Visual programming languages integrated across the curriculum in elementary school: A two year case study using “Scratch” in five schools

Several authors and studies highlight the benefits of the integration of Computer Science into K-12 education. Applications such as Scratch have been demonstrated to be effective in educational environments. The aim of this study is to assess the use of a Visual Programming Language using Scratch in...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:	Computers and education Jg. 97; S. 129 - 141
Hauptverfasser:	Sáez-López, José-Manuel, Román-González, Marcos, Vázquez-Cano, Esteban
Format:	Journal Article
Sprache:	Englisch
Veröffentlicht:	Elsevier Ltd 01.06.2016
Schlagworte:	Coding Computation Computational thinking Education Elementary education Improving classroom teaching Learning Programming Programming and programming languages Students Teaching/learning strategies Visual Visual programming languages Computational thinking Teaching/learning strategies Programming and programming languages Elementary education Improving classroom teaching
ISSN:	0360-1315, 1873-782X
Online-Zugang:	Volltext
Tags:	Tag hinzufügen Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!

Abstract	Several authors and studies highlight the benefits of the integration of Computer Science into K-12 education. Applications such as Scratch have been demonstrated to be effective in educational environments. The aim of this study is to assess the use of a Visual Programming Language using Scratch in classroom practice, analyzing the outcomes and attitudes of 107 primary school students from 5th to 6th grade in five different schools in Spain. The intervention takes place in two academic years analyzing the practice of integrating coding and visual blocks programming in sciences and arts. The “Computational concepts and computational practices” dimension details a quasi-experimental approach, which showed significant improvement regarding learning programming concepts, logic, and computational practices with an active approach. The “Learning processes and coding in primary education” dimension analyzes the practice of the experimental group through questionnaires and structured observation. In this pedagogical design, students interact and create their own content related to curricular areas with several advantages, such as motivation, fun, commitment, and enthusiasm, showing improvements related to computational thinking and computational practices. Understanding of computational concepts through an active approach, Project Based Learning, usefulness, motivation, and commitment underline the importance and effectiveness of implementing a Visual Programming Language from active methodologies in primary education. Due to the aforementioned benefits and positive results obtained in this research, it is recommended to implement a Visual Programming Language in educational settings in 5th and 6th grade in primary education through a cross-curricular implementation. [Display omitted] •We analyze the use of “Scratch” through statistical inference and case study.•Pretest/posttest design (99%) Active approach and Computational Concepts.•Active Learning, contents in art and History, usefulness and fun.•Possibility of learning sequences, loops, parallelism and events.•Project Based Learning enables an active approach, obtaining high values.
AbstractList	Several authors and studies highlight the benefits of the integration of Computer Science into K-12 education. Applications such as Scratch have been demonstrated to be effective in educational environments. The aim of this study is to assess the use of a Visual Programming Language using Scratch in classroom practice, analyzing the outcomes and attitudes of 107 primary school students from 5th to 6th grade in five different schools in Spain. The intervention takes place in two academic years analyzing the practice of integrating coding and visual blocks programming in sciences and arts. The "Computational concepts and computational practices" dimension details a quasi-experimental approach, which showed significant improvement regarding learning programming concepts, logic, and computational practices with an active approach. The "Learning processes and coding in primary education" dimension analyzes the practice of the experimental group through questionnaires and structured observation. In this pedagogical design, students interact and create their own content related to curricular areas with several advantages, such as motivation, fun, commitment, and enthusiasm, showing improvements related to computational thinking and computational practices. Understanding of computational concepts through an active approach, Project Based Learning, usefulness, motivation, and commitment underline the importance and effectiveness of implementing a Visual Programming Language from active methodologies in primary education. Due to the aforementioned benefits and positive results obtained in this research, it is recommended to implement a Visual Programming Language in educational settings in 5th and 6th grade in primary education through a cross-curricular implementation. Several authors and studies highlight the benefits of the integration of Computer Science into K-12 education. Applications such as Scratch have been demonstrated to be effective in educational environments. The aim of this study is to assess the use of a Visual Programming Language using Scratch in classroom practice, analyzing the outcomes and attitudes of 107 primary school students from 5th to 6th grade in five different schools in Spain. The intervention takes place in two academic years analyzing the practice of integrating coding and visual blocks programming in sciences and arts. The “Computational concepts and computational practices” dimension details a quasi-experimental approach, which showed significant improvement regarding learning programming concepts, logic, and computational practices with an active approach. The “Learning processes and coding in primary education” dimension analyzes the practice of the experimental group through questionnaires and structured observation. In this pedagogical design, students interact and create their own content related to curricular areas with several advantages, such as motivation, fun, commitment, and enthusiasm, showing improvements related to computational thinking and computational practices. Understanding of computational concepts through an active approach, Project Based Learning, usefulness, motivation, and commitment underline the importance and effectiveness of implementing a Visual Programming Language from active methodologies in primary education. Due to the aforementioned benefits and positive results obtained in this research, it is recommended to implement a Visual Programming Language in educational settings in 5th and 6th grade in primary education through a cross-curricular implementation. [Display omitted] •We analyze the use of “Scratch” through statistical inference and case study.•Pretest/posttest design (99%) Active approach and Computational Concepts.•Active Learning, contents in art and History, usefulness and fun.•Possibility of learning sequences, loops, parallelism and events.•Project Based Learning enables an active approach, obtaining high values.
