Secondary formation of oxygenated and nitrated polycyclic aromatic compounds under stagnant weather conditions: Drivers and seasonal variation
Severe air pollution tends to occur under stagnant weather conditions. This study focused on the occurrence and formation of PM2.5-bound polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) under stagnant weather conditions, in consideration of their adverse human health effect and ecological toxicity. The concentr...
Uložené v:
| Vydané v: | The Science of the total environment Ročník 929; s. 172487 |
|---|---|
| Hlavní autori: | , , , , , , , , |
| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | English |
| Vydavateľské údaje: |
Netherlands
Elsevier B.V
15.06.2024
|
| Predmet: | |
| ISSN: | 0048-9697, 1879-1026, 1879-1026 |
| On-line prístup: | Získať plný text |
| Tagy: |
Pridať tag
Žiadne tagy, Buďte prvý, kto otaguje tento záznam!
|
| Abstract | Severe air pollution tends to occur under stagnant weather conditions. This study focused on the occurrence and formation of PM2.5-bound polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) under stagnant weather conditions, in consideration of their adverse human health effect and ecological toxicity. The concentrations of PACs were higher under stagnant weather conditions than in other situations with averaged values of 46.0 ng/m3 versus 12.3–39.9 ng/m3 for total PACs. Secondary formation contributed to over half of the oxygenated and nitrated polycyclic aromatic compounds (OPAHs and NPAHs). Further analyses revealed different formation mechanisms for secondary OPAHs and NPAHs. Secondary production of OPAHs was sensitive to the variations of both temperature (T) and O3 concentration at T < 22 °C but sustained at a high level despite the fluctuation of temperature and O3 concentration at T > 22 °C. Elevated NO2 concentrations favored the formation of inorganic nitrogen-containing products over NPAHs under lower temperature and higher humidity. Stagnant weather events, accompanied by raised PAC levels occurred in all seasons, but their effects on secondary processes differed among seasons. The elevated temperature, lowered humidity, and increased NO2 level facilitated the secondary formation of OPAHs and/or NPAHs during the stagnant weather events in spring and summer. While under the temperature and humidity conditions in autumn and winter, increased NO2 levels during stagnant weather events promoted the production of secondary inorganic nitrogen-containing compounds over organic products. This study raised concern about the toxic organic pollutants in the atmosphere under stagnant weather conditions and revealed different formation mechanisms between secondary oxygenated and nitrated pollutants as well as among different seasons.
[Display omitted]
•Elevated concentrations of PACs were found under stagnant weather condition.•Secondary formation for PACs was significant under stagnant weather condition.•Secondary production of OPAHs was impacted by both temperature and O3 concentration.•NO2 concentrations played an important role on the secondary formation of NPAHs.•The effect of stagnant weather on secondary formation of PACs differed among seasons. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Severe air pollution tends to occur under stagnant weather conditions. This study focused on the occurrence and formation of PM₂.₅-bound polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) under stagnant weather conditions, in consideration of their adverse human health effect and ecological toxicity. The concentrations of PACs were higher under stagnant weather conditions than in other situations with averaged values of 46.0 ng/m³ versus 12.3–39.9 ng/m³ for total PACs. Secondary formation contributed to over half of the oxygenated and nitrated polycyclic aromatic compounds (OPAHs and NPAHs). Further analyses revealed different formation mechanisms for secondary OPAHs and NPAHs. Secondary production of OPAHs was sensitive to the variations of both temperature (T) and O₃ concentration at T < 22 °C but sustained at a high level despite the fluctuation of temperature and O₃ concentration at T > 22 °C. Elevated NO₂ concentrations favored the formation of inorganic nitrogen-containing products over NPAHs under lower temperature and higher humidity. Stagnant weather events, accompanied by raised PAC levels occurred in all seasons, but their effects on secondary processes differed among seasons. The elevated temperature, lowered humidity, and increased NO₂ level facilitated the secondary formation of OPAHs and/or NPAHs during the stagnant weather events in spring and summer. While under the temperature and humidity conditions in autumn and winter, increased NO₂ levels during stagnant weather events promoted the production of secondary inorganic nitrogen-containing compounds over organic products. This study raised concern about the toxic organic pollutants in the atmosphere under stagnant weather conditions and revealed different formation mechanisms between secondary oxygenated and nitrated pollutants as well as among different seasons. Severe air pollution tends to occur under stagnant weather conditions. This study focused on the occurrence and formation of PM -bound polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) under stagnant weather conditions, in consideration of their adverse human health effect and ecological toxicity. The concentrations of PACs were higher under stagnant weather conditions than in other situations with averaged values of 46.0 ng/m versus 12.3-39.9 ng/m for total PACs. Secondary formation contributed to over half of the oxygenated and nitrated polycyclic aromatic compounds (OPAHs and NPAHs). Further analyses revealed different formation mechanisms for secondary OPAHs and NPAHs. Secondary production of OPAHs was sensitive to the variations of both temperature (T) and O concentration at T < 22 °C but sustained at a high level despite the fluctuation of temperature and O concentration at T > 22 °C. Elevated NO concentrations favored the formation of inorganic nitrogen-containing products over NPAHs under lower temperature and higher humidity. Stagnant weather events, accompanied by raised PAC levels occurred in all seasons, but their effects on secondary processes differed among seasons. The elevated temperature, lowered humidity, and increased NO level facilitated the secondary formation of OPAHs and/or NPAHs during the stagnant weather events in spring and summer. While under the temperature and humidity conditions in autumn and winter, increased NO levels during stagnant weather events promoted the production of secondary inorganic nitrogen-containing compounds over organic products. This study raised concern about the toxic organic pollutants in the atmosphere under stagnant weather conditions and revealed different formation mechanisms between secondary oxygenated and nitrated pollutants as well as among different seasons. Severe air pollution tends to occur under stagnant weather conditions. This study focused on the occurrence and formation of PM2.5-bound polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) under stagnant weather conditions, in consideration of their adverse human health effect and ecological toxicity. The concentrations of PACs were higher under stagnant weather conditions than in other situations with averaged values of 46.0 ng/m3 versus 12.3-39.9 ng/m3 for total PACs. Secondary formation contributed to over half of the oxygenated and nitrated polycyclic aromatic compounds (OPAHs and NPAHs). Further analyses revealed different formation mechanisms for secondary OPAHs and NPAHs. Secondary production of OPAHs was sensitive to the variations of both temperature (T) and O3 concentration at T < 22 °C but sustained at a high level despite the fluctuation of temperature and O3 concentration at T > 22 °C. Elevated NO2 concentrations favored the formation of inorganic nitrogen-containing products over NPAHs under lower temperature and higher humidity. Stagnant weather events, accompanied by raised PAC levels occurred in all seasons, but their effects on secondary processes differed among seasons. The elevated temperature, lowered humidity, and increased NO2 level facilitated the secondary formation of OPAHs and/or NPAHs during the stagnant weather events in spring and summer. While under the temperature and humidity conditions in autumn and winter, increased NO2 levels during stagnant weather events promoted the production of secondary inorganic nitrogen-containing compounds over organic products. This study raised concern about the toxic organic pollutants in the atmosphere under