Overview of Precoding Techniques for Massive MIMO

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) is playing a crucial role in the fifth generation (5G) and beyond 5G (B5G) communication systems. Unfortunately, the complexity of massive MIMO systems is tremendously increased when a large number of antennas and radio frequency chains (RF) are utilized...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:
Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:IEEE access Jg. 9; S. 60764 - 60801
Hauptverfasser: Albreem, Mahmoud A., Habbash, Alaa H. Al, Abu-Hudrouss, Ammar M., Ikki, Salama S.
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: Piscataway IEEE 2021
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Schlagworte:
Algorithms
Antennas
Approximation
Approximation algorithms
beamspace massive MIMO
CF-M-MIMO
Channel estimation
Chebyshev approximation
Communications systems
Complexity
Decomposition
energy efficiency
IRS
Machine learning
Machine learning algorithms
Massive MIMO
Mathematical analysis
Matrix methods
Message passing
MIMO communication
Peak to average power ratio
Perturbation
Polynomials
Power consumption
Precoding
Radio frequency
Wireless communications
ISSN:2169-3536, 2169-3536
Online-Zugang:Volltext
Tags: Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
Abstract Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) is playing a crucial role in the fifth generation (5G) and beyond 5G (B5G) communication systems. Unfortunately, the complexity of massive MIMO systems is tremendously increased when a large number of antennas and radio frequency chains (RF) are utilized. Therefore, a plethora of research efforts has been conducted to find the optimal precoding algorithm with lowest complexity. The main aim of this paper is to provide insights on such precoding algorithms to a generalist of wireless communications. The added value of this paper is that the classification of massive MIMO precoding algorithms is provided with easily distinguishable classes of precoding solutions. This paper covers linear precoding algorithms starting with precoders based on approximate matrix inversion methods such as the truncated polynomial expansion (TPE), the Neumann series approximation (NSA), the Newton iteration (NI), and the Chebyshev iteration (CI) algorithms. The paper also presents the fixed-point iteration-based linear precoding algorithms such as the Gauss-Seidel (GS) algorithm, the successive over relaxation (SOR) algorithm, the conjugate gradient (CG) algorithm, and the Jacobi iteration (JI) algorithm. In addition, the paper reviews the direct matrix decomposition based linear precoding algorithms such as the QR decomposition and Cholesky decomposition (CD). The non-linear precoders are also presented which include the dirty-paper coding (DPC), Tomlinson-Harashima (TH), vector perturbation (VP), and lattice reduction aided (LR) algorithms. Due to the necessity to deal with a high consuming power by the base station (BS) with a large number of antennas in massive MIMO systems, a special subsection is included to describe the characteristics of the peak-to-average power ratio precoding (PAPR) algorithms such as the constant envelope (CE) algorithm, approximate message passing (AMP), and quantized precoding (QP) algorithms. This paper also reviews the machine learning role in precoding techniques. Although many precoding techniques are essentially proposed for a small-scale MIMO, they have been exploited in massive MIMO networks. Therefore, this paper presents the application of small-scale MIMO precoding techniques for massive MIMO. This paper demonstrates the precoding schemes in promising multiple antenna technologies such as the cell-free massive MIMO (CF-M-MIMO), beamspace massive MIMO, and intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRSs). In-depth discussion on the pros and cons, performance-complexity profile, and implementation solidity is provided. This paper also provides a discussion on the channel estimation and energy efficiency. This paper also presents potential future directions in massive MIMO precoding algorithms.
AbstractList Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) is playing a crucial role in the fifth generation (5G) and beyond 5G (B5G) communication systems. Unfortunately, the complexity of massive MIMO systems is tremendously increased when a large number of antennas and radio frequency chains (RF) are utilized. Therefore, a plethora of research efforts has been conducted to find the optimal precoding algorithm with lowest complexity. The main aim of this paper is to provide insights on such precoding algorithms to a generalist of wireless communications. The added value of this paper is that the classification of massive MIMO precoding algorithms is provided with easily distinguishable classes of precoding solutions. This paper covers linear precoding algorithms starting with precoders based on approximate matrix inversion methods such as the truncated polynomial expansion (TPE), the Neumann series approximation (NSA), the Newton iteration (NI), and the Chebyshev iteration (CI) algorithms. The paper also presents the fixed-point iteration-based linear precoding algorithms such as the Gauss-Seidel (GS) algorithm, the successive over relaxation (SOR) algorithm, the conjugate gradient (CG) algorithm, and the Jacobi iteration (JI) algorithm. In addition, the paper reviews the direct matrix decomposition based linear precoding algorithms such as the QR decomposition and Cholesky decomposition (CD). The non-linear precoders are also presented which include the dirty-paper coding (DPC), Tomlinson-Harashima (TH), vector perturbation (VP), and lattice reduction aided (LR) algorithms. Due to the necessity to deal with a high consuming power by the base station (BS) with a large number of antennas in massive MIMO systems, a special subsection is included to describe the characteristics of the peak-to-average power ratio precoding (PAPR) algorithms such as the constant envelope (CE) algorithm, approximate message passing (AMP), and quantized precoding (QP) algorithms. This paper also reviews the machine learning role in precoding techniques. Although many precoding techniques are essentially proposed for a small-scale MIMO, they have been exploited in massive MIMO networks. Therefore, this paper presents the application of small-scale MIMO precoding techniques for massive MIMO. This paper demonstrates the precoding schemes in promising multiple antenna technologies such as the cell-free massive MIMO (CF-M-MIMO), beamspace massive MIMO, and intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRSs). In-depth discussion on the pros and cons, performance-complexity profile, and implementation solidity is provided. This paper also provides a discussion on the channel estimation and energy efficiency. This paper also presents potential future directions in massive MIMO precoding algorithms.
Author Habbash, Alaa H. Al
Abu-Hudrouss, Ammar M.
Albreem, Mahmoud A.
Ikki, Salama S.
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Mahmoud A.
  orcidid: 0000-0002-6464-1101
  surname: Albreem
  fullname: Albreem, Mahmoud A.
  email: mahmoud.albreem@asu.edu
  organization: Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, A'Sharqiyah University, Ibra, Oman
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Alaa H. Al
  orcidid: 0000-0002-9296-8240
  surname: Habbash
  fullname: Habbash, Alaa H. Al
  organization: Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, A'Sharqiyah University, Ibra, Oman
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Ammar M.
  orcidid: 0000-0002-0600-0218
  surname: Abu-Hudrouss
  fullname: Abu-Hudrouss, Ammar M.
  organization: Electrical and Smart-System Engineering Department, School of Engineering, Islamic University of Gaza, Gaza, Palestine
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Salama S.
  orcidid: 0000-0003-3868-4447
  surname: Ikki
  fullname: Ikki, Salama S.