Author	Román-González, Marcos Vázquez-Cano, Esteban Sáez-López, José-Manuel
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: José-Manuel surname: Sáez-López fullname: Sáez-López, José-Manuel email: jmsaezlopez@edu.uned.es – sequence: 2 givenname: Marcos surname: Román-González fullname: Román-González, Marcos email: mroman@edu.uned.es – sequence: 3 givenname: Esteban surname: Vázquez-Cano fullname: Vázquez-Cano, Esteban email: evazquez@edu.uned.es
BookMark	eNqFkU1uFDEQhS0UJCaBIyB5yaabst0_HligKIKAFIkFP2JneezqGY-624N_gmaXC-QGcLmcBA8zKzZZlar0vie9eufkbPYzEvKSQc2Ada-3tfHTDm2ueVlrEDWAeEIWTPai6iX_cUYWIDqomGDtM3Ie4xYAmq5pF-T-u4tZj3QX_DroaXLzmo56Xme9xkjdnLCcE1qqTfAx0rRBanIIzuQxT0VAccQJ56TDnkaz8X58Qy9p-uXpHnWgRkekMWW7pzkezB_ufn8xxdJsHu7-HPjB3eKJjM_J00GPEV-c5gX59uH916uP1c3n609XlzeVaUCmSq4Q2s6KlWEDWC4YGLTtsmVSNlawRrdNq7uBNytj-YDS8uWq65e95iBbY1BckFdH3xL7Z8aY1OSiwbEkR5-jYhIkY7wXvEjfHqX_8gcclHFJJ-fnFLQbFQN1KEFt1akEdShBgVClhEK3_9G74Kbyq0e5d0cOyxduHQYVjcO5xHQBTVLWu0cc_gKXmqwY
CitedBy_id	crossref_primary_10_1177_07356331241293163 crossref_primary_10_1080_10494820_2021_1961159 crossref_primary_10_1111_jcal_12545 crossref_primary_10_3389_fpsyg_2019_02713 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10639_021_10596_y crossref_primary_10_1080_0144929X_2020_1781931 crossref_primary_10_1080_10494820_2021_1946564 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jss_2024_112329 crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2018_2883500 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_entcom_2020_100387 crossref_primary_10_1177_0735633117706109 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_compedu_2021_104400 crossref_primary_10_1002_cae_22255 crossref_primary_10_1108_IJILT_01_2021_0003 crossref_primary_10_1111_jcal_12895 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10798_024_09954_x crossref_primary_10_1007_s10639_021_10776_w crossref_primary_10_1002_cae_22808 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10639_022_10891_2 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11423_019_09708_w crossref_primary_10_1080_0144929X_2021_1921028 crossref_primary_10_37669_milliegitim_970167 crossref_primary_10_1080_21532974_2017_1387831 crossref_primary_10_1111_bjet_13358 crossref_primary_10_1111_jcal_12645 crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2020_3041686 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10209_021_00842_y crossref_primary_10_1007_s10639_023_12084_x crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ifacol_2016_11_133 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10639_024_12448_x crossref_primary_10_3390_su151612335 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11423_023_10312_2 crossref_primary_10_1177_07356331241303067 crossref_primary_10_1080_0020739X_2021_2021306 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10956_023_10089_2 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10758_021_09562_x crossref_primary_10_1109_TG_2022_3143701 crossref_primary_10_1177_07356331211027387 crossref_primary_10_1109_RITA_2019_2950130 crossref_primary_10_1177_07356331241227793 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11423_022_10112_0 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10639_021_10578_0 crossref_primary_10_1145_3494579 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11423_024_10364_y crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijhcs_2020_102450 crossref_primary_10_1002_cae_22723 crossref_primary_10_1111_jcal_13038 crossref_primary_10_29333_ejmste_91243 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijcci_2024_100709 crossref_primary_10_29333_ejmste_91248 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10798_021_09679_1 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0201919 crossref_primary_10_1108_IDD_09_2022_0091 crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2020_3020007 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10639_020_10111_9 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10639_025_13386_y crossref_primary_10_1007_s11423_021_10034_3 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_compedu_2020_103807 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40692_022_00236_w crossref_primary_10_1016_j_tate_2019_03_002 crossref_primary_10_3390_computers13040091 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_chb_2017_09_029 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_compedu_2021_104173 crossref_primary_10_1177_0261429419854223 crossref_primary_10_1177_0735633119827956 crossref_primary_10_1002_curj_40 crossref_primary_10_1111_bjet_13125 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10639_019_09905_3 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10639_023_11880_9 crossref_primary_10_16949_turkbilmat_466047 crossref_primary_10_1186_s40594_020_00218_3 crossref_primary_10_30935_cet_554493 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10639_023_11577_z crossref_primary_10_1080_10494820_2024_2308101 crossref_primary_10_1177_07356331211037757 crossref_primary_10_5209_rced_85811 crossref_primary_10_1177_0735633119872908 crossref_primary_10_1080_1475939X_2024_2316087 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10956_019_09799_3 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_tsc_2022_101043 crossref_primary_10_3233_EFI_170108 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10639_021_10617_w crossref_primary_10_1016_j_compedu_2019_103607 crossref_primary_10_1145_3445984 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_chb_2019_106230 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ifacol_2024_10_271 crossref_primary_10_1080_15391523_2023_2232900 crossref_primary_10_1080_10494820_2022_2150220 crossref_primary_10_35675_befdergi_775568 crossref_primary_10_1109_TE_2023_3297221 crossref_primary_10_1080_08993408_2023_2245687 crossref_primary_10_1080_10494820_2023_2223239 crossref_primary_10_1111_jcal_12838 crossref_primary_10_1111_ejed_12507 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_chb_2017_09_025 crossref_primary_10_1080_08993408_2022_2145549 crossref_primary_10_1002_cae_21985 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11423_019_09648_5 crossref_primary_10_3102_00346543231216958 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_chb_2021_106836 crossref_primary_10_3390_su10103819 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10639_024_12597_z crossref_primary_10_1007_s11423_025_10499_6 crossref_primary_10_1080_15391523_2019_1624661 