stagnant weather conditions and revealed different formation mechanisms between secondary oxygenated and nitrated pollutants as well as among different seasons.Severe air pollution tends to occur under stagnant weather conditions. This study focused on the occurrence and formation of PM2.5-bound polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) under stagnant weather conditions, in consideration of their adverse human health effect and ecological toxicity. The concentrations of PACs were higher under stagnant weather conditions than in other situations with averaged values of 46.0 ng/m3 versus 12.3-39.9 ng/m3 for total PACs. Secondary formation contributed to over half of the oxygenated and nitrated polycyclic aromatic compounds (OPAHs and NPAHs). Further analyses revealed different formation mechanisms for secondary OPAHs and NPAHs. Secondary production of OPAHs was sensitive to the variations of both temperature (T) and O3 concentration at T < 22 °C but sustained at a high level despite the fluctuation of temperature and O3 concentration at T > 22 °C. Elevated NO2 concentrations favored the formation of inorganic nitrogen-containing products over NPAHs under lower temperature and higher humidity. Stagnant weather events, accompanied by raised PAC levels occurred in all seasons, but their effects on secondary processes differed among seasons. The elevated temperature, lowered humidity, and increased NO2 level facilitated the secondary formation of OPAHs and/or NPAHs during the stagnant weather events in spring and summer. While under the temperature and humidity conditions in autumn and winter, increased NO2 levels during stagnant weather events promoted the production of secondary inorganic nitrogen-containing compounds over organic products. This study raised concern about the toxic organic pollutants in the atmosphere under stagnant weather conditions and revealed different formation mechanisms between secondary oxygenated and nitrated pollutants as well as among different seasons. Severe air pollution tends to occur under stagnant weather conditions. This study focused on the occurrence and formation of PM2.5-bound polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) under stagnant weather conditions, in consideration of their adverse human health effect and ecological toxicity. The concentrations of PACs were higher under stagnant weather conditions than in other situations with averaged values of 46.0 ng/m3 versus 12.3–39.9 ng/m3 for total PACs. Secondary formation contributed to over half of the oxygenated and nitrated polycyclic aromatic compounds (OPAHs and NPAHs). Further analyses revealed different formation mechanisms for secondary OPAHs and NPAHs. Secondary production of OPAHs was sensitive to the variations of both temperature (T) and O3 concentration at T < 22 °C but sustained at a high level despite the fluctuation of temperature and O3 concentration at T > 22 °C. Elevated NO2 concentrations favored the formation of inorganic nitrogen-containing products over NPAHs under lower temperature and higher humidity. Stagnant weather events, accompanied by raised PAC levels occurred in all seasons, but their effects on secondary processes differed among seasons. The elevated temperature, lowered humidity, and increased NO2 level facilitated the secondary formation of OPAHs and/or NPAHs during the stagnant weather events in spring and summer. While under the temperature and humidity conditions in autumn and winter, increased NO2 levels during stagnant weather events promoted the production of secondary inorganic nitrogen-containing compounds over organic products. This study raised concern about the toxic organic pollutants in the atmosphere under stagnant weather conditions and revealed different formation mechanisms between secondary oxygenated and nitrated pollutants as well as among different seasons. [Display omitted] •Elevated concentrations of PACs were found under stagnant weather condition.•Secondary formation for PACs was significant under stagnant weather condition.•Secondary production of OPAHs was impacted by both temperature and O3 concentration.•NO2 concentrations played an important role on the secondary formation of NPAHs.•The effect of stagnant weather on secondary formation of PACs differed among seasons. |
| ArticleNumber | 172487 |
| Author | Wang, Ziqian Liang, Bo Yang, Fumo Zhao, Xinquan Chen, Yang Hao, Weiwei Peng, Chao Tian, Mi Chen, Jing |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Weiwei surname: Hao fullname: Hao, Weiwei organization: College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China – sequence: 2 givenname: Bo surname: Liang fullname: Liang, Bo organization: Materials Quality Supervision & Inspection Research Center, Chongqing Academy of Metrology and Quality Inspection, Chongqing 401123, China – sequence: 3 givenname: Jing surname: Chen fullname: Chen, Jing organization: College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China – sequence: 4 givenname: Yang surname: Chen fullname: Chen, Yang organization: Research Center for Atmospheric Environment, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China – sequence: 5 givenname: Ziqian surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Ziqian organization: College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China – sequence: 6 givenname: Xinquan surname: Zhao fullname: Zhao, Xinquan organization: College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China – sequence: 7 givenname: Chao surname: Peng fullname: Peng, Chao organization: Chongqing Academy of Eco-Environmental Science, Chongqing 401147, China – sequence: 8 givenname: Mi surname: Tian fullname: Tian, Mi email: tianmi628@cqu.edu.cn organization: College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China – sequence: 9 givenname: Fumo surname: Yang fullname: Yang, Fumo organization: National Engineering Research Center for Flue Gas Desulfurization, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38631623$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
| BookMark | eNqFkU9vFCEYxompsdvqV1COXmblzwwMJh6aatWkiQf1TFh4p7KZgRXYrfsl_MxldlsPXpYDBPJ7njc8zwU6CzEAQm8oWVJCxbv1MltfYoGwWzLC2iWVrO3lM7SgvVQNJUycoQUhbd8ooeQ5ush5TeqSPX2BznkvOBWML9Df72BjcCbt8RDTZIqPAccBxz_7OwimgMMmOBx8SYfLJo57u7ejt9ikOPMW2zht4ja4jOsGCedi7oIJBd-DKb_qwzzBz875Pf6Y_A5SPrhmMDkGM-KdSf4w-iV6Ppgxw6vH8xL9vPn04_pLc_vt89frq9vGtqQtjVFKrAihSkHXq8EKaInrV8aquisJllM2SAmGQceIYKInTnHSgVmZlncdv0Rvj76bFH9vIRc9-WxhHE2AuM2a045LIQVnp1HSUsZUq0RFXz-i29UETm-Sn2qy-inuCnw4AjbFnBMMurZ4-HiN14-aEj3Xq9f6X716rlcf6616-Z_-acRp5dVRCTXVnYc0cxAsOJ_AFu2iP-nxAM_XyGA |
| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1016_j_atmosenv_2024_120843 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ecolind_2025_113526 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_envpol_2025_126910 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jhazmat_2024_134911 crossref_primary_10_1063_5_0266605 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_aquatox_2025_107361 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_apr_2025_102526 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_atmosres_2025_107992 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11430_024_1534_1 |
| Cites_doi | 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.08.026 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136905 10.4209/aaqr.2006.11.0025 10.5194/acp-18-13601-2018 10.1038/nature13774 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133948 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.078 10.1021/es501543g 10.1021/acs.est.8b04523 10.1021/es060544m 10.1016/j.trac.2014.07.001 10.1021/acs.est.9b01732 10.1021/acs.est.8b05704 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147738 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.02.044 10.1016/j.envpol.2014.12.019 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.01.026 10.1038/nclimate3249 10.1021/acs.est.7b03468 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.09.051 10.5194/acp-17-6257-2017 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107344 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.12.115 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.04.098 10.1088/1748-9326/7/4/044034 10.1080/10406638.2014.892886 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00014 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30752-2 10.1021/es035454l 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131339 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.04.048 10.1175/2010WAF2222419.1 10.5194/acp-19-233-2019 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163742 10.1021/acs.est.9b06820 10.1021/acs.est.8b03219 10.1016/0004-6981(86)90064-8 10.1038/s41598-017-05092-8 10.1016/S1352-2310(03)00344-3 10.1021/es034059s 10.1016/j.envpol.2014.11.012 10.1016/j.envint.2018.12.051 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129143 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2009.10.010 10.1016/j.envsoft.2009.01.004 10.1021/acs.est.8b02386 10.1021/acs.est.9b03090 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.06.060 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.04.009 10.1039/c3cs60147a 10.1021/es00121a005 10.1016/S1352-2310(99)00417-3 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.117772 10.1016/j.trac.2011.06.017 10.1021/acs.est.9b02902 10.1021/acs.est.8b05198 10.5194/acp-19-11031-2019 10.1016/j.envint.2016.02.003 10.1002/asl.739 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | 2024 Elsevier B.V. Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: 2024 Elsevier B.V. – notice: Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