  organization: Department of Electrical Engineering, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada
BookMark eNqFkFtLAzEQhYMoWLW_oC8LPrdmctnLoxQvhZYK7XvIJpOaUjc1u1b896auiPjivGQY5jtnci7IaRMaJGQEdAJAq5vb6fRutZowymDCacE5kydkwCCvxlzy_PRXf06Gbbulqco0ksWAwPKA8eDxPQsue4pogvXNJlujeW786xu2mQsxW-i29QfMFrPF8oqcOb1rcfj9XpL1_d16-jieLx9m09v52AhaduMir42FHGuUwDjNq5KKwpnCUoMMARxi7QCtrGvKpbM2dyUvBDoUoi45vySzXtYGvVX76F90_FBBe_U1CHGjdOy82aECW8rE1SW1SSBZMTAOmeOlAKQak9Z1r7WP4finTm3DW2zS9YpJKJI_pSJt8X7LxNC2Ed2PK1B1TFr1Satj0uo76URVfyjjO9350HRR-90_7KhnPSL-uFWCCpCMfwItyYyy
CODEN IAECCG
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_1109_TVT_2024_3422013
crossref_primary_10_1049_tje2_12266
crossref_primary_10_3390_electronics11244237
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11277_024_11415_6
crossref_primary_10_3390_electronics13010231
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_dsp_2022_103717
crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2022_3208571
crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2022_3181178
crossref_primary_10_1109_TCOMM_2023_3292472
crossref_primary_10_1631_FITEE_2200169
crossref_primary_10_1109_TCOMM_2024_3486982
crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2024_3472489
crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2025_3532384
crossref_primary_10_1109_JIOT_2025_3574824
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_phycom_2024_102291
crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2022_3232855
crossref_primary_10_1007_s40031_023_00873_4
crossref_primary_10_1109_LSP_2025_3575710
crossref_primary_10_1186_s13638_022_02152_0
crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2024_3362245
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_icte_2023_02_008
crossref_primary_10_1109_JSYST_2023_3325413
crossref_primary_10_1109_TCOMM_2023_3305646
crossref_primary_10_1109_LWC_2022_3227058
crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2022_3149301
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11235_024_01135_4
crossref_primary_10_1109_TWC_2022_3206608
crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2025_3536157
crossref_primary_10_1109_TWC_2023_3238380
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_image_2025_117277
crossref_primary_10_1108_IJPCC_11_2020_0188
crossref_primary_10_3390_app15094916
crossref_primary_10_1155_2022_9457248
crossref_primary_10_1007_s41870_024_01946_3
crossref_primary_10_1109_TMC_2023_3321467
crossref_primary_10_1109_JSYST_2024_3524880
crossref_primary_10_3390_electronics13081531
crossref_primary_10_1109_TCOMM_2024_3485594
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11277_022_09943_0
crossref_primary_10_1007_s42452_025_07402_6
crossref_primary_10_1109_LWC_2024_3370188
crossref_primary_10_3390_s22051743
crossref_primary_10_1109_TWC_2024_3419137
crossref_primary_10_1109_JSAC_2025_3536504
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_aeue_2024_155646
crossref_primary_10_1109_COMST_2023_3296821
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_aeue_2023_154971
crossref_primary_10_1109_TWC_2023_3279095
crossref_primary_10_1109_TVT_2022_3166654
crossref_primary_10_1109_TVT_2024_3456102
crossref_primary_10_3390_electronics12010189
crossref_primary_10_3390_electronics13071397
crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2023_3257847
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_comnet_2023_110159
crossref_primary_10_1109_TSP_2025_3557523
crossref_primary_10_1109_TNSE_2025_3539824
crossref_primary_10_1088_1742_6596_2291_1_012011
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00500_023_08697_6
Cites_doi 10.1109/COMST.2017.2787460
10.1186/s13638-019-1631-x
10.1155/2020/3425952
10.1109/GLOCOM.2010.5683700
10.1109/TWC.2010.092810.091092
10.1109/COMST.2019.2935810
10.1109/WCSP.2019.8927895
10.1007/978-3-319-05089-8
10.1109/DRCN48652.2020.1570610672
10.1109/MSP.2010.938758
10.3390/s18010084
10.1109/ISIT.2009.5205961
10.1109/TWC.2015.2417530
10.1109/CCOMS.2018.8463344
10.1109/LCOMM.2008.060709
10.1109/LCOMM.2015.2514281
10.1109/TVT.2019.2953623
10.1109/LSP.2015.2500682
10.1109/TIT.2007.907497
10.1109/TSP.2016.2540606
10.1088/1742-6596/1438/1/012006
10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2926228
10.1109/TSP.2007.894285
10.1109/JSAC.2013.130205
10.1109/ITWKSPS.2010.5503193
10.1109/ICIEV.2016.7760136
10.1109/VTCSpring.2018.8417575
10.1109/TCOM.1972.1091221
10.1109/MSP.2011.2178495
10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2984204
10.1109/TSP.2021.3049652
10.1109/WCNC.2018.8377384
10.1109/ICC.2005.1494693
10.1109/TIFS.2021.3063632
10.9790/2834-1201021322
10.1109/TCOMM.2008.060372
10.17077/etd.ga7kqgif
10.12720/jcm.15.2.214-220
10.1109/MSP.2014.2312183
10.1109/ICNC47757.2020.9049670
10.1109/SPAWC.2019.8815519
10.1109/TWC.2014.2314654
10.1109/WCNC.2019.8886103
10.1109/TWC.2009.080053
10.1109/COMST.2015.2504379
10.1109/WCL.2014.032814.130888
10.1109/VTCSpring.2016.7504353
10.1109/GLOCOM.2014.7037314
10.1109/TVT.2018.2831790
10.1109/JSTSP.2014.2316063
10.1109/MCOM.001.2000208
10.1109/49.761034
10.1109/MCOM.2014.6736761
10.1109/GLOCOM.2014.7037324
10.1109/MCOM.2017.1600400
10.1109/LCOMM.2016.2525807
10.1049/el:19710089
10.1109/GLOCOM.2018.8647807
10.1109/ICCChina.2016.7636727
10.1109/LWC.2015.2399918
10.1109/ACCESS.2017.2760881
10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2979371
10.1109/JSAC.2020.3000826
10.1109/TSP.2019.2899805
10.1109/LCOMM.2017.2650218
10.1109/WCNC.2013.6554990
10.1109/LSP.2017.2748230
10.1109/ICCChinaW.2016.7586723
10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2944061
10.1109/TIT.2006.883550
10.1109/LWC.2020.3022879
10.1109/GLOCOM.2010.5683485
10.1109/MCOM.2014.6815892
10.1109/TSP.2019.2937280
10.1109/LCOMM.2017.2694431
10.1109/EIT.2015.7293412
10.1109/TCOMM.2019.2912383
10.1109/ICCWorkshops49005.2020.9145215
10.1109/TSP.2013.2292031
10.1109/TSP.2005.850331
10.1109/TVT.2012.2210957
10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3065923
10.1109/ITW.2003.1216764
10.1109/T-WC.2009.070987
10.1109/TIT.2007.909095
10.1109/TWC.2018.2790912
10.1109/I4CT.2015.7219627
10.1109/TWC.2016.2536662
10.1109/TWC.2009.060557
10.1109/MCOM.2018.1800196
10.1109/ACCESS.2017.2695007
10.1109/LCOMM.2014.2332346
10.1109/TVT.2009.2026906
10.1109/LATINCOM.2017.8240166
10.1049/iet-com.2015.1091