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11423_021_10021_8 crossref_primary_10_1111_jcal_70110 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_compedu_2024_105016 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_compedu_2025_105430 crossref_primary_10_29333_pr_12802 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_tsc_2020_100720 crossref_primary_10_3390_su131911114 crossref_primary_10_1111_jcal_12828 crossref_primary_10_3390_app15031521 crossref_primary_10_3390_educsci11020080 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_caeo_2025_100252 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_tsc_2020_100726 crossref_primary_10_1177_21582440231205409 crossref_primary_10_3390_mti6020013 crossref_primary_10_1177_07356331221098793 crossref_primary_10_21061_jte_v36i2_a_5 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10798_021_09702_5 crossref_primary_10_1177_07356331241268474 crossref_primary_10_1145_3587163 crossref_primary_10_1111_jcal_12815 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40753_024_00248_0 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_chb_2018_11_038 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11528_018_0292_7 crossref_primary_10_1002_cae_22659 crossref_primary_10_1186_s41039_019_0106_3 crossref_primary_10_1080_15427587_2020_1807986 crossref_primary_10_1080_08993408_2024_2314397 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_chb_2023_107749 crossref_primary_10_1111_jcal_13110 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_compedu_2018_10_005 crossref_primary_10_1080_15391523_2020_1870250 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10639_021_10471_w crossref_primary_10_1177_10567879221076077 crossref_primary_10_1080_08993408_2019_1696169 crossref_primary_10_12677_ces_2024_1210691 crossref_primary_10_23947_2334_8496_2025_13_2_413_426 crossref_primary_10_1186_s40594_024_00495_2 crossref_primary_10_1080_10494820_2022_2042311 crossref_primary_10_1108_IJILT_02_2020_0021 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11423_023_10339_5 crossref_primary_10_1111_bjet_13071 crossref_primary_10_1080_08993408_2018_1547564 crossref_primary_10_1515_itit_2024_0020 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_compedu_2020_104083 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11423_021_10016_5 crossref_primary_10_1109_TLT_2019_2901457 crossref_primary_10_1109_TE_2020_3030588 crossref_primary_10_1177_0735633120988807 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10639_023_12052_5 crossref_primary_10_3389_fpsyg_2021_615786 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10639_022_11467_w crossref_primary_10_1016_j_compedu_2021_104267 crossref_primary_10_1080_10494820_2019_1636090 crossref_primary_10_1111_jcal_12904 crossref_primary_10_1002_cae_22321 crossref_primary_10_47215_aji_791967 crossref_primary_10_3390_educsci10090214 crossref_primary_10_1007_s42979_022_01209_7 crossref_primary_10_26634_jet_18_2_17970 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_chb_2017_04_058 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_tsc_2021_100926 crossref_primary_10_3390_educsci9030181 crossref_primary_10_1111_jcal_12591 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_chb_2019_01_008 crossref_primary_10_1111_bjet_13092 crossref_primary_10_30935_cet_471004 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10639_021_10883_8 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_compedu_2018_01_011 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_learninstruc_2024_102041 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_chb_2020_106349 crossref_primary_10_1080_10494820_2023_2194929 crossref_primary_10_1109_TE_2016_2622227 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_compedu_2022_104623 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_compedu_2022_104505 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10758_018_9391_y crossref_primary_10_1177_07356331221102312 crossref_primary_10_1002_tea_21918 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10639_021_10502_6 crossref_primary_10_1057_s41599_023_02235_3 crossref_primary_10_1080_15391523_2021_2014372 crossref_primary_10_1177_07356331231206071 crossref_primary_10_1002_hbe2_224 crossref_primary_10_3389_fpsyg_2021_771221 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10639_021_10430_5 crossref_primary_10_1021_acs_jchemed_9b00210 crossref_primary_10_1177_07356331231210560 crossref_primary_10_1177_07356331241242435 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10639_024_13107_x crossref_primary_10_3390_mti4030065 crossref_primary_10_3102_00346543241241327 crossref_primary_10_3389_feduc_2025_1522694 crossref_primary_10_30786_jef_556701 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_compedu_2020_103898 crossref_primary_10_1177_07356331211035182 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_compedu_2023_104961 crossref_primary_10_1080_00368121_2020_1764468 crossref_primary_10_1177_09610006221090953 crossref_primary_10_1080_11356405_2017_1305075 crossref_primary_10_1002_cae_22664 crossref_primary_10_1177_10762175221149259 crossref_primary_10_7821_naer_2019_7_437 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10639_018_9823_2 crossref_primary_10_1080_03057267_2024_2397300 crossref_primary_10_1108_JARHE_02_2018_0031 crossref_primary_10_3389_feduc_2022_957739 crossref_primary_10_1080_15391523_2024_2338086 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12369_022_00916_8 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijer_2022_102008 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11528_024_00993_8 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10639_019_10010_8 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10639_023_11983_3 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11423_023_10323_z crossref_primary_10_1111_jcal_70074 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10956_019_09794_8 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_compedu_2019_103798 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_compedu_2020_103872
Cites_doi	10.1016/j.compedu.2012.11.016 10.1007/s10639-012-9240-x 10.1016/j.compedu.2009.01.004 10.1007/s11423-010-9184-z 10.1145/1868358.1868363 10.3102/0013189X12463051 10.1016/j.jbusres.2003.09.013 10.1080/17437270902749262 10.1016/j.compedu.2010.09.018 10.11613/BM.2012.031 10.1016/j.compedu.2014.11.022 10.3102/0013189X11428813 10.3102/00346543048002251 10.1287/mnsc.35.8.982 10.1145/1592761.1592779 10.1145/2038876.2038883 10.1145/1461928.1461938 10.1207/S15327809JLS1204_2 10.1177/001316446002000104 10.1177/0022487108327554 10.1145/1118178.1118215 10.21432/T26K60 10.4018/ijpop.2011010101 10.5209/rev_RCED.2012.v23.n1.39105
