The role of vascular smooth muscle cell apoptosis and migration during uterine spiral artery remodeling in normal human pregnancy

During human uterine spiral artery (SpA) remodeling, vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are lost and replaced by fibrinoid, incorporating extravillous trophoblast (EVT) cells. The aim of the current study was to determine the relative contributions of apoptosis and migration to VSMC loss during Sp...

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Veröffentlicht in:The FASEB journal Jg. 26; H. 7; S. 2975
Hauptverfasser: Bulmer, Judith N, Innes, Barbara A, Levey, Joanne, Robson, Stephen C, Lash, Gendie E
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: United States 01.07.2012
Schlagworte:
Angiopoietin-2 - pharmacology
Apoptosis - physiology
Calmodulin-Binding Proteins - metabolism
Caspase 3 - metabolism
Cell Line
Cell Movement - drug effects
Cell Movement - physiology
Female
Humans
Immunohistochemistry
Lamins - metabolism
Matrix Metalloproteinases - metabolism
Muscle, Smooth, Vascular - cytology
Muscle, Smooth, Vascular - physiology
Myocytes, Smooth Muscle - cytology
Myocytes, Smooth Muscle - drug effects
Myocytes, Smooth Muscle - physiology
Pregnancy
Transforming Growth Factor beta1 - pharmacology
Trophoblasts - cytology
Trophoblasts - physiology
Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator - metabolism
Uterine Artery - cytology
Uterine Artery - physiology
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A - pharmacology
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C - pharmacology
ISSN:1530-6860, 1530-6860
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Zusammenfassung:During human uterine spiral artery (SpA) remodeling, vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are lost and replaced by fibrinoid, incorporating extravillous trophoblast (EVT) cells. The aim of the current study was to determine the relative contributions of apoptosis and migration to VSMC loss during SpA remodeling. Immunohistochemistry (Apoptag, active caspase 3, lamin) of placental bed biopsies (8-20 wk gestation) demonstrated apoptotic cells in all samples; double immunolabeling identified these as trophoblasts, leukocytes, and endothelial cells. In total, 294 SpAs were studied, and only one apoptotic VSMC was identified. H-caldesmon-immunopositive VSMCs were observed surrounding and separate from SpA walls in partially remodeled vessels; the highest level of VSMC migration was observed in vessels with associated EVT cells (number of migrated cells 6.4 ± 1.2; distance migrated 3.5 ± 0.3 pixels) compared with those without (number of migrated cells 3.6 ± 0.5, P<0.001; distance migrated 2.8 ± 0.1 pixels, P<0.0001). VEGF-A, VEGF-C, TGF-β1, and Ang-2 all stimulated human aorta VSMC invasion in vitro, although EVT cell culture supernatants did not. In summary, apoptosis is unlikely to play a major role in loss of VSMCs from SpAs during remodeling in normal pregnancy, but VSMCs appear to migrate away from the wall of the SpA, an effect enhanced by the presence of EVT cells.
Bibliographie:ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
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content type line 23
ISSN:1530-6860
1530-6860
DOI:10.1096/fj.12-203679