10.1109/TCOMM.2005.851605
10.1155/2018/9796784
10.1109/MSP.2010.936019
10.1109/GlobalSIP.2018.8646357
10.1109/TWC.2018.2827028
10.1109/JSAC.2015.2457211
10.1109/JSTSP.2014.2317671
10.1109/TCOMM.2004.838732
10.1109/TVT.2017.2725915
10.1109/ICIIP47207.2019.8985802
10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3033166
10.1109/TSP.2009.2016267
10.1007/s11265-017-1313-z
10.1109/TWC.2020.2987027
10.1109/PIMRC.2010.5671913
10.1109/MOCAST.2017.7937616
10.1109/ICASSP.2017.7952800
10.1109/TCOMM.2010.02.080587
10.1109/WCSP.2019.8927969
10.1109/TVT.2018.2817563
10.1109/LCOMM.2019.2911472
10.1007/978-3-030-36402-1_31
10.1109/TWC.2012.072512.111850
10.1109/ICC.2014.6884027
10.1109/JSEE.2012.00003
10.1109/GLOCOMW.2012.6477585
10.1109/ACCESS.2016.2595258
10.1007/s11276-017-1496-z
10.1109/LWC.2015.2410271
10.1109/TVT.2017.2698160
10.1088/1757-899X/231/1/012059
10.1109/CompComm.2018.8780818
10.1109/ICCT46805.2019.8947212
10.1109/TWC.2009.12.090394
10.1109/JSTSP.2014.2313021
10.1051/itmconf/20181701017
10.1109/TCOMM.2020.2987311
10.1109/SPAWC.2003.1318911
10.1109/TVT.2019.2893928
10.1109/WAMICON.2019.8765469
10.1109/TCOMM.2013.020413.110848
10.1109/LCOMM.2015.2388487
10.1515/crll.1886.99.1
10.1109/T-WC.2008.070262
10.1007/978-3-642-02295-1
10.3390/sym11111424
10.1561/2000000093
10.1109/ACSSC.2011.6190285
10.1109/ITWKSPS.2010.5503228
10.1109/ICCSP48568.2020.9182203
10.1109/MCOM.2013.6619580
10.1109/TWC.2012.090312.111998
10.1109/18.910572
10.1109/5GWF.2018.8517040
10.1515/crll.1850.40.261
10.1109/TWC.2008.061043
10.1109/TWC.2019.2920125
10.1109/TCOMM.2013.022713.120632
10.1007/BF01442795
10.1007/978-3-030-31764-5_9
10.1109/LCOMM.2015.2504506
10.1109/JSAC.2017.2699381
10.1109/TCOMM.2015.2429646
10.4218/etrij.17.0116.0732
10.1109/TSP.2003.821107
10.1109/ACSSC.2008.5074789
10.2139/ssrn.3350317
10.1109/ICC.2019.8761126
10.1109/JSYST.2019.2937463
10.1109/ISCAS.2014.6865481
10.1109/GLOCOMW.2016.7848954
10.1109/TWC.2015.2460751
10.1109/TIFS.2020.3002386
10.1109/TWC.2020.2967675
10.1109/WCSP.2019.8928065
10.1109/TCOMM.2004.841997
10.1109/APCC.2013.6766031
10.1109/SPAWC48557.2020.9154283
10.1109/TIT.1983.1056659
10.1109/JSYST.2019.2911296
10.1109/TVT.2015.2391192
10.1007/BF01457454
10.1109/ACCESS.2017.2670614
10.1109/JSYST.2017.2776401
10.1109/GLOCOM.2008.ECP.176
10.1016/j.dsp.2019.05.005
10.1109/TWC.2007.360373
10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2872715
10.1109/PACRIM.2013.6625485
10.1109/WCL.2013.071713.130328
10.1186/s13638-015-0476-1
10.1186/s13638-016-0749-3
10.1109/BMSB.2014.6873569
10.1109/GLOCOM.2013.6831645
10.1109/TSP.2013.2291223
10.1007/s11277-015-2316-3
10.1016/S0047-259X(03)00096-4
10.1109/TIT.2002.800499
10.1109/TCOMM.2019.2914652
10.1109/ISCAS.2015.7168929
10.1109/TCOMM.2017.2723000
10.1109/LCOMM.2014.2346483
10.1109/WiSPNET.2017.8300073
10.1109/CCNC.2016.7444753
10.1109/LWC.2017.2761876
10.1007/BF01581204
10.1109/SPAWC.2015.7227040
10.1109/ISCAS.2016.7538940
10.1109/Allerton.2012.6483357
10.1109/TWC.2016.2626279
10.1109/TVT.2018.2831672
10.1109/ACSSC.2016.7869195
10.1109/IEEECONF44664.2019.9048656
10.1109/WCNC.2011.5779346
10.1109/TCOMM.2011.112811.090122
10.1109/WCNC.2019.8885775
10.1109/TCOMM.2015.2498184
10.1017/CBO9780511804441
10.1109/MICC.2013.6805887
10.1109/CCECE.2016.7726751
10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3012736
10.1109/TVT.2015.2457450
10.1109/ACCESS.2017.2711784
10.1109/GLOCOM.2014.7037382
10.1017/CBO9781316799895
10.1109/TCOMM.2018.2846272
10.1109/TCOMM.2020.2974457
10.1109/TCOMM.2013.012913.110827
10.1007/BF01202355
10.1049/el.2015.4037
10.1007/978-981-13-6362-7
10.1109/MILCOM.2013.79
10.1109/TWC.2017.2655515
10.1155/2016/1745808
10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2984548
10.1587/transcom.2017EBP3077
10.1109/LWC.2020.2997653
10.1016/j.dsp.2019.06.007
10.1109/TSP.2015.2430839
10.1007/s00500-018-3356-x
10.1109/MCOM.2011.6069709
10.1109/TWC.2011.060711.101155
10.1109/TCOMM.2021.3059300
10.1109/TIFS.2017.2746007
10.1631/FITEE.1601817
10.1016/j.sigpro.2011.04.026
10.1109/LSP.2020.3028029
10.1109/TCSII.2018.2801867
10.1109/TWC.2017.2698449
10.1007/s11277-015-2317-2
10.1109/TCOMM.2015.2506700
10.1109/TIT.2007.909169
10.1109/WCL.2012.031512.120045
10.1109/CompComm.2018.8780597
10.1109/LCOMM.2017.2687871
10.3390/s20102753
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) 2021
Copyright_xml – notice: Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) 2021
DBID 97E
ESBDL
RIA
RIE
AAYXX
CITATION
7SC
7SP
7SR
8BQ
8FD
JG9
JQ2
L7M
L~C
L~D
DOA
DOI 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3073325
DatabaseName IEEE Xplore (IEEE)
IEEE Xplore Open Access Journals
IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 1998–Present
IEEE Electronic Library (IEL)
CrossRef
Computer and Information Systems Abstracts
Electronics & Communications Abstracts
Engineered Materials Abstracts
METADEX
Technology Research Database
Materials Research Database
ProQuest Computer Science Collection
Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace
Computer and Information Systems Abstracts – Academic
Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Professional
DOAJ (Directory of Open Access Journals)
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
Materials Research Database
Engineered Materials Abstracts
Technology Research Database
Computer and Information Systems Abstracts – Academic
Electronics & Communications Abstracts
ProQuest Computer Science Collection
Computer and Information Systems Abstracts
Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace
METADEX
Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Professional
DatabaseTitleList

Materials Research Database
Database_xml – sequence: 1
  dbid: DOA
  name: DOAJ (Directory of Open Access Journals)
  url: https://www.doaj.org/
  sourceTypes: Open Website
– sequence: 2
  dbid: RIE
  name: IEEE Electronic Library (IEL)
  url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/
  sourceTypes: Publisher
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Engineering
EISSN 2169-3536
EndPage 60801
ExternalDocumentID oai_doaj_org_article_1d85efeb80d74e06921cfe2f3841e0ae
10_1109_ACCESS_2021_3073325
9404152
Genre orig-research
GrantInformation_xml – fundername: Research Council (TRC) of the Sultanate of Oman
  grantid: TRC/BFP/ASU/01/2018
– fundername: Discovery Grant from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