ContentType	Journal Article
Copyright	2016 Elsevier Ltd
Copyright_xml	– notice: 2016 Elsevier Ltd
DBID	AAYXX CITATION 7SC 8FD JQ2 L7M L~C L~D
DOI	10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003
DatabaseName	CrossRef Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Technology Research Database ProQuest Computer Science Collection Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Academic Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Professional
DatabaseTitle	CrossRef Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Technology Research Database Computer and Information Systems Abstracts – Academic Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace ProQuest Computer Science Collection Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Professional
DatabaseTitleList	Computer and Information Systems Abstracts
DeliveryMethod	fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline	Education
EISSN	1873-782X
EndPage	141
ExternalDocumentID	10_1016_j_compedu_2016_03_003 S0360131516300549
GroupedDBID	--K --M -~X .DC .~1 0R~ 1B1 1RT 1~. 1~5 29F 4.4 41~ 457 4G. 5GY 5VS 6J9 6TJ 7-5 71M 8P~ 9JO AABNK AACTN AAEDT AAEDW AAFJI AAIAV AAIKJ AAKOC AALRI AAOAW AAQFI AAQXK AAXUO ABFNM ABFRF ABIVO ABJNI ABMAC ABMMH ABTAH ABXDB ABYKQ ACDAQ ACGFS ACHQT ACRLP ACTDY ADBBV ADEZE ADHUB ADIYS ADMUD AEBSH AEFWE AEKER AENEX AFFNX AFKWA AFTJW AGHFR AGUBO AGYEJ AHHHB AI. AIEXJ AIKHN AITUG AJBFU AJOXV AKYCK ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS AMFUW AMRAJ AOMHK ASPBG AVARZ AVWKF AXJTR AZFZN BKOJK BLXMC CS3 DU5 EBS EFJIC EFLBG EJD EO8 EO9 EP2 EP3 F5P FDB FEDTE FGOYB FIRID FNPLU FYGXN G-2 G-Q GBLVA HF~ HLZ HMY HVGLF HZ~ IHE J1W KOM LG9 M3Y M41 MO0 N9A NHB O-L O9- OAUVE OHT OZT P-8 P-9 P2P PC. PRBVW Q38 R2- RIG ROL RPZ SBC SDF SDG SDP SES SEW SPCBC SSB SSO SSS SSZ T5K UNMZH VH1 WUQ XSW ZY4 ~G- 9DU AATTM AAXKI AAYWO AAYXX ABUFD ABWVN ACLOT ACRPL ACVFH ADCNI ADMHG ADNMO ADVLN AEIPS AEUPX AFJKZ AFPUW AGQPQ AIGII AIIUN AKBMS AKRWK AKYEP ANKPU APXCP CITATION EFKBS ~HD 7SC 8FD JQ2 L7M L~C L~D
ID	FETCH-LOGICAL-c408t-8be056d3bc1f0d2310ced5951884d314a545a6f24bcd2fe8d29b6797a2085cce3
ISICitedReferencesCount	325
ISICitedReferencesURI	http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000374601500010&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
ISSN	0360-1315
IngestDate	Sat Sep 27 21:37:25 EDT 2025 Sat Nov 29 02:47:57 EST 2025 Tue Nov 18 21:27:31 EST 2025 Fri Feb 23 02:36:01 EST 2024
IsPeerReviewed	true
IsScholarly	true
Keywords	Computational thinking Teaching/learning strategies Programming and programming languages Elementary education Improving classroom teaching
Language	English
LinkModel	OpenURL
MergedId	FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c408t-8be056d3bc1f0d2310ced5951884d314a545a6f24bcd2fe8d29b6797a2085cce3
Notes	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
PQID	1808112732
PQPubID	23500
PageCount	13
ParticipantIDs	proquest_miscellaneous_1808112732 crossref_citationtrail_10_1016_j_compedu_2016_03_003 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_compedu_2016_03_003 elsevier_sciencedirect_doi_10_1016_j_compedu_2016_03_003
PublicationCentury	2000
PublicationDate	June 2016 2016-06-00 20160601
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD	2016-06-01
PublicationDate_xml	– month: 06 year: 2016 text: June 2016
PublicationDecade	2010
PublicationTitle	Computers and education
PublicationYear	2016
Publisher	Elsevier Ltd
Publisher_xml	– name: Elsevier Ltd
References	Kolodner, Camp, Crismond, Fasse, Gray, Holbrook (bib32) 2003; 12 Kwon, Kim, Shim, Lee (bib33) 2012; 55 Maya, Pearson, Tapia, Wherfel, Reese (bib40) 2015; 82 McHugh (bib41) 2012; 22 Resnick, Maloney, Hernández, Rusk, Eastmond, Brennan (bib44) 2009; 52 Guba, Lincoln (bib25) 1981 Gwet (bib26) 2014 Johnson, Adams Becker, Estrada, Freeman (bib30) 2014 Spanish Ministry of Education and Culture and Sports, MECD (bib48) 2014 Maxcy (bib39) 2003 Baytak, Land (bib5) 2011; 59 Brennan, Resnick (bib9) 2012 Cohen (bib11) 1960; 20 Kafai, Burke (bib31) 2014 Gagne, Briggs, Wager (bib20) 1992 Näsström (bib42) 2009; 32 Hair, Anderson, Tatham, Black (bib27) 1998 Sáez-López, Ruiz (bib46) 2012; 23 Gardner, Feng (bib21) 2010 Wing (bib52) 2006; 49 Fletcher, Lu (bib18) 2009; 52 Sáez-López, Miller, Vázquez-Cano, Domínguez-Garrido (bib45) 2015; 18 Vygotsky (bib49) 1978 Fessakis, Gouli, Mavroudi (bib17) 2013; 63 Ausubel (bib4) 1978; 48 Anderson (bib1) 2005; 31 Brennan (bib7) 2012 European Parliament and Council (bib16) 2006 International Society for Technology in Education and the Computer Science Teachers Association (bib29) 2011 Laros, Steenkamp (bib35) 2005; 58 Bloom (bib6) 1956 Clark, Rogers, Spradling, Pais (bib10) 2013; 28 Lee (bib36) 2011; 56 Brennan, Balch, Chung (bib8) 2014 Davis, Bagozzi, Warshaw (bib14) 2002; 35 Hiltz, Coppola, Rotter, Turoff (bib28) 2000; 4 Creswell (bib13) 2003 Sengupta, Kinnebrew, Basu, Biswas, Clark (bib47) 2013; 18 Goetz, LeCompte (bib22) 1988 Wilson, Moffat (bib51) 2010 Cohen, Manion, Morrison (bib12) 2000 Lin, Yen, Yang, Chen (bib37) 2005, June Anderson, Shattuck (bib2) 2012; 41 Papert (bib43) 1980 Maloney, Resnick, Rusk, Silverman, Eastmong (bib38) 2010; 10 Grover, Pea (bib24) 2013; 42 Weintrop, Beheshti, Horn, Orton, Jona, Trouille (bib50) 2015; 10 Lambert, Guiffre (bib34) 2009; 24 Dede, Ketelhut, Whitehouse, Breit, McCloskey (bib15) 2009; 60 Fu, Wu, Ho (bib19) 2009; 53 Armoni (bib3) 2011; 2 Good (bib23) 2011; 1 Lambert (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib34) 2009; 24 Maxcy (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib39) 2003 Sáez-López (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib45) 2015; 18 Resnick (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib44) 2009; 52 Grover (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib24) 2013; 42 Bloom (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib6) 1956 Dede (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib15) 2009; 60 Anderson (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib1) 2005; 31 Cohen (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib12) 2000 Fu (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib19) 2009; 53 Spanish Ministry of Education and Culture