| DBID | AAYXX CITATION NPM 7X8 7S9 L.6 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487 |
| DatabaseName | CrossRef PubMed MEDLINE - Academic AGRICOLA AGRICOLA - Academic |
| DatabaseTitle | CrossRef PubMed MEDLINE - Academic AGRICOLA AGRICOLA - Academic |
| DatabaseTitleList | AGRICOLA PubMed MEDLINE - Academic |
| Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: NPM name: PubMed url: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed sourceTypes: Index Database – sequence: 2 dbid: 7X8 name: MEDLINE - Academic url: https://search.proquest.com/medline sourceTypes: Aggregation Database |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Public Health Biology Environmental Sciences |
| EISSN | 1879-1026 |
| ExternalDocumentID | 38631623 10_1016_j_scitotenv_2024_172487 S0048969724026330 |
| Genre | Journal Article |
| GroupedDBID | --- --K --M .~1 0R~ 1B1 1RT 1~. 1~5 4.4 457 4G. 5VS 7-5 71M 8P~ 9JM AABNK AACTN AAEDT AAEDW AAIAV AAIKJ AAKOC AALRI AAOAW AAQFI AAXUO ABFNM ABFYP ABJNI ABLST ABMAC ACDAQ ACGFS ACRLP ADBBV ADEZE AEBSH AEKER AENEX AFKWA AFTJW AFXIZ AGUBO AGYEJ AHEUO AHHHB AIEXJ AIKHN AITUG AJOXV AKIFW AKRWK ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS AMFUW AMRAJ AXJTR BKOJK BLECG BLXMC CS3 DU5 EBS EFJIC EO8 EO9 EP2 EP3 F5P FDB FIRID FNPLU FYGXN G-Q GBLVA IHE J1W K-O KCYFY KOM LY9 M41 MO0 N9A O-L O9- OAUVE OZT P-8 P-9 P2P PC. Q38 RIG RNS ROL RPZ SCU SDF SDG SDP SES SEW SPCBC SSJ SSZ T5K ~02 ~G- ~KM 53G 9DU AAHBH AAQXK AATTM AAXKI AAYJJ AAYWO AAYXX ABEFU ABWVN ABXDB ACLOT ACRPL ACVFH ADCNI ADMUD ADNMO ADXHL AEGFY AEIPS AEUPX AFJKZ AFPUW AGHFR AGQPQ AIGII AIIUN AKBMS AKYEP ANKPU APXCP ASPBG AVWKF AZFZN CITATION EFKBS EFLBG EJD FEDTE FGOYB G-2 HMC HVGLF HZ~ R2- SEN WUQ XPP ZXP ZY4 ~HD AGCQF AGRNS BNPGV NPM SSH 7X8 7S9 L.6 |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c404t-a996b00199e589fc6e40d8bac9d8b97ec312f77ea2e52062680d9305eaba43553 |
| ISICitedReferencesCount | 11 |
| ISICitedReferencesURI | http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=001236561600001&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D |
| ISSN | 0048-9697 1879-1026 |
| IngestDate | Thu Oct 02 22:48:55 EDT 2025 Thu Oct 02 12:07:11 EDT 2025 Mon Jul 21 06:04:26 EDT 2025 Sat Nov 29 05:03:42 EST 2025 Tue Nov 18 22:16:53 EST 2025 Sat May 25 15:41:30 EDT 2024 |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Keywords | Seasonal variability Stagnant weather Secondary formation Nitrated PAHs Oxygenated PAHs |
| Language | English |
| License | Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
| LinkModel | OpenURL |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c404t-a996b00199e589fc6e40d8bac9d8b97ec312f77ea2e52062680d9305eaba43553 |
| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 |
| PMID | 38631623 |
| PQID | 3041229496 |
| PQPubID | 23479 |
| ParticipantIDs | proquest_miscellaneous_3153767632 proquest_miscellaneous_3041229496 pubmed_primary_38631623 crossref_citationtrail_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2024_172487 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2024_172487 elsevier_sciencedirect_doi_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2024_172487 |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | 2024-06-15 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2024-06-15 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 06 year: 2024 text: 2024-06-15 day: 15 |
| PublicationDecade | 2020 |
| PublicationPlace | Netherlands |
| PublicationPlace_xml | – name: Netherlands |
| PublicationTitle | The Science of the total environment |
| PublicationTitleAlternate | Sci Total Environ |
| PublicationYear | 2024 |
| Publisher | Elsevier B.V |
| Publisher_xml | – name: Elsevier B.V |
| References | Cheng, Luo, Wang, Wang, Sharma, Shimadera, Wang, Bressi, de Miranda, Jiang, Zhou, Fajardo, Yan, Hao (bb0045) 2016; 89–90 Krzyszczak, Czech (bb0155) 2021; 788 Li, Bai, Ren, Gao, Ji, Wang, Li (bb0190) 2022; 436 Liu, Bi, Ma (bb0200) 2017; 51 Goriaux, Jourdain, Temime, Besombes, Marchand, Albinet, Leoz-Garziandia, Wortham (bb0075) 2006; 40 Manisalidis, Stavropoulou, Stavropoulos, Bezirtzoglou (bb0220) 2020; 8 Tian, Liang, Zhang, Hu, Yang, Peng, Chen, Jiang, Wang (bb0285) 2021; 284 Horton, Diffenbaugh (bb0090) 2012; 7 Fosu, Wang, Wang, Gillies, Zhao (bb0065) 2017; 18 Li, Yang, Gao, Jiang, Li, Zhao, Zhang, Wang (bb0185) 2019; 178 Maharaj Kumari, Lakhani (bb0210) 2018 Huang, Yang, Cao, Chen, Chen, Li, Duan, Zhu, Dai, Wang (bb0100) 2018; 52 Dimashki, Harrad, Harrison (bb0050) 2000; 34 Pandey, Kim, Brown (bb0245) 2011; 30 Kramer, Suski, Bell, Zelenyuk, Massey Simonich (bb0150) 2019; 53 Yang, Igarashi, Tang, Lin, Wang, Kameda, Toriba, Hayakawa (bb0315) 2010; 695 Idowu, Semple, Ramadass, O’Connor, Hansbro, Thavamani (bb0110) 2019; 123 Kim, Kim, Kim, Jin, Hong, Park, Son, Bae, Bae, Song (bb0140) 2017; 7 Zhao, Cao, Zhou, Que, Hong (bb0325) 2015; 196 Li, Wang, Shen, Su, Shen, Huang, Zhang, Chen, Chen, Lin, Zhuo, Zhong, Wang, Liu, Li, Liu, Tao (bb0175) 2015; 197 Li, Ho, Feng, Xu, Wang, Wu, Huang, Qu, Wang, Cao (bb0180) 2019; 660 Lee, Wang, Zhao, Kim, Kim, Yoon (bb0170) 2020; 241 Titaley, Walden, Dorn, Ogba, Massey Simonich, Cheong (bb5000) 2018; 53 Finlayson-Pitts, Pitts (bb0060) 2000 Huang, Liu, Shao, Li, Chen, Zheng, Wu, Liu, Wu, Hu (bb0105) 2019; 53 Boström, Gerde, Hanberg, Jernström, Johansson, Kyrklund, Rannug, Törnqvist, Victorin, Westerholm (bb0025) 2002; 110 Huang, Zhang, Bozzetti, Ho, Cao, Han, Daellenbach, Slowik, Platt, Canonaco (bb0095) 2014; 514 Jiang, Xu, Qiu, Shi, Pardo, Shang, Wang, Rudich, Zhu (bb0120) 2019; 53 Tai, Mickley, Jacob (bb0275) 2010; 44 Nielsen (bb0235) 1984; 18 Phousongphouang, Arey (bb0250) 2003; 37 Wang, Li, Jiang, Zhang, Zhang, Tang (bb0305) 2015; 104 Ding, Yi, Wang, Zhang (bb0055) 2020; 716 Keyte, Harrison, Lammel (bb0135) 2013; 42 Zhai, Jacob, Wang, Shen, Li, Zhang, Gui, Zhao, Liao (bb0320) 2019; 19 Li, Gao, Xu, Cui, Wang (bb0195) 2023; 128 Szulejko, Kim, Brown, Bae (bb0270) 2014; 61 Gillies, Wang, Yoon, Weaver (bb0070) 2010; 25 Kalisa, Nagato, Bizuru, Lee, Tang, Pointing, Hayakawa, Archer, Lacap-Bugler (bb0125) 2018; 52 Sun, Shen, Zhang, Kong, Zhang, Zhang, Niu, Huang, Xu, Ho, Cao (bb0265) 2022; 165 Liu, Lin, Syed, Cheng, Xu, Li, Zhang, Li (bb0205) 2017; 7 Cai, Li, Liao, Wang, Wu (bb0030) 2017; 7 Jacob, Winner (bb0115) 2009; 43 Keith (bb0130) 2015; 35 Wang, Zhang, Draxler (bb0300) 2009; 24 Ning, Wang, Yim, Li, Hu, Shang, Wang, Wang (bb0240) 2018; 18 Chen, Zhu (bb0035) 2014; 48 Schauer, Niessner, Pöschl (bb0260) 2003; 37 Kojima, Inazu, Hisamatsu, Okochi, Baba, Nagoya (bb0145) 2010; 44 Tian, Liu, Yang, Zhang, Peng, Chen, Shi, Wang, Luo, Jiang (bb0280) 2019; 250 Hao, Gao, Liang, Chen, Dong, Wang, Tian (bb0080) 2023; 885 Mulder, Dumanoglu, Efstathiou, Kukučka, Matejovičová, Maurer, Přibylová, Prokeš, Sofuoglu, Sofuoglu, Wilson, Zetzsch, Wotawa, Lammel (bb0225) 2019; 53 Arey, Zielinska, Atkinson, Winer, Ramdahl, Pitts (bb0010) 1986; 1967 Zhou, Wenger (bb0330) 2013; 72 Chen, Wang, Sun, Xu, Yin (bb0040) 2019; 19 Mallah, Changxing, Mallah, Noreen, Liu, Saeed, Xi, Ahmed, Feng, Mirjat, Wang, Jabar, Naveed, Li, Zhang (bb0215) 2022; 296 Titaley, Walden, Dorn, Ogba, Massey Simonich, Cheong (bb0290) 2019; 53 Wang, Ye, Zhang, Zhao, Wu, Li, Liu, Li, Zhang, Wu (bb0310) 2021; 118 Murray, Aravkin, Zheng, Abbafati, Abbas, Abbasi-Kangevari, Abd-Allah, Abdelalim, Abdollahi, Abdollahpour (bb0230) 2020; 396 Haynes, Miller, Majestic (bb0085) 2018; 53 Lammel, Mulder, Shahpoury, Kukuka, Liková, Pibylová, Proke, Wotawa (bb0160) 2017; 17 Bai, Furuuchi, Tekasakul, Tekasakul, Choosong, Aizawa, Hata, Otani (bb0015) 2007; 7 Reisen, Arey (bb0255) 2005; 39 Bandowe, Meusel (bb0020) 2017; 581–582 