  funderid: 10.13039/501100000038
GroupedDBID 0R~
4.4
5VS
6IK
97E
AAJGR
ABAZT
ABVLG
ACGFS
ADBBV
AGSQL
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
BCNDV
BEFXN
BFFAM
BGNUA
BKEBE
BPEOZ
EBS
EJD
ESBDL
GROUPED_DOAJ
IPLJI
JAVBF
KQ8
M43
M~E
O9-
OCL
OK1
RIA
RIE
RNS
AAYXX
CITATION
7SC
7SP
7SR
8BQ
8FD
JG9
JQ2
L7M
L~C
L~D
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c408t-76bcd16ebe51230698047fc7d0ce2e11feebf1ed5bb035fdd6f8374efe44b833
IEDL.DBID RIE
ISICitedReferencesCount 81
ISICitedReferencesURI http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000642760600001&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
ISSN 2169-3536
IngestDate Tue Oct 14 18:48:35 EDT 2025
Mon Jun 30 05:14:01 EDT 2025
Tue Nov 18 20:47:28 EST 2025
Sat Nov 29 06:12:10 EST 2025
Wed Aug 27 02:27:37 EDT 2025
IsDoiOpenAccess true
IsOpenAccess true
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Language English
License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
LinkModel DirectLink
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c408t-76bcd16ebe51230698047fc7d0ce2e11feebf1ed5bb035fdd6f8374efe44b833
Notes ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 14
ORCID 0000-0002-9296-8240
0000-0002-0600-0218
0000-0002-6464-1101
0000-0003-3868-4447
OpenAccessLink https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9404152
PQID 2517035004
PQPubID 4845423
PageCount 38
ParticipantIDs crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2021_3073325
crossref_citationtrail_10_1109_ACCESS_2021_3073325
doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_1d85efeb80d74e06921cfe2f3841e0ae
proquest_journals_2517035004
ieee_primary_9404152
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 20210000
2021-00-00
20210101
2021-01-01
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2021-01-01
PublicationDate_xml – year: 2021
  text: 20210000
PublicationDecade 2020
PublicationPlace Piscataway
PublicationPlace_xml – name: Piscataway
PublicationTitle IEEE access
PublicationTitleAbbrev Access
PublicationYear 2021
Publisher IEEE
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher_xml – name: IEEE
– name: The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
References ref57
younas (ref52) 2019; 26
ref56
ref59
chen (ref208) 2011
ref205
ref206
ref53
ref203
sobana (ref204) 2018
ref55
ref201
ref54
mumtaz (ref12) 2016
yao (ref179) 2002; 1
ref210
ref211
ref51
ref50
ref218
ref45
ref219
ref48
ref216
ref47
ref217
ref42
ref214
ref41
ref215
ref44
ref212
ref43
ref213
wu (ref139) 2014
ref49
ma (ref191) 2008; 56
ref8
ref7
ref9
ref6
ref5
ref100
shahabuddin (ref20) 2019
ref101
ref222
ref40
ref220
joham (ref207) 2004
ref35
ref34
ngo (ref58) 2015; 1642
ref37
ref36
ref31
ref30
ref33
ref32
bussgang (ref243) 1952
ref39
singh (ref140) 2020; 13
thakor (ref157) 2016; 3
hermite (ref185) 1850; 1850
(ref4) 2016
ref24
ref26
ref25
ref22
ref21
markkandan (ref202) 2016; 136
ref28
ref27
mercer (ref3) 2019
ref29
ref200
chen (ref98) 2019
ref128
ref249
ref129
ref97
ref126
ref96
ref127
ref248
ref99
ref124
ref125
ref246
lamacchia (ref197) 1991
ref93
ref133
ref254
ngo (ref46) 2014
ref92
ref134
ref255
ref95
ref131
ref252
ref94
ref253
ref250
ref130
ref251
ref91
ref90
ref86
ref137
ref85
ref138
ref259
ref88
ref135
ref256
ref87
ref257
bengtsson (ref247) 1999
ref82
ref144
ref265
ref81
ref145
ref266
ref84
ref142
ref263
ref83
ref143
ref264
ref261
ref141
ref262
ref80
ref260
ref79
ref229
ref78
ref109
ref227
ref106
ref228
ref107
ref75
ref225
ref104
ref74
ref226
ref105
ref77
ref223
ref102
ref76
ref224
subitha (ref132) 2019; 8
ref71
an (ref196) 2009
ref232
ref111
ref70
ref233
ref112
ref73
ref230
ref72
ref231
ref110
ref68
ref119
ref67
speidel (ref108) 2018
ref238
ref117
ref69
ref239
ref118
ref64
ref236
ref115
ref63
ref237
ref116
ref66
ref234
ref113
ref65
ref235
ding (ref177) 2012
brun (ref184) 1919; 6
acheampong (ref23) 2019; 32
ref60
ref122
ref244
ref123
ref62
ref120
ref61
ref242
ref121
ref240
ref168
ref289
ref169
mollén (ref221) 2013
ngo (ref103) 2013
ref290
ref170
ref178
ref175
ref176
ref173
gao (ref89) 2015
ref174
babu (ref154) 2015; 4
ref171
ref172
gauss (ref188) 2006; 191
ref180
ref181
ref189
ref186
ref182
ref183
seethaler (ref198) 2007; 3
ref269
ref149
ref267
ref146
ref268
ref147
ref276
ref155
ref277
ref156
ref274
ref153
ref275
ref272
ref151
ref273
ref152
ref270
ref271
ref150
ref159
ref278
ref279
ref158
ref280
ref287
ref166
ref288
ref167
ref285
ref164
ref286
ref165
ref283
ref162
ref284
ref163
ref281
ref160
ref282
ref161
zu (ref199) 2013
ref13
ref15
ref14
ref11
ref10
sohrabi (ref258) 2020
darsena (ref209) 2019; 2020
shahabuddin (ref136) 2020
ref17
ref16
ref19
ref18
minkowski (ref187) 1886; 1886
müller (ref114) 2014
saxena (ref245) 2016
ref2
ref1
ref192
ref190
ref195
ref193
ref194
dai (ref148) 2014
alshamary (ref38) 2017
murmann (ref241) 2017
References_xml – ident: ref24
  doi: 10.1109/COMST.2017.2787460
– ident: ref131
  doi: 10.1186/s13638-019-1631-x
– ident: ref95
  doi: 10.1155/2020/3425952
– ident: ref81
  doi: 10.1109/GLOCOM.2010.5683700
– ident: ref50
  doi: 10.1109/TWC.2010.092810.091092
– start-page: 387
  year: 2004
  ident: ref207
  article-title: MMSE approaches to multiuser spatio-temporal Tomlinson-Harashima precoding
  publication-title: Proc of International ITG Workshop on Smart Antennas (WSA)
– ident: ref16
  doi: 10.1109/COMST.2019.2935810
– ident: ref116
  doi: 10.1109/WCSP.2019.8927895
– ident: ref151
  doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-05089-8
– ident: ref117
  doi: 10.1109/DRCN48652.2020.1570610672
– ident: ref180
  doi: 10.1109/MSP.2010.938758
– ident: ref101
  doi: 10.3390/s18010084
– ident: ref192
  doi: 10.1109/ISIT.2009.5205961
– ident: ref68
  doi: 10.1109/TWC.2015.2417530
– ident: ref123
  doi: 10.1109/CCOMS.2018.8463344
– ident: ref158
  doi: 10.1109/LCOMM.2008.060709
– ident: ref122
  doi: 10.1109/LCOMM.2015.2514281
– ident: ref285
  doi: 10.1109/TVT.2019.2953623
– ident: ref90
  doi: 10.1109/LSP.2015.2500682
– ident: ref87
  doi: 10.1109/TIT.2007.907497
– start-page: 1
  year: 2016
  ident: ref245
  article-title: On one-bit quantized ZF precoding for the multiuser massive MIMO downlink
  publication-title: Proc IEEE Sensor Array Multichannel Signal Process Workshop (SAM)
– ident: ref55
  doi: 10.1109/TSP.2016.2540606
– ident: ref149
  doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/1438/1/012006
– ident: ref173
  doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2926228
– ident: ref156
  doi: 10.1109/TSP.2007.894285
– ident: ref42
  doi: 10.1109/JSAC.2013.130205
– ident: ref235
  doi: 10.1109/ITWKSPS.2010.5503193
– ident: ref135
  doi: 10.1109/ICIEV.2016.7760136
– ident: ref146
  doi: 10.1109/VTCSpring.2018.8417575
– ident: ref159
  doi: 10.1109/TCOM.1972.1091221
– ident: ref44
  doi: 10.1109/MSP.2011.2178495
– start-page: 61
  year: 2014
  ident: ref139
  article-title: QR decomposition and gram Schmidt orthogonalization based low-complexity multi-user MIMO precoding
  publication-title: Proc 10th Int Conf Wireless Commun Netw Mobile Comput (WiCOM)
– ident: ref27
  doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2984204
– ident: ref283
  doi: 10.1109/TSP.2021.3049652
– volume: 32
  start-page: 21
  year: 2019
  ident: ref23
  article-title: A comprehensive study of optimal linear pre-coding schemes for a massive MU-MIMO downlink system: A survey
  publication-title: Proc Int Joint Conf Neur Net
– ident: ref233
  doi: 10.1109/WCNC.2018.8377384
– ident: ref165
  doi: 10.1109/ICC.2005.1494693
– ident: ref290
  doi: 10.1109/TIFS.2021.3063632
– ident: ref54
  doi: 10.9790/2834-1201021322
– volume: 56
  start-page: 309
  year: 2008
  ident: ref191
  article-title: Performance analysis for MIMO systems with lattice-reduction aided linear equalization
  publication-title: IEEE Trans Commun
  doi: 10.1109/TCOMM.2008.060372
– year: 2018
  ident: ref204
  article-title: Low complexity lattice reduction aided block diagonalization pre-coding for MU-MIMO
– volume: 191
  year: 2006
  ident: ref188
  publication-title: Untersuchungen Über Höhere Arithmetik
– year: 2017
  ident: ref38
  article-title: Coherent and non-coherent data detection algorithms in massive MIMO
  doi: 10.17077/etd.ga7kqgif
– ident: ref143
  doi: 10.12720/jcm.15.2.214-220
– ident: ref96
  doi: 10.1109/MSP.2014.2312183
– ident: ref100
  doi: 10.1109/ICNC47757.2020.9049670
– ident: ref262
  doi: 10.1109/SPAWC.2019.8815519
– ident: ref242
  doi: 10.1109/TWC.2014.2314654
– ident: ref63
  doi: 10.1109/WCNC.2019.8886103
– start-page: 293
  year: 2013
  ident: ref103
  article-title: Massive MU-MIMO downlink TDD systems with linear precoding and downlink pilots
  publication-title: Proc 51st Annu Allerton Conf Commun Control Comput (Allerton)
– ident: ref227
  doi: 10.1109/TWC.2009.080053
– ident: ref22
  doi: 10.1109/COMST.2015.2504379
– ident: ref75
  doi: 10.1109/WCL.2014.032814.130888
– ident: ref201
  doi: 10.1109/VTCSpring.2016.7504353
– ident: ref126
  doi: 10.1109/GLOCOM.2014.7037314
– ident: ref289
  doi: 10.1109/TVT.2018.2831790
– ident: ref61
  doi: 10.1109/JSTSP.2014.2316063
– ident: ref273
  doi: 10.1109/MCOM.001.2000208
– ident: ref240
  doi: 10.1109/49.761034
– year: 1952
  ident: ref243
  article-title: Crosscorrelation functions of amplitude-distorted Gaussian signals
– ident: ref1
  doi: 10.1109/MCOM.2014.6736761
– ident: ref172
  doi: 10.1109/GLOCOM.2014.7037324
– ident: ref26
  doi: 10.1109/MCOM.2017.1600400
– ident: ref129
  doi: 10.1109/LCOMM.2016.2525807
– year: 2019
  ident: ref3
  article-title: Global connected and IoT device forecast update
– ident: ref160
  doi: 10.1049/el:19710089
– ident: ref77
  doi: 10.1109/GLOCOM.2018.8647807
– ident: ref134
  doi: 10.1109/ICCChina.2016.7636727
– ident: ref223
  doi: 10.1109/LWC.2015.2399918
– ident: ref109
  doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2017.2760881
– ident: ref121
  doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2979371
– ident: ref263
  doi: 10.1109/JSAC.2020.3000826
– start-page: 237
  year: 2011
  ident: ref208
  publication-title: Analysis and Design of Tomlinson-Harashima Precoding for Multiuser MIMO Systems
– ident: ref255
  doi: 10.1109/TSP.2019.2899805
– ident: ref222
  doi: 10.1109/LCOMM.2017.2650218
– ident: ref111
  doi: 10.1109/WCNC.2013.6554990
– ident: ref219
  doi: 10.1109/LSP.2017.2748230
– ident: ref128
  doi: 10.1109/ICCChinaW.2016.7586723
– ident: ref277
  doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2944061
– ident: ref105
  doi: 10.1109/TIT.2006.883550
– ident: ref280
  doi: 10.1109/LWC.2020.3022879
– ident: ref71
  doi: 10.1109/GLOCOM.2010.5683485
– ident: ref40
  doi: 10.1109/MCOM.2014.6815892
– ident: ref215
  doi: 10.1109/TSP.2019.2937280
– ident: ref271
  doi: 10.1109/LCOMM.2017.2694431
– ident: ref83
  doi: 10.1109/EIT.2015.7293412
– ident: ref171
  doi: 10.1109/TCOMM.2019.2912383
– ident: ref269
  doi: 10.1109/ICCWorkshops49005.2020.9145215
– ident: ref69
  doi: 10.1109/TSP.2013.2292031
– ident: ref104
  doi: 10.1109/TSP.2005.850331
– year: 2019
  ident: ref20
  article-title: MIMO detection and precoding architectures
– year: 2013
  ident: ref221
  publication-title: Low-PAR precoding for very-large multi-user MIMO systems
– ident: ref206
  doi: 10.1109/TVT.2012.2210957
– ident: ref18
  doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3065923
– start-page: 76
  year: 2014
  ident: ref46
  article-title: Aspects of favorable propagation in massive MIMO
  publication-title: Proc 22nd Eur Signal Process Conf
– ident: ref194
  doi: 10.1109/ITW.2003.1216764
– volume: 6
  start-page: 1
  year: 1919
  ident: ref184
  article-title: En generalisation av kjedebrøken II
  publication-title: Skr Vid Selsk Kristiana Mat Nat Kl
– ident: ref189
  doi: 10.1109/T-WC.2009.070987
– year: 2014
  ident: ref148
  article-title: Near-optimal linear precoding with low complexity for massive MIMO
  publication-title: arXiv 1411 4141
– ident: ref168
  doi: 10.1109/TIT.2007.909095
– ident: ref57
  doi: 10.1109/TWC.2018.2790912
– ident: ref5
  doi: 10.1109/I4CT.2015.7219627
– ident: ref238
  doi: 10.1109/TWC.2016.2536662
– ident: ref163
  doi: 10.1109/TWC.2009.060557
– ident: ref25
  doi: 10.1109/MCOM.2018.1800196
– ident: ref47
  doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2017.2695007
– ident: ref220
  doi: 10.1109/LCOMM.2014.2332346
– ident: ref228
  doi: 10.1109/TVT.2009.2026906
– ident: ref150
  doi: 10.1109/LATINCOM.2017.8240166
– volume: 3
  year: 2007
  ident: ref198
  article-title: Low-complexity MIMO data detection using Seysen's lattice reduction algorithm
  publication-title: Proc IEEE Int Conf Acoust Speech Signal Process (ICASSP)