and Sports, MECD (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib48) 2014 European Parliament and Council (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib16) 2006 Good (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib23) 2011; 1 Brennan (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib8) 2014 Cohen (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib11) 1960; 20 Gardner (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib21) 2010 Gwet (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib26) 2014 Weintrop (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib50) 2015; 10 Anderson (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib2) 2012; 41 Lin (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib37) 2005 Sáez-López (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib46) 2012; 23 Hair (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib27) 1998 Kolodner (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib32) 2003; 12 Brennan (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib7) 2012 McHugh (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib41) 2012; 22 Guba (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib25) 1981 Kafai (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib31) 2014 Wilson (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib51) 2010 Ausubel (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib4) 1978; 48 Lee (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib36) 2011; 56 Kwon (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib33) 2012; 55 Fessakis (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib17) 2013; 63 Gagne (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib20) 1992 Creswell (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib13) 2003 Davis (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib14) 2002; 35 International Society for Technology in Education and the Computer Science Teachers Association (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib29) 2011 Goetz (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib22) 1988 Wing (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib52) 2006; 49 Fletcher (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib18) 2009; 52 Papert (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib43) 1980 Hiltz (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib28) 2000; 4 Laros (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib35) 2005; 58 Johnson (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib30) 2014 Baytak (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib5) 2011; 59 Clark (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib10) 2013; 28 Maloney (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib38) 2010; 10 Näsström (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib42) 2009; 32 Sengupta (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib47) 2013; 18 Armoni (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib3) 2011; 2 Maya (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib40) 2015; 82 Vygotsky (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib49) 1978 Brennan (10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib9) 2012
References_xml	– volume: 2 start-page: 19 year: 2011 end-page: 20 ident: bib3 article-title: The nature of CS in K-12 curricula: the roots of confusion publication-title: ACM Inroads – year: 2014 ident: bib48 article-title: Royal Decree 126/2014, whereby the core curriculum of primary education is established – year: 1956 ident: bib6 article-title: Taxonomy of educational objectives: The classification of educational goals, handbook 1 cognitive domain – volume: 58 start-page: 1437 year: 2005 end-page: 1445 ident: bib35 article-title: Emotions in consumer behavior: a hierarchical approach publication-title: Journal of Business Research – volume: 48 start-page: 251 year: 1978 end-page: 257 ident: bib4 article-title: In defense of advance organizers: a reply to the critics publication-title: Review of Educational Research – volume: 60 start-page: 8 year: 2009 end-page: 19 ident: bib15 article-title: A research agenda for online teacher professional development publication-title: Journal of Teacher Education – year: 2005, June ident: bib37 article-title: Teaching computer programming in elementary schools: a pilot study publication-title: National educational computing conference – year: 1992 ident: bib20 article-title: Principles of instructional design – volume: 49 start-page: 33 year: 2006 end-page: 35 ident: bib52 article-title: Computational thinking publication-title: Communications of the ACM – volume: 20 start-page: 37 year: 1960 end-page: 46 ident: bib11 article-title: A coefficient of agreement for nominal scales publication-title: Educational and Psychological Measurement – volume: 52 start-page: 23 year: 2009 end-page: 25 ident: bib18 article-title: Human computing skills: rethinking the K-12 experience publication-title: Communications of the ACM – Association for Computing Machinery – CACM – volume: 10 year: 2015 ident: bib50 article-title: Defining computational thinking for mathematics and science classrooms publication-title: Journal of Science Education and Technology – volume: 59 start-page: 765 year: 2011 end-page: 782 ident: bib5 article-title: An investigation of the artifacts and process of constructing computer games about environmental science in a fifth grade classroom publication-title: Educational Technology Research and Development – year: 2012 ident: bib7 article-title: Best of both worlds: Issues of structure and agency in computational creation, in and out of school – volume: 32 start-page: 39 year: 2009 end-page: 51 ident: bib42 article-title: Interpretation of standards with Bloom's revised taxonomy: a comparison of teachers and assessment experts publication-title: International Journal of Research & Method in Education – volume: 52 year: 2009 ident: bib44 article-title: Scratch: programming for all publication-title: Communications of the ACM – volume: 63 start-page: 87 year: 2013 end-page: 97 ident: bib17 article-title: Problem solving by 5-6 year old kindergarten children in a computer programming environment: a case study publication-title: Computers & Education – volume: 22 start-page: 276 year: 2012 end-page: 282 ident: bib41 article-title: Interrater reliability: the kappa statistic publication-title: Biochemia Medica – volume: 28 start-page: 204 year: 2013 