Landscape-scale quantification of fire-induced change in canopy cover following mountain pine beetle outbreak and timber harvest

•Mountain pine beetle and forest harvest effects on subsequent fire were assessed.•Change in percent canopy cover was calculated from multi-temporal LiDAR.•Higher MPB tree mortality yielded greater fire-induced reduction in canopy cover.•Older harvest treatments also saw greater reduction in canopy...

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Vydané v:Forest ecology and management Ročník 391; s. 164 - 175
Hlavní autori: McCarley, T. Ryan, Kolden, Crystal A., Vaillant, Nicole M., Hudak, Andrew T., Smith, Alistair M.S., Kreitler, Jason
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:English
Vydavateľské údaje: Elsevier B.V 01.05.2017
Predmet:
bark beetles
Burn severity
canopy
carbon
clearcutting
Dendroctonus ponderosae
Eastern Cascades
Fire effects
forests
land management
LiDAR
Oregon
planning
shelterwood systems
streams
tree mortality
uncertainty
Wildfire
wildfires
Oregon
Wildfire
Fire effects
Eastern Cascades
Burn severity
LiDAR
ISSN:0378-1127, 1872-7042
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Abstract •Mountain pine beetle and forest harvest effects on subsequent fire were assessed.•Change in percent canopy cover was calculated from multi-temporal LiDAR.•Higher MPB tree mortality yielded greater fire-induced reduction in canopy cover.•Older harvest treatments also saw greater reduction in canopy cover from fire. Across the western United States, the three primary drivers of tree mortality and carbon balance are bark beetles, timber harvest, and wildfire. While these agents of forest change frequently overlap, uncertainty remains regarding their interactions and influence on specific subsequent fire effects such as change in canopy cover. Acquisition of pre- and post-fire Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data on the 2012 Pole Creek Fire in central Oregon provided an opportunity to isolate and quantify fire effects coincident with specific agents of change. This study characterizes the influence of pre-fire mountain pine beetle (MPB; Dendroctonus ponderosae) and timber harvest disturbances on LiDAR-estimated change in canopy cover. Observed canopy loss from fire was greater (higher severity) in areas experiencing pre-fire MPB (Δ 18.8%CC) than fire-only (Δ 11.1%CC). Additionally, increasing MPB intensity was directly related to greater canopy loss. Canopy loss was lower for all areas of pre-fire timber harvest (Δ 3.9%CC) than for fire-only, but among harvested areas, the greatest change was observed in the oldest treatments and the most intensive treatments [i.e., stand clearcut (Δ 5.0%CC) and combination of shelterwood establishment cuts and shelterwood removal cuts (Δ 7.7%CC)]. These results highlight the importance of accounting for and understanding the impact of pre-fire agents of change such as MPB and timber harvest on subsequent fire effects in land management planning. This work also demonstrates the utility of multi-temporal LiDAR as a tool for quantifying these landscape-scale interactions.
AbstractList •Mountain pine beetle and forest harvest effects on subsequent fire were assessed.•Change in percent canopy cover was calculated from multi-temporal LiDAR.•Higher MPB tree mortality yielded greater fire-induced reduction in canopy cover.•Older harvest treatments also saw greater reduction in canopy cover from fire. Across the western United States, the three primary drivers of tree mortality and carbon balance are bark beetles, timber harvest, and wildfire. While these agents of forest change frequently overlap, uncertainty remains regarding their interactions and influence on specific subsequent fire effects such as change in canopy cover. Acquisition of pre- and post-fire Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data on the 2012 Pole Creek Fire in central Oregon provided an opportunity to isolate and quantify fire effects coincident with specific agents of change. This study characterizes the influence of pre-fire mountain pine beetle (MPB; Dendroctonus ponderosae) and timber harvest disturbances on LiDAR-estimated change in canopy cover. Observed canopy loss from fire was greater (higher severity) in areas experiencing pre-fire MPB (Δ 18.8%CC) than fire-only (Δ 11.1%CC). Additionally, increasing MPB intensity was directly related to greater canopy loss. Canopy loss was lower for all areas of pre-fire timber harvest (Δ 3.9%CC) than for fire-only, but among harvested areas, the greatest change was observed in the oldest treatments and the most intensive treatments [i.e., stand clearcut (Δ 5.0%CC) and combination of shelterwood establishment cuts and shelterwood removal cuts (Δ 7.7%CC)]. These results highlight the importance of accounting for and understanding the impact of pre-fire agents of change such as MPB and timber harvest on subsequent fire effects in land management planning. This work also demonstrates the utility of multi-temporal LiDAR as a tool for quantifying these landscape-scale interactions.