– ident: ref2
  doi: 10.1049/iet-com.2015.1091
– volume: 3
  start-page: 2458
  year: 2016
  ident: ref157
  article-title: Performance of Tomlinson-Harashima precoding and dirty paper coding for broadcast channels in MU-MIMO
  publication-title: International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology
– ident: ref164
  doi: 10.1109/TCOMM.2005.851605
– year: 2016
  ident: ref4
  article-title: Ericsson mobility report: On the pulse of the networked society
  publication-title: Ericsson
– year: 2015
  ident: ref89
  article-title: Matrix inversion-less signal detection using SOR method for uplink large-scale MIMO systems
  publication-title: arXiv 1507 04588
– ident: ref37
  doi: 10.1155/2018/9796784
– volume: 26
  start-page: 1
  year: 2019
  ident: ref52
  article-title: Study of single-cell massive MIMO systems with channel aging and prediction
  publication-title: Wireless Netw
– start-page: 2479
  year: 2009
  ident: ref196
  article-title: Lattice reduction aided precoding for multiuser MIMO using Seysen's algorithm
  publication-title: Proc IEEE 20th Int Symp Pers Indoor Mobile Radio Commun
– ident: ref248
  doi: 10.1109/MSP.2010.936019
– volume: 13
  start-page: 143
  year: 2020
  ident: ref140
  article-title: Improved precoding algorithm design for downlink large scale MU-MIMO system
  publication-title: Int J Intell Eng Syst
– volume: 1642
  year: 2015
  ident: ref58
  publication-title: Massive MIMO Fundamentals and System Designs
– ident: ref254
  doi: 10.1109/GlobalSIP.2018.8646357
– ident: ref84
  doi: 10.1109/TWC.2018.2827028
– ident: ref152
  doi: 10.1109/JSAC.2015.2457211
– ident: ref49
  doi: 10.1109/JSTSP.2014.2317671
– ident: ref195
  doi: 10.1109/TCOMM.2004.838732
– volume: 8
  start-page: 2277
  year: 2019
  ident: ref132
  article-title: Modified conjugate gradient algorithms for Gram matrix inversion of massive MIMO downlink linear precoding
  publication-title: Int J Recent Technol Eng
– ident: ref170
  doi: 10.1109/TVT.2017.2725915
– ident: ref141
  doi: 10.1109/ICIIP47207.2019.8985802
– year: 2018
  ident: ref108
  publication-title: Introduction to Digital Communications
– ident: ref56
  doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3033166
– ident: ref200
  doi: 10.1109/TSP.2009.2016267
– ident: ref137
  doi: 10.1007/s11265-017-1313-z
– ident: ref272
  doi: 10.1109/TWC.2020.2987027
– ident: ref73
  doi: 10.1109/PIMRC.2010.5671913
– ident: ref147
  doi: 10.1109/MOCAST.2017.7937616
– ident: ref251
  doi: 10.1109/ICASSP.2017.7952800
– volume: 4
  start-page: 373
  year: 2015
  ident: ref154
  article-title: Performance analysis of linear and nonlinear precoding in MIMO systems
  publication-title: Int J Adv Res Comput Commun Eng
– ident: ref78
  doi: 10.1109/TCOMM.2010.02.080587
– ident: ref130
  doi: 10.1109/WCSP.2019.8927969
– ident: ref260
  doi: 10.1109/TVT.2018.2817563
– ident: ref99
  doi: 10.1109/LCOMM.2019.2911472
– ident: ref29
  doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-36402-1_31
– ident: ref70
  doi: 10.1109/TWC.2012.072512.111850
– year: 2014
  ident: ref114
  article-title: Random matrix analysis of future multi cell MU-MIMO networks. (Analyse des réseaux multi-cellulaires multi-utilisateurs futurs par la théorie des matrices aléatoires)
– ident: ref178
  doi: 10.1109/ICC.2014.6884027
– ident: ref211
  doi: 10.1109/JSEE.2012.00003
– ident: ref161
  doi: 10.1109/GLOCOMW.2012.6477585
– ident: ref35
  doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2016.2595258
– ident: ref125
  doi: 10.1007/s11276-017-1496-z
– ident: ref169
  doi: 10.1109/LWC.2015.2410271
– ident: ref286
  doi: 10.1109/TVT.2017.2698160
– volume: 136
  start-page: 141
  year: 2016
  ident: ref202
  article-title: A lattice reduction-aided information precoder for multiuser communication system
  publication-title: Int J Adv Eng Tech
– ident: ref205
  doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/231/1/012059
– ident: ref127
  doi: 10.1109/CompComm.2018.8780818
– ident: ref276
  doi: 10.1109/ICCT46805.2019.8947212
– ident: ref79
  doi: 10.1109/TWC.2009.12.090394
– ident: ref110
  doi: 10.1109/JSTSP.2014.2313021
– ident: ref19
  doi: 10.1051/itmconf/20181701017
– ident: ref274
  doi: 10.1109/TCOMM.2020.2987311
– ident: ref97
  doi: 10.1109/SPAWC.2003.1318911
– ident: ref257
  doi: 10.1109/TVT.2019.2893928
– ident: ref94
  doi: 10.1109/WAMICON.2019.8765469
– ident: ref45
  doi: 10.1109/TCOMM.2013.020413.110848
– ident: ref72
  doi: 10.1109/LCOMM.2015.2388487
– volume: 1886
  start-page: 1
  year: 1886
  ident: ref187
  article-title: Ueber positive quadratische Formen
  publication-title: Journal fur die reine und angewandte Mathematik
  doi: 10.1515/crll.1886.99.1
– year: 2013
  ident: ref199
  article-title: Low-complexity lattice reduction-aided channel inversion methods for large-dimensional multi-user MIMO systems
  publication-title: arXiv 1304 6470
– ident: ref175
  doi: 10.1109/T-WC.2008.070262
– ident: ref182
  doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-02295-1
– ident: ref6
  doi: 10.3390/sym11111424
– ident: ref7
  doi: 10.1561/2000000093
– ident: ref62
  doi: 10.1109/ACSSC.2011.6190285
– start-page: 317
  year: 2012
  ident: ref177
  article-title: A low-complexity vector perturbation precoding approach based on reactive tabu search for large multiuser MIMO systems
  publication-title: Proc Int Conf Trustworthy Comput Serv
– volume: 2020
  start-page: 1
  year: 2019
  ident: ref209
  article-title: Beamforming and precoding techniques
  publication-title: 5G REF The Essential 5G Reference Online
– ident: ref236
  doi: 10.1109/ITWKSPS.2010.5503228
– ident: ref30
  doi: 10.1109/ICCSP48568.2020.9182203
– ident: ref225
  doi: 10.1109/MCOM.2013.6619580
– ident: ref212
  doi: 10.1109/TWC.2012.090312.111998
– ident: ref239
  doi: 10.1109/18.910572
– ident: ref162
  doi: 10.1109/5GWF.2018.8517040
– volume: 1850
  start-page: 261
  year: 1850
  ident: ref185
  article-title: Extraits de lettres de M. Ch. Hermite à m. Jacobi sur différents objects de la théorie des nombres
  publication-title: Journal fur die reine und angewandte Mathematik
  doi: 10.1515/crll.1850.40.261
– ident: ref229
  doi: 10.1109/TWC.2008.061043
– ident: ref234
  doi: 10.1109/TWC.2019.2920125
– ident: ref174
  doi: 10.1109/TCOMM.2013.022713.120632
– ident: ref186