end-page: 210 ident: bib10 article-title: What, no canoes? Lessons learned while hosting a Scratch summer camp publication-title: Journal of Computing Sciences in Colleges – volume: 1 start-page: 1 year: 2011 end-page: 24 ident: bib23 article-title: Learners at the wheel: novice programming environments come of age publication-title: International Journal of People-Oriented Programming – year: 2003 ident: bib13 article-title: Research design: qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approach – year: 2014 ident: bib8 article-title: Creative computing – volume: 18 start-page: 114 year: 2015 end-page: 128 ident: bib45 article-title: Exploring application, attitudes and integration of video games: minecraftEdu in middle school publication-title: Educational Technology & Society – volume: 82 start-page: 263 year: 2015 end-page: 279 ident: bib40 article-title: Supporting all learners in school-wide computational thinking: a cross-case qualitative analysis publication-title: Computers & Education – start-page: 51 year: 2003 end-page: 89 ident: bib39 article-title: Pragmatic threads in mixed methods research in the social sciences: the search for multiple modes of inquiry and the end of the philosophy of formalism publication-title: Handbook of mixed methods in social and behavioral research – year: 2010 ident: bib51 article-title: Evaluating Scratch to introduce younger school children to programming publication-title: Proceedings of the 22nd Annual Psychology of Programming Interest Group (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Leganes, Spain) – volume: 56 start-page: 527 year: 2011 end-page: 538 ident: bib36 article-title: Empowering teachers to create educational software: a constructivist approach utilizing Etoys, pair programming and cognitive apprenticeship publication-title: Computers & Education – year: 1998 ident: bib27 article-title: Multivariate data analysis – year: 1988 ident: bib22 article-title: Ethnography and qualitative design in educational research – year: 2014 ident: bib31 article-title: Connected code: why children need to learn programming – year: 2014 ident: bib30 article-title: NMC Horizon Report: 2014 K-12 edition – volume: 24 start-page: 118 year: 2009 end-page: 124 ident: bib34 article-title: Computer science outreach in an elementary school publication-title: Journal of Computing Sciences in Colleges – volume: 42 start-page: 38 year: 2013 end-page: 43 ident: bib24 article-title: Computational thinking in K-12, a review of the state of the field publication-title: Educational Researcher – volume: 4 start-page: 103 year: 2000 end-page: 125 ident: bib28 article-title: Measuring the importance of collaborative learning for the effectiveness of ALN: a multi-measure, multi-method approach publication-title: Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks – volume: 12 start-page: 495 year: 2003 end-page: 547 ident: bib32 article-title: Problem-based learning meets case-based reasoning in the middle-school science classroom: putting learning by design into practice publication-title: Journal of the Learning Sciences – volume: 31 start-page: 69 year: 2005 end-page: 83 ident: bib1 article-title: Design-based research and its application to a call centre innovation in distance education publication-title: Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology – year: 2000 ident: bib12 article-title: Research methods in education – start-page: 229 year: 2010 end-page: 233 ident: bib21 article-title: Broadening accessibility to computer science for K-12 education publication-title: Proceedings of the 15th annual conference on innovation and technology in computer science education – year: 2011 ident: bib29 article-title: Operational definition of computational thinking for K-12 – year: 1978 ident: bib49 article-title: Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes – volume: 35 start-page: 982 year: 2002 end-page: 1003 ident: bib14 article-title: User acceptance of computer technology: a comparison of two theoretical models publication-title: Management Science – volume: 53 start-page: 550 year: 2009 end-page: 562 ident: bib19 article-title: An investigation of coopetitive pedagogic design for knowledge creation in web-based learning publication-title: Computers & Education – volume: 18 start-page: 351 year: 2013 end-page: 380 ident: bib47 article-title: Integrating computational thinking with K-12 science education using agent-based computation: a theoretical framework publication-title: Education and Information Technologies – year: 2012 ident: bib9 article-title: Using artifact-based interviews to study the development of computational thinking in interactive media design – volume: 55 start-page: 474 year: 2012 end-page: 479 ident: bib33 article-title: Algorithmic bricks: a tangible robot programming tool for elementary school students. Education publication-title: IEEE Transactions – volume: 10 start-page: 1 year: 2010 end-page: 15 ident: bib38 article-title: The Scratch programming language and environment publication-title: ACM Transactions on Computing Education – year: 2014 ident: bib26 article-title: Handbook of inter-rater reliability: The definitive guide to measuring the extent of agreement among raters – volume: 41 start-page: 16 year: 2012 end-page: 25 ident: bib2 article-title: Design-based research: a decade of progress in education research? publication-title: Educational Researcher – year: 1981 ident: bib25 article-title: Effective evaluation – year: 1980 ident: bib43 article-title: Mindstorms: children, computers, and powerful ideas – year: 2006 ident: bib16 article-title: Key competences for lifelong learning – A european framework – volume: 23 start-page: 115 year: 2012 end-page: 134 ident: bib46 article-title: Estrategias metodológicas, aprendizaje colaborativo y tic: un caso en la escuela complutense latinoamericana publication-title: Revista Complutense de Educación – volume: 63 start-page: 87 year: 2013 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib17 article-title: Problem solving by 5-6 year old kindergarten children in a computer programming environment: a case study publication-title: Computers & Education doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2012.11.016 – volume: 18 start-page: 351 year: 2013 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib47 article-title: Integrating computational thinking with K-12 science education using agent-based computation: a