Lammel, Kitanovski, Kukučka, Novák, Arangio, Codling, Filippi, Hovorka, Kuta, Leoni, Příbylová, Prokeš, Sáňka, Shahpoury, Tong, Wietzoreck (bb0165) 2020; 54 Tsapakis, Stephanou (bb0295) 2003; 37 Li (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0185) 2019; 178 Mallah (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0215) 2022; 296 Zhou (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0330) 2013; 72 Kim (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0140) 2017; 7 Jiang (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0120) 2019; 53 Bandowe (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0020) 2017; 581–582 Huang (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0100) 2018; 52 Titaley (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0290) 2019; 53 Hao (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0080) 2023; 885 Jacob (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0115) 2009; 43 Phousongphouang (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0250) 2003; 37 Wang (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0305) 2015; 104 Chen (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0035) 2014; 48 Lammel (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0165) 2020; 54 Liu (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0200) 2017; 51 Arey (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0010) 1986; 1967 Lammel (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0160) 2017; 17 Kalisa (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0125) 2018; 52 Huang (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0095) 2014; 514 Liu (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0205) 2017; 7 Reisen (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0255) 2005; 39 Keith (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0130) 2015; 35 Lee (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0170) 2020; 241 Schauer (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0260) 2003; 37 Szulejko (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0270) 2014; 61 Li (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0175) 2015; 197 Kojima (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0145) 2010; 44 Huang (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0105) 2019; 53 Yang (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0315) 2010; 695 Ning (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0240) 2018; 18 Pandey (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0245) 2011; 30 Boström (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0025) 2002; 110 Li (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0195) 2023; 128 Mulder (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0225) 2019; 53 Murray (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0230) 2020; 396 Cai (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0030) 2017; 7 Haynes (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0085) 2018; 53 Titaley (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb5000) 2018; 53 Bai (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0015) 2007; 7 Finlayson-Pitts (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0060) 2000 Manisalidis (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0220) 2020; 8 Li (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0180) 2019; 660 Li (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0190) 2022; 436 Fosu (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0065) 2017; 18 Maharaj Kumari (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0210) 2018 Chen (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0040) 2019; 19 Idowu (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0110) 2019; 123 Kramer (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0150) 2019; 53 Tai (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0275) 2010; 44 Tian (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0280) 2019; 250 Dimashki (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0050) 2000; 34 Ding (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0055) 2020; 716 Tian (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0285) 2021; 284 Tsapakis (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0295) 2003; 37 Keyte (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0135) 2013; 42 Gillies (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0070) 2010; 25 Horton (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0090) 2012; 7 Sun (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0265) 2022; 165 Krzyszczak (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0155) 2021; 788 Zhao (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0325) 2015; 196 Zhai (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0320) 2019; 19 Goriaux (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0075) 2006; 40 Wang (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0300) 2009; 24 Wang (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0310) 2021; 118 Cheng (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0045) 2016; 89–90 Nielsen (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0235) 1984; 18 |
| References_xml | – volume: 30 start-page: 1716 year: 2011 end-page: 1739 ident: bb0245 article-title: A review of techniques for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in air publication-title: TrAC Trends Anal. Chem. – volume: 284 year: 2021 ident: bb0285 article-title: Measurement of size-segregated airborne particulate bound polycyclic aromatic compounds and assessment of their human health impacts - a case study in a megacity of southwest China publication-title: Chemosphere – volume: 7 start-page: 79 year: 2007 end-page: 94 ident: bb0015 article-title: Application of soft X-rays in the decomposition of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in smoke particles from biomass fuel burning publication-title: Aerosol Air Qual. Res. – volume: 25 start-page: 1211 year: 2010 end-page: 1218 ident: bb0070 article-title: CFS prediction of winter persistent inversions in the intermountain region publication-title: Weather Forecast. – volume: 37 start-page: 3189 year: 2003 end-page: 3199 ident: bb0250 article-title: Sources of the atmospheric contaminants, 2-nitrobenzanthrone and 3-nitrobenzanthrone publication-title: Atmos. Environ. – volume: 37 start-page: 4935 year: 2003 end-page: 4944 ident: bb0295 article-title: Collection of gas and particle semi-volatile organic compounds: use of an oxidant denuder to minimize polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons degradation during high-volume air sampling publication-title: Atmos. Environ. – volume: 89–90 start-page: 212 year: 2016 end-page: 221 ident: bb0045 article-title: Status and characteristics of ambient PM publication-title: Environ. Int. – volume: 72 start-page: 97 year: 2013 end-page: 104 ident: bb0330 article-title: Kinetics and products of the gas-phase reactions of acenaphthene with hydroxyl radicals, nitrate radicals and ozone publication-title: Atmos. Environ. – volume: 788 year: 2021 ident: bb0155 article-title: Occurrence and toxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons derivatives in environmental matrices publication-title: Sci. Total Environ. – volume: 61 start-page: 40 year: 2014 end-page: 48 ident: bb0270 article-title: Review of progress in solvent-extraction techniques for the determination of polyaromatic hydrocarbons as airborne pollutants publication-title: TrAC Trends Anal. Chem. – volume: 53 start-page: 1235 year: 2019 end-page: 1244 ident: bb0105 article-title: Potentially important contribution of gas-phase oxidation of naphthalene and methylnaphthalene to secondary organic aerosol during haze events in Beijing publication-title: Environ. Sci. Technol. – volume: 43 start-page: 51 year: 2009 end-page: 63 ident: bb0115 article-title: Effect of climate change on air quality publication-title: Atmos. Environ. – volume: 104 start-page: 228 year: 2015 end-page: 236 ident: bb0305 article-title: Long term observations of PM publication-title: Atmos. Environ. – volume: 18 start-page: 168 year: 2017 end-page: 174 ident: bb0065 article-title: Greenhouse gases stabilizing winter atmosphere in the Indo-Gangetic plains may increase aerosol loading publication-title: Atmos. Sci. Lett. – volume: 695 start-page: 29 year: 2010 end-page: 34 ident: bb0315 article-title: Indirect- and direct-acting mutagenicity of diesel, coal and wood burning-derived particulates and contribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons publication-title: Mutat. Res. Toxicol. Environ. Mutagen. – volume: 118 year: 2021 ident: bb0310 article-title: Aqueous production of secondary organic aerosol from fossil-fuel emissions in winter Beijing haze publication-title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. – volume: 48 start-page: 8671 year: 2014 end-page: 8678 ident: bb0035 article-title: Formation of nitroanthracene and anthraquinone from the heterogeneous reaction between NO publication-title: Environ. Sci. Technol. – volume: 436 year: 2022 ident: bb0190 article-title: PAHs and nitro-PAHs in urban Beijing from 2017 to 2018: characteristics, sources, transformation mechanism and risk assessment publication-title: J. Hazard. Mater. – volume: 44 start-page: 2873 year: 2010 end-page: 2880 ident: bb0145 article-title: Influence of secondary formation on atmospheric occurrences of oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in airborne particles publication-title: Atmos. Environ. – volume: 165 year: 2022 ident: bb0265 article-title: A comprehensive evaluation of PM publication-title: Environ. Int. – volume: 18 start-page: 157 year: 1984 end-page: 163 ident: bb0235 article-title: Reactivity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons towards nitrating species publication-title: Environ. Sci. Technol. – volume: 7 year: 2012 ident: bb0090 article-title: Response of air stagnation frequency to anthropogenically enhanced radiative forcing publication-title: Environ. Res. Lett. – volume: 53 start-page: 6669 year: 2019 end-page: 6677 ident: bb0150 article-title: Formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon oxidation products in α-pinene secondary organic aerosol particles formed through ozonolysis publication-title: Environ. Sci. Technol. – volume: 44 start-page: 3976 year: 2010 end-page: 3984 ident: bb0275 article-title: Correlations between fine particulate matter (PM publication-title: Atmos. Environ. – volume: 34 start-page: 2459 year: 2000 end-page: 2469 ident: bb0050 article-title: Measurements of nitro-PAH in the atmospheres of two cities publication-title: Atmos. Environ. – volume: 39 start-page: 64 year: 2005 end-page: 73 ident: bb0255 article-title: Atmospheric rreactions influence sseasonal PAH and nitro-PAH concentrations in the Los Angeles Basin publication-title: Environ. Sci. Technol. – volume: 7 start-page: 257 year: 2017 end-page: 262 ident: bb0030 article-title: Weather conditions conducive to Beijing severe haze more frequent under climate change publication-title: Nat. Clim. Chang. – volume: 53 start-page: 8914 year: 2019 end-page: 8924 ident: bb0225 article-title: Fast formation of nitro-PAHs in the marine atmosphere constrained in a regional-scale lagrangian field experiment publication-title: Environ. Sci. Technol. – volume: 51 start-page: 13161 year: 2017 end-page: 13169 ident: bb0200 article-title: Visibility-based PM publication-title: Environ. Sci. Technol. – volume: 250 start-page: 898 year: 2019 end-page: 905 ident: bb0280 article-title: Increasing importance of nitrate formation for heavy aerosol pollution in two megacities in Sichuan Basin, southwest China publication-title: Environ. Pollut. – volume: 18 start-page: 13601 year: 2018 end-page: 13615 ident: bb0240 article-title: Impact of low-pressure systems on winter heavy air pollution in the northwest Sichuan Basin publication-title: China. Atmos. Chem. Phys. – volume: 1967 start-page: 2339 year: 1986 end-page: 2345 ident: bb0010 article-title: The formation of nitro-PAH from the gas-phase reactions of fluoranthene and pyrene with the OH radical in the presence of NO publication-title: Atmos. Environ. – volume: 19 start-page: 233 year: 2019 end-page: 243 ident: bb0040 article-title: Anthropogenic fine particulate matter pollution will be exacerbated in eastern China due to 21st century GHG warming publication-title: Atmos. Chem. Phys. – volume: 197 start-page: 156 year: 2015 end-page: 164 ident: bb0175 article-title: Concentrations and origins of nitro-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and oxy-polycyclic aromatic hydro- carbons in ambient air in urban and rural areas in northern China publication-title: Environ. Pollut. – volume: 716 year: 2020 ident: bb0055 article-title: Understanding the role of Cl and NO publication-title: Sci. Total Environ. – volume: 8 start-page: 14 year: 2020 ident: bb0220 article-title: Environmental and health impacts of air pollution: a review publication-title: Front. Public Health – volume: 54 start-page: 2615 year: 2020 end-page: 2625 ident: bb0165 article-title: Oxygenated and nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in ambient air—levels, phase partitioning, mass size distributions, and inhalation bioaccessibility publication-title: Environ. Sci. Technol. – volume: 24 start-page: 938 year: 2009 end-page: 939 ident: bb0300 article-title: TrajStat: GIS-based software that uses various trajectory statistical analysis methods to identify potential sources from long-term air pollution measurement data publication-title: Environ. Model Softw. – volume: 581–582 start-page: 237 year: 2017 end-page: 257 ident: bb0020 article-title: Nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (nitro-PAHs) in the environment – a review publication-title: Sci. Total Environ. – volume: 17 start-page: 6257 year: 2017 end-page: 6270 ident: bb0160 article-title: Nitro-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons – gas–particle partitioning, mass size distribution, and formation along transport in marine and continental background air publication-title: Atmos. Chem. Phys. – volume: 53 start-page: 1595 year: 2019 end-page: 1607 ident: bb0290 article-title: Evaluating computational and structural approaches to predict transformation products of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons publication-title: Environ. Sci. Technol. – volume: 196 start-page: 440 year: 2015 end-page: 449 ident: bb0325 article-title: Effects of oil pipeline explosion on ambient particulate matter and their associated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons publication-title: Environ. Pollut. – year: 2000 ident: bb0060 article-title: Chemistry of Upper and Lower Atmosphere – volume: 42 start-page: 9333 year: 2013 end-page: 9391 ident: bb0135 article-title: Chemical reactivity and long-range transport potential of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons–a review publication-title: Chem. Soc. Rev. – volume: 123 start-page: 543 year: 2019 end-page: 557 ident: bb0110 article-title: Beyond the obvious: environmental health implications of polar polycyclic aromatic hydro- carbons publication-title: Environ. Int. – volume: 19 start-page: 11031 year: 2019 end-page: 11041 ident: bb0320 article-title: Fine particulate matter (PM publication-title: Atmos. Chem. Phys. – volume: 35 year: 2015 ident: bb0130 article-title: The source of U.S. EPA’s sixteen PAH priority pollutants publication-title: Polycycl. Aromat. Compd. – volume: 53 start-page: 1595 year: 2018 end-page: 1607 ident: bb5000 article-title: Evaluating computational and structural approaches to predict transformation products of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons publication-title: Environ. Sci. Technol. – volume: 885 year: 2023 ident: bb0080 article-title: Distinct seasonal variability of source-dependent health risks from PM publication-title: Sci. Total Environ. – volume: 514 start-page: 218 year: 2014 end-page: 222 ident: bb0095 article-title: High secondary aerosol contribution to particulate pollution during haze events in China publication-title: Nature – volume: 396 start-page: 1223 year: 2020 end-page: 1249 ident: bb0230 article-title: Global burden of 87 risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 publication-title: Lancet – volume: 296 year: 2022 ident: bb0215 article-title: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and its effects on human health: an overeview publication-title: Chemosphere – volume: 7 start-page: 4710 year: 2017 ident: bb0140 article-title: Recent increase of surface particulate matter concentrations in the Seoul Metropolitan Area publication-title: Korea. Sci. Rep. – volume: 52 start-page: 12179 year: 2018 end-page: 12187 ident: bb0125 article-title: Characterization and risk assessment of atmospheric PM publication-title: Central-East Africa. Environ. Sci. Technol. – volume: 52 start-page: 6825 year: 2018 end-page: 6833 ident: bb0100 article-title: Brown carbon aerosol in urban Xi’an, Northwest China: the composition and light absorption properties publication-title: Environ. Sci. Technol. – volume: 110 start-page: 451 year: 2002 end-page: 488 ident: bb0025 article-title: Cancer risk assessment, indicators, and guidelines for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the