  doi: 10.1007/BF01442795
– ident: ref253
  doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-31764-5_9
– ident: ref133
  doi: 10.1109/LCOMM.2015.2504506
– ident: ref11
  doi: 10.1109/JSAC.2017.2699381
– ident: ref261
  doi: 10.1109/TCOMM.2015.2429646
– ident: ref119
  doi: 10.4218/etrij.17.0116.0732
– ident: ref138
  doi: 10.1109/TSP.2003.821107
– ident: ref193
  doi: 10.1109/ACSSC.2008.5074789
– ident: ref10
  doi: 10.2139/ssrn.3350317
– ident: ref145
  doi: 10.1109/ICC.2019.8761126
– ident: ref259
  doi: 10.1109/JSYST.2019.2937463
– ident: ref115
  doi: 10.1109/ISCAS.2014.6865481
– ident: ref166
  doi: 10.1109/GLOCOMW.2016.7848954
– ident: ref102
  doi: 10.1109/TWC.2015.2460751
– ident: ref288
  doi: 10.1109/TIFS.2020.3002386
– ident: ref48
  doi: 10.1109/TWC.2020.2967675
– ident: ref284
  doi: 10.1109/WCSP.2019.8928065
– ident: ref167
  doi: 10.1109/TCOMM.2004.841997
– ident: ref88
  doi: 10.1109/APCC.2013.6766031
– ident: ref256
  doi: 10.1109/SPAWC48557.2020.9154283
– ident: ref153
  doi: 10.1109/TIT.1983.1056659
– ident: ref287
  doi: 10.1109/JSYST.2019.2911296
– ident: ref43
  doi: 10.1109/TVT.2015.2391192
– year: 2020
  ident: ref136
  article-title: Matrix decomposition for massive MIMO detection
  publication-title: arXiv 2009 11172
– ident: ref181
  doi: 10.1007/BF01457454
– ident: ref13
  doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2017.2670614
– ident: ref21
  doi: 10.1109/JSYST.2017.2776401
– ident: ref224
  doi: 10.1109/GLOCOM.2008.ECP.176
– ident: ref28
  doi: 10.1016/j.dsp.2019.05.005
– ident: ref106
  doi: 10.1109/TWC.2007.360373
– ident: ref265
  doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2872715
– ident: ref237
  doi: 10.1109/PACRIM.2013.6625485
– ident: ref216
  doi: 10.1109/WCL.2013.071713.130328
– ident: ref210
  doi: 10.1186/s13638-015-0476-1
– ident: ref142
  doi: 10.1186/s13638-016-0749-3
– ident: ref144
  doi: 10.1109/BMSB.2014.6873569
– ident: ref275
  doi: 10.1109/GLOCOM.2013.6831645
– ident: ref230
  doi: 10.1109/TSP.2013.2291223
– year: 2020
  ident: ref258
  article-title: Deep learning for distributed channel feedback and multiuser precoding in FDD massive MIMO
  publication-title: arXiv 2007 06512
– year: 1991
  ident: ref197
  article-title: Basis reduction algorithms and subset sum problems
– ident: ref85
  doi: 10.1007/s11277-015-2316-3
– ident: ref60
  doi: 10.1016/S0047-259X(03)00096-4
– ident: ref252
  doi: 10.1109/TIT.2002.800499
– ident: ref39
  doi: 10.1109/TCOMM.2019.2914652
– ident: ref92
  doi: 10.1109/ISCAS.2015.7168929
– ident: ref155
  doi: 10.1109/TCOMM.2017.2723000
– ident: ref36
  doi: 10.1109/LCOMM.2014.2346483
– ident: ref17
  doi: 10.1109/WiSPNET.2017.8300073
– ident: ref112
  doi: 10.1109/CCNC.2016.7444753
– year: 2017
  ident: ref241
  publication-title: ADC Performance Survey 1997-2016
– start-page: 987
  year: 1999
  ident: ref247
  article-title: Optimal downlink beamformingusing semidefinite optimization
  publication-title: Proc Annu Allerton Conf Commun Control Comput
– ident: ref120
  doi: 10.1109/LWC.2017.2761876
– ident: ref250
  doi: 10.1007/BF01581204
– ident: ref232
  doi: 10.1109/SPAWC.2015.7227040
– ident: ref93
  doi: 10.1109/ISCAS.2016.7538940
– ident: ref53
  doi: 10.1109/Allerton.2012.6483357
– ident: ref226
  doi: 10.1109/TWC.2016.2626279
– ident: ref217
  doi: 10.1109/TVT.2018.2831672
– ident: ref59
  doi: 10.1109/ACSSC.2016.7869195
– ident: ref278
  doi: 10.1109/IEEECONF44664.2019.9048656
– ident: ref76
  doi: 10.1109/WCNC.2011.5779346
– ident: ref80
  doi: 10.1109/TCOMM.2011.112811.090122
– ident: ref203
  doi: 10.1109/WCNC.2019.8885775
– ident: ref64
  doi: 10.1109/TCOMM.2015.2498184
– ident: ref249
  doi: 10.1017/CBO9780511804441
– ident: ref14
  doi: 10.1109/MICC.2013.6805887
– ident: ref65
  doi: 10.1109/CCECE.2016.7726751
– ident: ref270
  doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3012736
– ident: ref214
  doi: 10.1109/TVT.2015.2457450
– volume: 1
  start-page: 424
  year: 2002
  ident: ref179
  article-title: Lattice-reduction-aided detectors for MIMO communication systems
  publication-title: Proc Global Telecommun Conf (Globecom)
– ident: ref9
  doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2017.2711784
– year: 2019
  ident: ref98
  article-title: Low complexity precoding schemes for massive MIMO systems
– ident: ref91
  doi: 10.1109/GLOCOM.2014.7037382
– ident: ref8
  doi: 10.1017/CBO9781316799895
– ident: ref268
  doi: 10.1109/TCOMM.2018.2846272
– ident: ref279
  doi: 10.1109/TCOMM.2020.2974457
– ident: ref213
  doi: 10.1109/TCOMM.2013.012913.110827
– ident: ref183
  doi: 10.1007/BF01202355
– ident: ref244
  doi: 10.1049/el.2015.4037
– ident: ref107
  doi: 10.1007/978-981-13-6362-7
– ident: ref74
  doi: 10.1109/MILCOM.2013.79
– ident: ref266
  doi: 10.1109/TWC.2017.2655515
– ident: ref118
  doi: 10.1155/2016/1745808
– ident: ref66
  doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2984548
– ident: ref218
  doi: 10.1587/transcom.2017EBP3077
– ident: ref282
  doi: 10.1109/LWC.2020.2997653
– year: 2016
  ident: ref12
  publication-title: mmWave-Massive MIMO A Paradigm for 5G
– ident: ref31
  doi: 10.1016/j.dsp.2019.06.007
– ident: ref231
  doi: 10.1109/TSP.2015.2430839
– ident: ref33
  doi: 10.1007/s00500-018-3356-x
– ident: ref15
  doi: 10.1109/MCOM.2011.6069709
– ident: ref51
  doi: 10.1109/TWC.2011.060711.101155
– ident: ref264
  doi: 10.1109/TCOMM.2021.3059300
– ident: ref41
  doi: 10.1109/TIFS.2017.2746007
– ident: ref32
  doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1601817
– ident: ref113
  doi: 10.1016/j.sigpro.2011.04.026
– ident: ref281
  doi: 10.1109/LSP.2020.3028029
– ident: ref124
  doi: 10.1109/TCSII.2018.2801867
– ident: ref267
  doi: 10.1109/TWC.2017.2698449
– ident: ref86
  doi: 10.1007/s11277-015-2317-2
– ident: ref82
  doi: 10.1109/TCOMM.2015.2506700
– ident: ref190
  doi: 10.1109/TIT.2007.909169
– ident: ref176
  doi: 10.1109/WCL.2012.031512.120045
– ident: ref67
  doi: 10.1109/CompComm.2018.8780597
– ident: ref246
  doi: 10.1109/LCOMM.2017.2687871
– ident: ref34
  doi: 10.3390/s20102753
SSID ssj0000816957
Score 2.486533
SecondaryResourceType review_article
Snippet Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) is playing a crucial role in the fifth generation (5G) and beyond 5G (B5G) communication systems. Unfortunately,...