theoretical framework publication-title: Education and Information Technologies doi: 10.1007/s10639-012-9240-x – volume: 53 start-page: 550 issue: 3 year: 2009 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib19 article-title: An investigation of coopetitive pedagogic design for knowledge creation in web-based learning publication-title: Computers & Education doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2009.01.004 – volume: 59 start-page: 765 year: 2011 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib5 article-title: An investigation of the artifacts and process of constructing computer games about environmental science in a fifth grade classroom publication-title: Educational Technology Research and Development doi: 10.1007/s11423-010-9184-z – volume: 10 start-page: 1 issue: 4 year: 2010 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib38 article-title: The Scratch programming language and environment publication-title: ACM Transactions on Computing Education doi: 10.1145/1868358.1868363 – volume: 42 start-page: 38 issue: 1 year: 2013 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib24 article-title: Computational thinking in K-12, a review of the state of the field publication-title: Educational Researcher doi: 10.3102/0013189X12463051 – start-page: 229 year: 2010 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib21 article-title: Broadening accessibility to computer science for K-12 education – volume: 58 start-page: 1437 issue: 10 year: 2005 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib35 article-title: Emotions in consumer behavior: a hierarchical approach publication-title: Journal of Business Research doi: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2003.09.013 – year: 2012 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib9 – year: 2012 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib7 – volume: 32 start-page: 39 year: 2009 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib42 article-title: Interpretation of standards with Bloom's revised taxonomy: a comparison of teachers and assessment experts publication-title: International Journal of Research & Method in Education doi: 10.1080/17437270902749262 – year: 2014 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib48 – volume: 56 start-page: 527 issue: 2 year: 2011 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib36 article-title: Empowering teachers to create educational software: a constructivist approach utilizing Etoys, pair programming and cognitive apprenticeship publication-title: Computers & Education doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2010.09.018 – year: 1988 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib22 – year: 1956 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib6 – year: 2006 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib16 – year: 2011 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib29 – volume: 22 start-page: 276 issue: 3 year: 2012 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib41 article-title: Interrater reliability: the kappa statistic publication-title: Biochemia Medica doi: 10.11613/BM.2012.031 – volume: 28 start-page: 204 year: 2013 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib10 article-title: What, no canoes? Lessons learned while hosting a Scratch summer camp publication-title: Journal of Computing Sciences in Colleges – volume: 82 start-page: 263 year: 2015 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib40 article-title: Supporting all learners in school-wide computational thinking: a cross-case qualitative analysis publication-title: Computers & Education doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2014.11.022 – year: 1992 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib20 – volume: 4 start-page: 103 issue: 2 year: 2000 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib28 article-title: Measuring the importance of collaborative learning for the effectiveness of ALN: a multi-measure, multi-method approach publication-title: Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks – volume: 41 start-page: 16 year: 2012 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib2 article-title: Design-based research: a decade of progress in education research? publication-title: Educational Researcher doi: 10.3102/0013189X11428813 – volume: 55 start-page: 474 issue: 4 year: 2012 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib33 article-title: Algorithmic bricks: a tangible robot programming tool for elementary school students. Education publication-title: IEEE Transactions – year: 2003 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib13 – year: 2014 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib30 – year: 2014 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib8 – volume: 24 start-page: 118 issue: 3 year: 2009 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib34 article-title: Computer science outreach in an elementary school publication-title: Journal of Computing Sciences in Colleges – year: 2005 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib37 article-title: Teaching computer programming in elementary schools: a pilot study – volume: 48 start-page: 251 year: 1978 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib4 article-title: In defense of advance organizers: a reply to the critics publication-title: Review of Educational Research doi: 10.3102/00346543048002251 – volume: 35 start-page: 982 issue: 8 year: 2002 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib14 article-title: User acceptance of computer technology: a comparison of two theoretical models publication-title: Management Science doi: 10.1287/mnsc.35.8.982 – year: 2014 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib26 – volume: 52 issue: 11 year: 2009 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib44 article-title: Scratch: programming for all publication-title: Communications of the ACM doi: 10.1145/1592761.1592779 – volume: 10 year: 2015 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib50 article-title: Defining computational thinking for mathematics and science classrooms publication-title: Journal of Science Education and Technology – volume: 2 start-page: 19 issue: 4 year: 2011 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib3 article-title: The nature of CS in K-12 curricula: the roots of confusion publication-title: ACM Inroads doi: 10.1145/2038876.2038883 – volume: 52 start-page: 23 issue: 2 year: 2009 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib18 article-title: Human computing skills: rethinking the K-12 experience publication-title: Communications of the ACM – Association for Computing Machinery – CACM doi: 10.1145/1461928.1461938 – volume: 12 start-page: 495 issue: 4 year: 2003 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib32 article-title: Problem-based learning meets case-based reasoning in the middle-school science classroom: putting learning by design into practice publication-title: Journal of the Learning Sciences doi: 10.1207/S15327809JLS1204_2 – volume: 20 start-page: 37 issue: 1 year: 1960 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib11 article-title: A coefficient of agreement for nominal scales publication-title: Educational and Psychological Measurement doi: 10.1177/001316446002000104 – year: 1998 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib27 – volume: 60 start-page: 8 issue: 1 year: 2009 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib15 article-title: A research agenda for online teacher professional development publication-title: Journal of Teacher Education doi: 10.1177/0022487108327554 – year: 1978 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib49 – year: 2000 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib12 – year: 1980 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib43 – year: 1981 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib25 – volume: 49 start-page: 33 issue: 3 year: 2006 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib52 article-title: Computational thinking publication-title: Communications of the ACM doi: 10.1145/1118178.1118215 – volume: 31 start-page: 69 issue: 2 year: 2005 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib1 article-title: Design-based research and its application to a call centre innovation in distance education publication-title: Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology doi: 10.21432/T26K60 – volume: 18 start-page: 114 issue: 3 year: 2015 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib45 article-title: Exploring application, attitudes and integration of video games: minecraftEdu in middle school publication-title: Educational Technology & Society – volume: 1 start-page: 1 issue: 1 year: 2011 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib23 article-title: Learners at the wheel: novice programming environments come of age publication-title: International Journal of People-Oriented Programming doi: 10.4018/ijpop.2011010101 – year: 2010 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib51 article-title: Evaluating Scratch to introduce younger school children to programming – year: 2014 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib31 – start-page: 51 year: 2003 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib39 article-title: Pragmatic threads in mixed methods research in the social sciences: the search for multiple modes of inquiry and the end of the philosophy of formalism – volume: 23 start-page: 115 year: 2012 ident: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003_bib46 article-title: Estrategias metodológicas, aprendizaje colaborativo y tic: un caso en la escuela complutense latinoamericana publication-title: Revista Complutense de Educación doi: 10.5209/rev_RCED.2012.v23.n1.39105
SSID	ssj0004645
Score	2.6213746
Snippet	Several authors and studies highlight the benefits of the integration of Computer Science into K-12 education. Applications such as Scratch have been...
SourceID	proquest crossref elsevier
SourceType	Aggregation Database Enrichment Source Index Database Publisher
StartPage	129
SubjectTerms	Coding Computation Computational thinking Education Elementary education Improving classroom teaching Learning Programming Programming and programming languages Students Teaching/learning strategies Visual Visual programming languages
Title	Visual programming languages integrated across the curriculum in elementary school: A two year case study using “Scratch” in five schools
URI	https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.003 https://www.proquest.com/docview/1808112732
Volume	97
WOSCitedRecordID	wos000374601500010&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
hasFullText	1
inHoldings	1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights	– providerCode: PRVESC databaseName: Elsevier SD Freedom Collection Journals 2021 customDbUrl: eissn: 1873-782X dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0004645 issn: 0360-1315 databaseCode: AIEXJ dateStart: 19950101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.sciencedirect.com providerName: Elsevier
link	http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV1LbxMxELZCy4EL4inKS6ZCXCJDvN7sg1tUpTwUAoK0ys3atR2pVbsbsklp8w_4J_xMZmzvbsRDLQcuq2i19kaZL57xeOb7CHmudZ6KJM-ZCeOUgYc2LNVBn0VaxIpzzUWirNhEPB4n02n6qdP5UffCnJ3ERZGcn6fz_2pquAfGxtbZfzB3MyncgM9gdLiC2eF6JcMfHlW2vcoVXp1iKqBOSlYtO4TuZtZB2sBTNXlAyyDiK8oXF93KcnS67vXlt7J7gbQ_Chyfo6XtrnymIfiiYFJUlQpwhhmWI7mx1Wb0W0tIOF5oU9eWNFmezKzZqJy7pDaeTbAPWbEyTRHI5_I0K9ibsliDW1v7ViNVNtuCw2wNbm7N9jIrKN4dAoRzD3-f2eBRW4HVdHT1GBeu3bNerV01r19uuc-WOM_NHYXWb07B5SeO0aZzzIDhuxyzrWi9YH3yP_4o9w9GIzkZTicv5l8Z6pPhOb4Xa7lGtoO4n8L6uT14N5y-3-jBtYLYzXduu8Ve_fHNf4uDfokIbJgzuUVu-v0JHThc3SYdU9xBaW9vqrvku8MX3cAXbfBFW3xRhy8K-KItvuAB2uKLOoy8pgMK6KKILoroohZd1KKL7nps7eJYRJYfVd0jB_vDyd5b5vU8mAp7yZIluYFwW4tc8VlP48ZCGd1PkRIw1IKHGUTzWTQLwlzpYGYSHaR5FKdxhjqyShlxn2wVZWEeEApxlU4htNeRUGGsUaZhFiWBEhFSLXOxQ8L615XKk92j5sqJrKsaj6U3ikSjyJ5Altwd8rIZNndsL5cNSGrTSR-yulBUAvguG_qsNrWEJR3P6bLClKtKclTD4bCvCB5e4ZlH5Eb753lMtpaLlXlCrquz5VG1eOph-hO3-spr
linkProvider	Elsevier
openUrl	ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Visual+programming+languages+integrated+across+the+curriculum+in+elementary+school%3A+A+two+year+case+study+using+%22Scratch%22+in+five+schools&rft.jtitle=Computers+and+education&rft.au=Saez-Lopez%2C+Jose-Manuel&rft.au=Roman-Gonzalez%2C+Marcos&rft.au=Vazquez-Cano%2C+Esteban&rft.date=2016-06-01&rft.issn=0360-1315&rft.volume=97&rft.spage=129&rft.epage=141&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.compedu.2016.03.003&rft.externalDBID=NO_FULL_TEXT
thumbnail_l	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0360-1315&client=summon
thumbnail_m	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0360-1315&client=summon
thumbnail_s	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0360-1315&client=summon