The use and impacts of direct-to-consumer genetic testing for adults with an adoption or out-of-home care experience: A scoping review
Direct-to-consumer genetic testing (DTC-GT), provided by commercial DNA companies, is now widely used across the world to learn more about family history and origins. What has not been explored at any length is the use and impacts of this technology by those who have adoption or out-of-home care (OO...
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| Vydané v: | Adoption & fostering Ročník 49; číslo 2; s. 227 - 244 |
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| Jazyk: | English |
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London, England
SAGE Publications
01.07.2025
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| Abstract | Direct-to-consumer genetic testing (DTC-GT), provided by commercial DNA companies, is now widely used across the world to learn more about family history and origins. What has not been explored at any length is the use and impacts of this technology by those who have adoption or out-of-home care (OOHC) experience. The purpose of this scoping review was to explore the use and outcomes of DTC-GT for adults from these communities, in preparation for an Australian research study. Eleven peer-reviewed articles and nine grey literature documents, written in English and published between 2000 and 2023, were located and thematically analysed. Findings suggest that DTC-GT testing can provide more information about health and heritage and offer the opportunity for connection with biological family members, whilst also raising personal challenges to do with adoption or OOHC status. DTC-GT also raises questions about the impacts of the public sharing of information, the ownership and future uses of genetic material and the support needs of the users of this technology.
Plain language summary
Genetic testing, provided by commercial DNA companies, is now widely used across the world to learn more about family history and origins. What has not been explored at any length is the use and impacts of this technology for those who have adoption or out-of-home care (OOHC) experience. This review of the literature was conducted to understand the reasons, the outcomes and impacts of using direct-to-consumer genetic testing (DTC-GT) and data platforms by those with adoption or out-of-home care experience and to prepare for an Australian research study exploring the use and outcomes of commercially available genetic testing for adults from these communities. Twenty documents, written in English and published between 2000 and 2023, were located and analysed. Findings suggest that genetic testing can provide more information about health and heritage and offer the opportunity for connection with biological family members. The review also highlighted that for those with adoption or OOHC experience, information can impact personal identity and a sense of belonging and prompt a re-emergence of grief. In addition, the review suggested that DTC-GT raises dilemmas about the ownership of genetic material, the public sharing and future uses of genetic information, highlighting the need for increased regulation and support for consumers. |
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| AbstractList | Direct-to-consumer genetic testing (DTC-GT), provided by commercial DNA companies, is now widely used across the world to learn more about family history and origins. What has not been explored at any length is the use and impacts of this technology by those who have adoption or out-of-home care (OOHC) experience. The purpose of this scoping review was to explore the use and outcomes of DTC-GT for adults from these communities, in preparation for an Australian research study. Eleven peer-reviewed articles and nine grey literature documents, written in English and published between 2000 and 2023, were located and thematically analysed. Findings suggest that DTC-GT testing can provide more information about health and heritage and offer the opportunity for connection with biological family members, whilst also raising personal challenges to do with adoption or OOHC status. DTC-GT also raises questions about the impacts of the public sharing of information, the ownership and future uses of genetic material and the support needs of the users of this technology.
Plain language summary
Genetic testing, provided by commercial DNA companies, is now widely used across the world to learn more about family history and origins. What has not been explored at any length is the use and impacts of this technology for those who have adoption or out-of-home care (OOHC) experience. This review of the literature was conducted to understand the reasons, the outcomes and impacts of using direct-to-consumer genetic testing (DTC-GT) and data platforms by those with adoption or out-of-home care experience and to prepare for an Australian research study exploring the use and outcomes of commercially available genetic testing for adults from these communities. Twenty documents, written in English and published between 2000 and 2023, were located and analysed. Findings suggest that genetic testing can provide more information about health and heritage and offer the opportunity for connection with biological family members. The review also highlighted that for those with adoption or OOHC experience, information can impact personal identity and a sense of belonging and prompt a re-emergence of grief. In addition, the review suggested that DTC-GT raises dilemmas about the ownership of genetic material, the public sharing and future uses of genetic information, highlighting the need for increased regulation and support for consumers. Direct-to-consumer genetic testing (DTC-GT), provided by commercial DNA companies, is now widely used across the world to learn more about family history and origins. What has not been explored at any length is the use and impacts of this technology by those who have adoption or out-of-home care (OOHC) experience. The purpose of this scoping review was to explore the use and outcomes of DTC-GT for adults from these communities, in preparation for an Australian research study. Eleven peer-reviewed articles and nine grey literature documents, written in English and published between 2000 and 2023, were located and thematically analysed. Findings suggest that DTC-GT testing can provide more information about health and heritage and offer the opportunity for connection with biological family members, whilst also raising personal challenges to do with adoption or OOHC status. DTC-GT also raises questions about the impacts of the public sharing of information, the ownership and future uses of genetic material and the support needs of the users of this technology. Genetic testing, provided by commercial DNA companies, is now widely used across the world to learn more about family history and origins. What has not been explored at any length is the use and impacts of this technology for those who have adoption or out-of-home care (OOHC) experience. This review of the literature was conducted to understand the reasons, the outcomes and impacts of using direct-to-consumer genetic testing (DTC-GT) and data platforms by those with adoption or out-of-home care experience and to prepare for an Australian research study exploring the use and outcomes of commercially available genetic testing for adults from these communities. Twenty documents, written in English and published between 2000 and 2023, were located and analysed. Findings suggest that genetic testing can provide more information about health and heritage and offer the opportunity for connection with biological family members. The review also highlighted that for those with adoption or OOHC experience, information can impact personal identity and a sense of belonging and prompt a re-emergence of grief. In addition, the review suggested that DTC-GT raises dilemmas about the ownership of genetic material, the public sharing and future uses of genetic information, highlighting the need for increased regulation and support for consumers. |
| Author | Hampson, Ralph Zarine, Dilshad Prictor, Megan Conrick, Jeanette (Jenny) |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1002/jgc4.1304 10.4337/9781788110747.00014 10.1016/j.ajhg.2022.01.013 10.1016/j.atg.2016.01.001 10.1007/s12687-022-00622-y 10.1086/705483 10.1191/1478088706qp063oa 10.1038/gim.2015.192 10.1007/s10502-015-9255-3 10.1002/j.1467-8438.2003.tb00545.x 10.1146/annurev-med-070119-114727 10.1080/10926755.2020.1833391 10.1080/01576895.2016.1266954 10.1353/nar.2005.0026 10.1080/10926750902978865 10.7326/M18-0850 10.1080/1364557032000119616 10.1186/s12910-015-0080-2 10.1353/ado.2012.0010 10.1353/nib.2018.0050 10.3390/genealogy2040037 10.1177/0308575917704553 10.1002/jgc4.1686 10.1056/NEJMp1805870 10.1177/1066480712452088 10.1371/journal.pone.0260340 |
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| Keywords | adoption out-of-home care DNA direct-to-consumer genetic testing (DTC-GT) |
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– ident: e_1_3_5_20_1 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260340 – start-page: 5 year: 2016 ident: e_1_3_5_38_1 article-title: When the impossible became possible publication-title: VANISH Voice |
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