Across the western United States, the three primary drivers of tree mortality and carbon balance are bark beetles, timber harvest, and wildfire. While these agents of forest change frequently overlap, uncertainty remains regarding their interactions and influence on specific subsequent fire effects such as change in canopy cover. Acquisition of pre- and post-fire Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data on the 2012 Pole Creek Fire in central Oregon provided an opportunity to isolate and quantify fire effects coincident with specific agents of change. This study characterizes the influence of pre-fire mountain pine beetle (MPB; Dendroctonus ponderosae) and timber harvest disturbances on LiDAR-estimated change in canopy cover. Observed canopy loss from fire was greater (higher severity) in areas experiencing pre-fire MPB (Δ 18.8%CC) than fire-only (Δ 11.1%CC). Additionally, increasing MPB intensity was directly related to greater canopy loss. Canopy loss was lower for all areas of pre-fire timber harvest (Δ 3.9%CC) than for fire-only, but among harvested areas, the greatest change was observed in the oldest treatments and the most intensive treatments [i.e., stand clearcut (Δ 5.0%CC) and combination of shelterwood establishment cuts and shelterwood removal cuts (Δ 7.7%CC)]. These results highlight the importance of accounting for and understanding the impact of pre-fire agents of change such as MPB and timber harvest on subsequent fire effects in land management planning. This work also demonstrates the utility of multi-temporal LiDAR as a tool for quantifying these landscape-scale interactions.
Author Vaillant, Nicole M.
Hudak, Andrew T.
McCarley, T. Ryan
Smith, Alistair M.S.
Kreitler, Jason
Kolden, Crystal A.
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: T. Ryan
  surname: McCarley
  fullname: McCarley, T. Ryan
  organization: University of Idaho, Department of Geography, Moscow, ID 83844, USA
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Crystal A.
  surname: Kolden
  fullname: Kolden, Crystal A.
  email: ckolden@uidaho.edu
  organization: University of Idaho, Department of Forest, Rangeland, and Fire Sciences, Moscow, ID 83844, USA
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  givenname: Nicole M.
  surname: Vaillant
  fullname: Vaillant, Nicole M.
  organization: USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Western Wildland Environmental Threat Assessment Center, Prineville, OR 97754, USA
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  givenname: Andrew T.
  surname: Hudak
  fullname: Hudak, Andrew T.
  organization: USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Moscow, ID 83843, USA
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  givenname: Alistair M.S.
  surname: Smith
  fullname: Smith, Alistair M.S.
  organization: University of Idaho, Department of Forest, Rangeland, and Fire Sciences, Moscow, ID 83844, USA
– sequence: 6
  givenname: Jason
  surname: Kreitler
  fullname: Kreitler, Jason
  organization: USGS, Western Geographic Science Center, Boise, ID 83706, USA
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Burn severity
LiDAR
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Snippet •Mountain pine beetle and forest harvest effects on subsequent fire were assessed.•Change in percent canopy cover was calculated from multi-temporal...
Across the western United States, the three primary drivers of tree mortality and carbon balance are bark beetles, timber harvest, and wildfire. While these...
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SubjectTerms bark beetles
Burn severity
canopy
carbon
clearcutting
Dendroctonus ponderosae
Eastern Cascades
Fire effects
forests
land management
LiDAR
Oregon
planning
shelterwood systems
streams
tree mortality
uncertainty
Wildfire
wildfires
Title Landscape-scale quantification of fire-induced change in canopy cover following mountain pine beetle outbreak and timber harvest
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2017.02.015
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