqsiEBK31cpeef1sj9_Y8wbgk2ObRN4a2VUGZU6dlm1XlpIUoaGOOXQ8Lvjxtbq6srNZ_X0PTodYGCKKl8_oc3iMZ_m49NvgKjvjwaIzXe7DflWVfazW4E8JCSTqokrCQlrVZ5PplP-BKWCmmZkaHSN1nhifqNGfkqr8sRJH83J59H8NewmHaRspJj3ur2CPFq_hxRNxwRHcBd0NLnOxmq-XOPdi2t9Kl-dsuFBM0K3CUie-LTGl8BJugVwqWDNxzWD-JMFbWhGdhvLaRe3ODYnfYkpEILNv4Pby4mb6RabMCtLnym6kq7xjq5S3RqMtVdAM7Nq2xNp6Rq5wrmQaxDsdXSNqJGM6ntmts6qk3HtvzFs4WCwX9A6EYxPviFRLBTM9axzmFWW1ss5izb0-hmzX5Y1PsuMh-8V9E-mHqpsepybg1CScxnA6VFr1qhv_Ln4esByKBsns-IJBatIMZI7juGFZW_CuJC9Uy41Dn3dOY5H7wvBHRgHY4SMJ0zGc7EZGk6b3umESyAtdUKp___dax_A8NLD31ZzAweZhSx_gmX_czNcPH-PI_QWUD-u1 priority: 102 providerName: IEEE
Title	Neural Episodic Control-Based Adaptive Modulation and Coding Scheme for Inter-Satellite Communication Link
URI	https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9631216 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2607876109 https://doaj.org/article/14a7e22b5024450b913dc4fa1d54c534
Volume	9
WOSCitedRecordID	wos000728109600001&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
hasFullText	1
inHoldings	1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights	– providerCode: PRVAON databaseName: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals customDbUrl: eissn: 2169-3536 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0000816957 issn: 2169-3536 databaseCode: DOA dateStart: 20130101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.doaj.org/ providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals – providerCode: PRVHPJ databaseName: ROAD: Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources customDbUrl: eissn: 2169-3536 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0000816957 issn: 2169-3536 databaseCode: M~E dateStart: 20130101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://road.issn.org providerName: ISSN International Centre
link	http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV07T8MwELZQxQAD4inKo_LAiFU7dhJ7LFURAyAkHupmObYjFUFbtYWR387ZMVUREiwsGSLn4bvLff4c-zuEzgxgkreSk7rkjghfM1LVRUE89Y77Gjh0_F3wdF3e3srhUN2tlPoKa8IaeeDGcF0mTOmzrMoBTEROK8W4s6I2zOXC5jwqgdJSrZCpmIMlK1ReJpkhRlW31-9Dj4AQZgx4Kmdx384KFEXF_lRi5UdejmBzuY220igR95q320FrfryLNle0A_fQc5DVgDaD6Wg-cSOL-82ic3IBuORwz5lpyGT4ZuJShS5sxg5aBbDC9-CrV49hxIrjnCC5N1Gac-Hxty0jOHDVffR4OXjoX5FUOIFYQeWCmNIaAB1RceZkQYMkYF1VhVPSgmNyYwpgOTCQYco55jznNXy4lZG08MJay_kBao0nY3-IsAEEN97TyudA5CQ3ToA7FJVGOnAFa6Psy4baJlXxUNziRUd2QZVuDK-D4XUyfBudLy-aNqIavze_CM5ZNg2K2PEExIlOcaL_ipM22guuXd4EEg_LWNFGJ1-u1unrnWvgeJDHghD90X88-hhthO40EzcnqLWYvflTtG7fF6P5rBMDF443H4NO3H74CbOT8Ac
linkProvider	Directory of Open Access Journals
linkToHtml	http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwlV1Lb9QwEB6VggQceBXEQgEfONbUjp3EOW5XrYrYrpBaUG-WY0-kRe3uqrvl9zN23KiIqhK3KLKjiT_b87DnG4DPjnQSeqN4V6vANXaSt11VcRQYFHbkQ6fjgp_TejYz5-fN9y3YG3JhEDFdPsMv8TGd5Yelv46hsn2aLLKQ1QN4WGpdiD5ba4ioxBISTVlnaiEpmv3xZEJ_QU5gIck3VTLl6txSP4mlP5dV-WcvTgrm6Pn_ifYCnmVDko175F_CFi5ewdNb9II78Csyb1Cbw9V8vQxzzyb9vXR-QKorsHFwq7jZsZNlyEW8mFsEahX1GTslOC-RkVHLUtiQn7rE3rlB9ldWCYvu7Gv4cXR4NjnmubYC91qYDXe1d6SXdKtkMJWIrIFd21ahMZ6wK52ryBEiW0c2IciASnW0tltnRIXae6_UG9heLBf4FpgjJe8QRYuEijHKBV1j0QjjTGho1EdQ3Ay59Zl4PNa_uLDJARGN7XGyESebcRrB3tBp1fNu3N_8IGI5NI2k2ekFgWTzGiQvx5FgRVuSXaJL0ZJwwevOyVBqXyr6yE4EdvhIxnQEuzczw-YFvrbkBtJWF7nq393d6xM8Pj47mdrp19m39_AkCttHbnZhe3N1jR_gkf-9ma-vPqZZ_Af6Ke78
openUrl	ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Neural+Episodic+Control-Based+Adaptive+Modulation+and+Coding+Scheme+for+Inter-Satellite+Communication+Link&rft.jtitle=IEEE+access&rft.au=Lee%2C+Donggu&rft.au=Sun%2C+Young+Ghyu&rft.au=Sim%2C+Isaac&rft.au=Kim%2C+Jae-Hyun&rft.date=2021&rft.issn=2169-3536&rft.eissn=2169-3536&rft.volume=9&rft.spage=159175&rft.epage=159186&rft_id=info:doi/10.1109%2FACCESS.2021.3131714&rft.externalDBID=n%2Fa&rft.externalDocID=10_1109_ACCESS_2021_3131714
thumbnail_l	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=2169-3536&client=summon
thumbnail_m	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=2169-3536&client=summon
thumbnail_s	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=2169-3536&client=summon