SourceID doaj
proquest
crossref
ieee
SourceType Open Website
Aggregation Database
Enrichment Source
Index Database
Publisher
StartPage 60764
SubjectTerms Algorithms
Antennas
Approximation
Approximation algorithms
beamspace massive MIMO
CF-M-MIMO
Channel estimation
Chebyshev approximation
Communications systems
Complexity
Decomposition
energy efficiency
IRS
Machine learning
Machine learning algorithms
Massive MIMO
Mathematical analysis
Matrix methods
Message passing
MIMO communication
Peak to average power ratio
Perturbation
Polynomials
Power consumption
Precoding
Radio frequency
Wireless communications
SummonAdditionalLinks – databaseName: DOAJ (Directory of Open Access Journals)
  dbid: DOA
  link: http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV3LS8MwGA8yPOhB1ClWp_Tg0bokTZvkOIdDwT0OQ3YLzQsE2WSb8983X9uNgqAXryXN4_fle7b8PoRuKbU8MylU7r1OmPckKXRGE1sIZqnBxJX1jtcXPhqJ2UxOGq2-4J-wih64Aq5LrMicd1pgy5nDuaTEeEd9KliYp3BgfTGXjWSqtMGC5DLjNc0QwbLb6_fDiUJCSMk93OsUmmM3XFHJ2F-3WPlhl0tnMzhGR3WUGPeq3Z2gPTc_RYcN7sA2IuMNqLn7ihc-nkBeC14onm45WVdxCEfjYYiNgz2Lh8_D8RmaDh6n_aek7n-QGIbFOuG5NpbkAebglUNoLwVm3BtusXHUEeKd0544m2mN08xbm_uQbrKAFmNapOk5as0Xc3eB4pKOuCgEyQQNGuslDuhxy7Tj3Od5FiG6RUKZmhscWlS8qzJHwFJV8CmAT9XwRehu99JHRY3x-_AHgHg3FHitywdB2qqWtvpL2hFqg4B2k0gGFAM0Qp2twFStgysFZGzw3RSzy_9Y-godwHGq8ksHtdbLT3eN9s1m_bZa3pTX7xtdbNqW
  priority: 102
  providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals
Title Overview of Precoding Techniques for Massive MIMO
URI https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9404152
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2517035004
https://doaj.org/article/1d85efeb80d74e06921cfe2f3841e0ae
Volume 9
WOSCitedRecordID wos000642760600001&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights – providerCode: PRVAON
  databaseName: DOAJ (Directory of Open Access Journals)
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2169-3536
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0000816957
  issn: 2169-3536
  databaseCode: DOA
  dateStart: 20130101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.doaj.org/
  providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals
– providerCode: PRVHPJ
  databaseName: ROAD: Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2169-3536
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0000816957
  issn: 2169-3536
  databaseCode: M~E
  dateStart: 20130101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://road.issn.org
  providerName: ISSN International Centre
link http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwlV3NSxwxFH9Y8dAetK0tXbUyB4-OJpnMJHPURVHoqoeleAuT5AUKZVfc1d78283LZAdBKXgZhiEZXt5L3leS3wM4EMKr2lWUuQ-2lCHwsrO1KH2npReOcUz5jt-_1NWVvr1tb9bgcLgLg4jp8Bke0Wvay_dz90CpsuNW0oXyqHA_KNX0d7WGfAoVkGhrlYGFOGuPT8bjOIYYAgp-RDO5onLYL4xPwujPRVVeaeJkXs633kfYZ9jMbmRx0sv9C6zh7Ct8egEuuA38-pH0AP4r5qG4ocCXzFQxXYG2LororxaT6DxHhVdMLifX32B6fjYdX5S5QELpJNPLUjXWed5EOUSzHX3_VjOpglOeORTIeUC0gaOvrWVVHbxvQoxHJQaU0uqq-g7rs_kMf0CR8Iq7TvNai7ikQ8u05MpLi0qFpqlHIFaMMy6Dh1MNi78mBRGsNT23DXHbZG6P4HDodNdjZ_y_-SlJZGhKwNfpQ2S1yevIcK_rSL_VzMeBRLIFdwFFqCK9yDocwTaJZ_hJlswI9lbyNXmRLgyhtdHGKpM7b_fahY9EYJ9x2YP15f0D_oQN97j8s7jfT-F7fE6ezvbTXHwGylHY4Q
linkProvider IEEE
linkToHtml http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwlV3daxQxEB9KFdQHv6p4WnUffOy2STbZZB_rYWnx7tqHQ_oWNskEBLmT3rX--2ayuaWgCL4tS7JMZjKf2fwG4JMQQSvfUOU-ulrGyOveKVGH3sggPOOY6x3fZnqxMNfX3dUeHI13YRAx_3yGx_SYz_LD2t9Sqeykk3ShPBncB0pKwYbbWmNFhVpIdEoXaCHOupPT6TStIiWBgh_TXm6oIfY995NR-ktblT9scXYwZ8_-j7Tn8LQEktXpIPkXsIerl_DkHrzgAfDLO7IE-Ktax-qKUl9yVNVyB9u6qVLEWs1T-JxMXjW_mF--guXZl-X0vC4tEmovmdnWunU-8DZJIjnuFP13hkkdvQ7Mo0DOI6KLHINyjjUqhtDGlJFKjCilM03zGvZX6xW-gSojFve94cqIpNSxY0ZyHaRDrWPbqgmIHeOsL_Dh1MXih81pBOvswG1L3LaF2xM4Gif9HNAz_j38M0lkHErQ1_lFYrUtmmR5MCrR7wwLaSGJbMF9RBGbRC-yHidwQOIZP1IkM4HDnXxtUdONJbw2Olpl8u3fZ32ER-fL-czOLhZf38FjInaovxzC_vbmFt_DQ3-3_b65-ZD34m8BxNoC
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Overview+of+Precoding+Techniques+for+Massive+MIMO&rft.jtitle=IEEE+access&rft.au=Albreem%2C+Mahmoud+A.&rft.au=Habbash%2C+Alaa+H.+Al&rft.au=Abu-Hudrouss%2C+Ammar+M.&rft.au=Ikki%2C+Salama+S.&rft.date=2021&rft.issn=2169-3536&rft.eissn=2169-3536&rft.volume=9&rft.spage=60764&rft.epage=60801&rft_id=info:doi/10.1109%2FACCESS.2021.3073325&rft.externalDBID=n%2Fa&rft.externalDocID=10_1109_ACCESS_2021_3073325
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=2169-3536&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=2169-3536&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=2169-3536&client=summon