ambient air publication-title: Environ. Health Perspect. – volume: 53 start-page: 10479 year: 2019 end-page: 10486 ident: bb0120 article-title: Hydrophobic organic components of ambient fine particulate matter (PM publication-title: Environ. Sci. Technol. – volume: 7 year: 2017 ident: bb0205 article-title: Concentration, source identification, and exposure risk assessment of PM publication-title: Sci. Rep. – volume: 241 year: 2020 ident: bb0170 article-title: Long-term increase in atmospheric stagnant conditions over northeast Asia and the role of greenhouse gases-driven warming publication-title: Atmos. Environ. – volume: 53 start-page: 682 year: 2018 end-page: 691 ident: bb0085 article-title: Investigation into photoinduced auto-oxidation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons resulting in brown carbon production publication-title: Environ. Sci. Technol. – start-page: 43 year: 2018 end-page: 75 ident: bb0210 article-title: PAHs in gas and particulate phases: measurement and control publication-title: Environmental Contaminants: Measurement – volume: 128 year: 2023 ident: bb0195 article-title: Impact of clean air policy on criteria air pollutants and health risks across China during 2013–2021 publication-title: J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. – volume: 37 start-page: 2861 year: 2003 end-page: 2868 ident: bb0260 article-title: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban air particulate matter: decadal and seasonal trends, chemical degradation, and sampling artifacts publication-title: Environ. Sci. Technol. – volume: 40 start-page: 6398 year: 2006 end-page: 6404 ident: bb0075 article-title: Field comparison of particulate PAH measurements using a low-flow denuder device and conventional sampling systems publication-title: Environ. Sci. Technol. – volume: 660 start-page: 1392 year: 2019 end-page: 1402 ident: bb0180 article-title: Characterization of particulate-bound polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) and their oxidations in heavy polluted atmosphere: a case study in urban Beijing, China during haze events publication-title: Sci. Total Environ. – volume: 178 start-page: 58 year: 2019 end-page: 65 ident: bb0185 article-title: Seasonal variations of NPAHs and OPAHs in PM publication-title: Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. – volume: 37 start-page: 4935 year: 2003 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0295 article-title: Collection of gas and particle semi-volatile organic compounds: use of an oxidant denuder to minimize polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons degradation during high-volume air sampling publication-title: Atmos. Environ. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.08.026 – volume: 716 year: 2020 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0055 article-title: Understanding the role of Cl and NO3 radicals in initiating atmospheric oxidation of fluorene: a mechanistic and kinetic study publication-title: Sci. Total Environ. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136905 – volume: 7 start-page: 79 year: 2007 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0015 article-title: Application of soft X-rays in the decomposition of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in smoke particles from biomass fuel burning publication-title: Aerosol Air Qual. Res. doi: 10.4209/aaqr.2006.11.0025 – volume: 18 start-page: 13601 year: 2018 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0240 article-title: Impact of low-pressure systems on winter heavy air pollution in the northwest Sichuan Basin publication-title: China. Atmos. Chem. Phys. doi: 10.5194/acp-18-13601-2018 – volume: 514 start-page: 218 year: 2014 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0095 article-title: High secondary aerosol contribution to particulate pollution during haze events in China publication-title: Nature doi: 10.1038/nature13774 – volume: 296 year: 2022 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0215 article-title: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and its effects on human health: an overeview publication-title: Chemosphere doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133948 – volume: 660 start-page: 1392 year: 2019 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0180 article-title: Characterization of particulate-bound polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) and their oxidations in heavy polluted atmosphere: a case study in urban Beijing, China during haze events publication-title: Sci. Total Environ. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.078 – volume: 48 start-page: 8671 year: 2014 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0035 article-title: Formation of nitroanthracene and anthraquinone from the heterogeneous reaction between NO2 and anthracene adsorbed on NaCl particles publication-title: Environ. Sci. Technol. doi: 10.1021/es501543g – volume: 53 start-page: 1235 year: 2019 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0105 article-title: Potentially important contribution of gas-phase oxidation of naphthalene and methylnaphthalene to secondary organic aerosol during haze events in Beijing publication-title: Environ. Sci. Technol. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.8b04523 – volume: 40 start-page: 6398 year: 2006 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0075 article-title: Field comparison of particulate PAH measurements using a low-flow denuder device and conventional sampling systems publication-title: Environ. Sci. Technol. doi: 10.1021/es060544m – volume: 61 start-page: 40 year: 2014 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0270 article-title: Review of progress in solvent-extraction techniques for the determination of polyaromatic hydrocarbons as airborne pollutants publication-title: TrAC Trends Anal. Chem. doi: 10.1016/j.trac.2014.07.001 – volume: 53 start-page: 6669 year: 2019 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0150 article-title: Formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon oxidation products in α-pinene secondary organic aerosol particles formed through ozonolysis publication-title: Environ. Sci. Technol. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.9b01732 – volume: 53 start-page: 682 year: 2018 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0085 article-title: Investigation into photoinduced auto-oxidation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons resulting in brown carbon production publication-title: Environ. Sci. Technol. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.8b05704 – volume: 788 year: 2021 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0155 article-title: Occurrence and toxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons derivatives in environmental matrices publication-title: Sci. Total Environ. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147738 – volume: 72 start-page: 97 year: 2013 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0330 article-title: Kinetics and products of the gas-phase reactions of acenaphthene with hydroxyl radicals, nitrate radicals and ozone publication-title: Atmos. Environ. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.02.044 – volume: 197 start-page: 156 year: 2015 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0175 article-title: Concentrations and origins of nitro-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and oxy-polycyclic aromatic hydro- carbons in ambient air in urban and rural areas in northern China publication-title: Environ. Pollut. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2014.12.019 – volume: 104 start-page: 228 year: 2015 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0305 article-title: Long term observations of PM2.5-associated PAHs: comparisons between normal and episode days publication-title: Atmos. Environ. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.01.026 – volume: 7 start-page: 257 year: 2017 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0030 article-title: Weather conditions conducive to Beijing severe haze more frequent under climate change publication-title: Nat. Clim. Chang. doi: 10.1038/nclimate3249 – volume: 51 start-page: 13161 year: 2017 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0200 article-title: Visibility-based PM2.5 concentrations in China: 1957–1964 and 1973–2014 publication-title: Environ. Sci. Technol. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.7b03468 – volume: 43 start-page: 51 issue: 1 year: 2009 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0115 article-title: Effect of climate change on air quality publication-title: Atmos. Environ. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.09.051 – volume: 17 start-page: 6257 year: 2017 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0160 article-title: Nitro-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons – gas–particle partitioning, mass size distribution, and formation along transport in marine and continental background air publication-title: Atmos. Chem. Phys. doi: 10.5194/acp-17-6257-2017 – volume: 165 year: 2022 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0265 article-title: A comprehensive evaluation of PM2.5-bound PAHs and their derivative in winter from six megacities in China: insight the source-dependent health risk and secondary reactions publication-title: Environ. Int. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107344 – volume: 581–582 start-page: 237 year: 2017 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0020 article-title: Nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (nitro-PAHs) in the environment – a review publication-title: Sci. Total Environ. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.12.115 – volume: 250 start-page: 898 year: 2019 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0280 article-title: Increasing importance of nitrate formation for heavy aerosol pollution in two megacities in Sichuan Basin, southwest China publication-title: Environ. Pollut. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.04.098 – volume: 7 year: 2012 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0090 article-title: Response of air stagnation frequency to anthropogenically enhanced radiative forcing publication-title: Environ. Res. Lett. doi: 10.1088/1748-9326/7/4/044034 – volume: 35 year: 2015 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0130 article-title: The source of U.S. EPA’s sixteen PAH priority pollutants publication-title: Polycycl. Aromat. Compd. doi: 10.1080/10406638.2014.892886 – volume: 8 start-page: 14 year: 2020 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0220 article-title: Environmental and health impacts of air pollution: a review publication-title: Front. Public Health doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00014 – volume: 396 start-page: 1223 year: 2020 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0230 article-title: Global burden of 87 risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 publication-title: Lancet doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30752-2 – volume: 39 start-page: 64 year: 2005 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0255 article-title: Atmospheric rreactions influence sseasonal PAH and nitro-PAH concentrations in the Los Angeles Basin publication-title: Environ. Sci. Technol. doi: 10.1021/es035454l – volume: 284 year: 2021 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0285 article-title: Measurement of size-segregated airborne particulate bound polycyclic aromatic compounds and assessment of their human health impacts - a case study in a megacity of southwest China publication-title: Chemosphere doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131339 – volume: 44 start-page: 2873 year: 2010 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0145 article-title: Influence of secondary formation on atmospheric occurrences of oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in airborne particles publication-title: Atmos. Environ. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.04.048 – volume: 25 start-page: 1211 year: 2010 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0070 article-title: CFS prediction of winter persistent inversions in the intermountain region publication-title: Weather Forecast. doi: 10.1175/2010WAF2222419.1 – volume: 19 start-page: 233 year: 2019 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0040 article-title: Anthropogenic fine particulate matter pollution will be exacerbated in eastern China due to 21st century GHG warming publication-title: Atmos. Chem. Phys. doi: 10.5194/acp-19-233-2019 – volume: 885 year: 2023 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0080 article-title: Distinct seasonal variability of source-dependent health risks from PM2.5-bound PAHs and related derivatives in a megacity, southwest China: implications for the significance of secondary formation publication-title: Sci. Total Environ. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163742 – volume: 54 start-page: 2615 year: 2020 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0165 article-title: Oxygenated and nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in ambient air—levels, phase partitioning, mass size distributions, and inhalation bioaccessibility publication-title: Environ. Sci. Technol. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.9b06820 – volume: 52 start-page: 12179 year: 2018 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0125 article-title: Characterization and risk assessment of atmospheric PM2.5 and PM10 particulate-bound PAHs and NPAHs in Rwanda publication-title: Central-East Africa. Environ. Sci. Technol. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.8b03219 – volume: 1967 start-page: 2339 issue: 20 year: 1986 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0010 article-title: The formation of nitro-PAH from the gas-phase reactions of fluoranthene and pyrene with the OH radical in the presence of NOx publication-title: Atmos. Environ. doi: 10.1016/0004-6981(86)90064-8 – volume: 7 start-page: 4710 year: 2017 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0140 article-title: Recent increase of surface particulate matter concentrations in the Seoul Metropolitan Area publication-title: Korea. Sci. Rep. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-05092-8 – volume: 37 start-page: 3189 year: 2003 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0250 article-title: Sources of the atmospheric contaminants, 2-nitrobenzanthrone and 3-nitrobenzanthrone publication-title: Atmos. Environ. doi: 10.1016/S1352-2310(03)00344-3 – volume: 37 start-page: 2861 year: 2003 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0260 article-title: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban air particulate matter: decadal and seasonal trends, chemical degradation, and sampling artifacts publication-title: Environ. Sci. Technol. doi: 10.1021/es034059s – volume: 196 start-page: 440 year: 2015 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0325 article-title: Effects of oil pipeline explosion on ambient particulate matter and their associated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons publication-title: Environ. Pollut. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2014.11.012 – volume: 123 start-page: 543 year: 2019 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0110 article-title: Beyond the obvious: environmental health implications of polar polycyclic aromatic hydro- carbons publication-title: Environ. Int. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.12.051 – volume: 436 year: 2022 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0190 article-title: PAHs and nitro-PAHs in urban Beijing from 2017 to 2018: characteristics, sources, transformation mechanism and risk assessment publication-title: J. Hazard. Mater. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129143 – volume: 695 start-page: 29 year: 2010 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0315 article-title: Indirect- and direct-acting mutagenicity of diesel, coal and wood burning-derived particulates and contribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons publication-title: Mutat. Res. Toxicol. Environ. Mutagen. doi: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2009.10.010 – volume: 24 start-page: 938 year: 2009 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0300 article-title: TrajStat: GIS-based software that uses various trajectory statistical analysis methods to identify potential sources from long-term air pollution measurement data publication-title: Environ. Model Softw. doi: 10.1016/j.envsoft.2009.01.004 – volume: 52 start-page: 6825 year: 2018 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0100 article-title: Brown carbon aerosol in urban Xi’an, Northwest China: the composition and light absorption properties publication-title: Environ. Sci. Technol. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.8b02386 – volume: 53 start-page: 8914 year: 2019 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0225 article-title: Fast formation of nitro-PAHs in the marine atmosphere constrained in a regional-scale lagrangian field experiment publication-title: Environ. Sci. Technol. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.9b03090 – volume: 44 start-page: 3976 year: 2010 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0275 article-title: Correlations between fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and meteorological variables in the United States: implications for the sensitivity of PM2.5 to climate change publication-title: Atmos. Environ. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.06.060 – volume: 128 year: 2023 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0195 article-title: Impact of clean air policy on criteria air pollutants and health risks across China during 2013–2021 publication-title: J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. – volume: 110 start-page: 451 year: 2002 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0025 article-title: Cancer risk assessment, indicators, and guidelines for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the ambient air publication-title: Environ. Health Perspect. – year: 2000 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0060 – volume: 178 start-page: 58 year: 2019 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0185 article-title: Seasonal variations of NPAHs and OPAHs in PM2.5 at heavily polluted urban and suburban sites in North China: concentrations, molecular compositions, cancer risk assessments and sources publication-title: Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.04.009 – volume: 42 start-page: 9333 year: 2013 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0135 article-title: Chemical reactivity and long-range transport potential of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons–a review publication-title: Chem. Soc. Rev. doi: 10.1039/c3cs60147a – volume: 18 start-page: 157 year: 1984 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0235 article-title: Reactivity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons towards nitrating species publication-title: Environ. Sci. Technol. doi: 10.1021/es00121a005 – volume: 34 start-page: 2459 year: 2000 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0050 article-title: Measurements of nitro-PAH in the atmospheres of two cities publication-title: Atmos. Environ. doi: 10.1016/S1352-2310(99)00417-3 – volume: 7 year: 2017 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0205 article-title: Concentration, source identification, and exposure risk assessment of PM2.5-bound parent PAHs and nitro-PAHs in atmosphere from typical Chinese cities publication-title: Sci. Rep. – volume: 241 year: 2020 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0170 article-title: Long-term increase in atmospheric stagnant conditions over northeast Asia and the role of greenhouse gases-driven warming publication-title: Atmos. Environ. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.117772 – volume: 30 start-page: 1716 year: 2011 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0245 article-title: A review of techniques for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in air publication-title: TrAC Trends Anal. Chem. doi: 10.1016/j.trac.2011.06.017 – volume: 53 start-page: 10479 year: 2019 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0120 article-title: Hydrophobic organic components of ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) associated with inflammatory cellular response publication-title: Environ. Sci. Technol. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.9b02902 – volume: 53 start-page: 1595 year: 2019 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0290 article-title: Evaluating computational and structural approaches to predict transformation products of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons publication-title: Environ. Sci. Technol. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.8b05198 – volume: 19 start-page: 11031 year: 2019 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0320 article-title: Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) trends in China, 2013–2018: separating contributions from anthropogenic emissions and meteorology publication-title: Atmos. Chem. Phys. doi: 10.5194/acp-19-11031-2019 – volume: 89–90 start-page: 212 year: 2016 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0045 article-title: Status and characteristics of ambient PM2.5 pollution in global megacities publication-title: Environ. Int. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.02.003 – start-page: 43 year: 2018 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0210 article-title: PAHs in gas and particulate phases: measurement and control – volume: 53 start-page: 1595 year: 2018 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb5000 article-title: Evaluating computational and structural approaches to predict transformation products of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons publication-title: Environ. Sci. Technol. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.8b05198 – volume: 18 start-page: 168 year: 2017 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0065 article-title: Greenhouse gases stabilizing winter atmosphere in the Indo-Gangetic plains may increase aerosol loading publication-title: Atmos. Sci. Lett. doi: 10.1002/asl.739 – volume: 118 year: 2021 ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487_bb0310 article-title: Aqueous production of secondary organic aerosol from fossil-fuel emissions in winter Beijing haze publication-title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. |
| SSID | ssj0000781 |
| Score | 2.503864 |
| Snippet | Severe air pollution tends to occur under stagnant weather conditions. This study focused on the occurrence and formation of PM2.5-bound polycyclic aromatic... Severe air pollution tends to occur under stagnant weather conditions. This study focused on the occurrence and formation of PM -bound polycyclic aromatic... Severe air pollution tends to occur under stagnant weather conditions. This study focused on the occurrence and formation of PM₂.₅-bound polycyclic aromatic... |
| SourceID | proquest pubmed crossref elsevier |
| SourceType | Aggregation Database Index Database Enrichment Source Publisher |
| StartPage | 172487 |
| SubjectTerms | air pollution autumn ecotoxicology environment human health humidity Nitrated PAHs Oxygenated PAHs Seasonal variability seasonal variation Secondary formation spring Stagnant weather summer temperature toxicity winter |
| Title | Secondary formation of oxygenated and nitrated polycyclic aromatic compounds under stagnant weather conditions: Drivers and seasonal variation |
| URI | https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172487 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38631623 https://www.proquest.com/docview/3041229496 https://www.proquest.com/docview/3153767632 |
| Volume | 929 |
| WOSCitedRecordID | wos001236561600001&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| journalDatabaseRights | – providerCode: PRVESC databaseName: Elsevier SD Freedom Collection Journals 2021 customDbUrl: eissn: 1879-1026 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0000781 issn: 0048-9697 databaseCode: AIEXJ dateStart: 19950106 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.sciencedirect.com providerName: Elsevier |
| link | http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV1fb9MwELe6DdAkhKAwKH8mI_GGUuWPE8d7G1AEPExIDFGeItdxUauSVGnXtV-Cr8HX5C62k8EogwdeotaJnbq_X-7Ol7szIc_yOM8liD0vYmzksShn3kiyxOPjUMhEqZFSZrMJfnKSDofifafz3eXCrGa8KNL1Wsz_K9TQBmBj6uw_wN0MCg3wGUCHI8AOx78C_gMucXMMhmsSE9EiLNcb6CLRwERfOTzJVf1lXs42aqOw1rWsSlPAFePMcbulRb1LboX-hi8YMPP83BiMGKuem1gv9Ci8qurgjnpc9DnWzsUVLMJb1KctKZ00scEJyxLTMS_k27UysfbiftKTcz1p4oYm1r_9omwDE2x-iVPCF9o-S9tm_Rohw_grk9nZ10YWp1yAljAJ9U5YC-sfMeIWrC9m9PUlTWCcEtM-GBIwEZhFH2_Sv9wD_qf515oLUZpEQWLSn38pwu1O7ZC9kMcCxOfe8dvB8F2r9Hka_BQ--Nv77pMbbqRtdtC2dU5t75zeJrfsQoUeG4LdIR1ddMl1s3XppksOBi1icJkFddElN40jmJr8trvkW8NH2vCRlmPa8pECb6jjI235SB0facNHWvOROj5Sy0fa8vGIWjbWozo20oaN98jH14PTl288uwmIp5jPlp6EBTla9kLoOBVjlWjm5-lIKgFHwbWKgnDMuZahjkMfluepnwtQYlqCzAFjOjogu0VZ6AeExuM4D3wtsB4T42EsZRTrcMQxQimJg6hHEgdJpmyFfNyoZZa5UMhp1sCaIayZgbVH_Kbj3BSJubrLkcM8s7ausWEzIPDVnZ86lmSgDfAVnyx0ebbIIiyfF8IEkz9cE9QlnJIo7JH7hmLNr3bsfLj1zCOy3z6tj8nusjrTT8g1tVpOFtUh2eHD9NA-HD8AkVPv5A |
| linkProvider | Elsevier |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Secondary+formation+of+oxygenated+and+nitrated+polycyclic+aromatic+compounds+under+stagnant+weather+conditions%3A+Drivers+and+seasonal+variation&rft.jtitle=The+Science+of+the+total+environment&rft.au=Hao%2C+Weiwei&rft.au=Liang%2C+Bo&rft.au=Chen%2C+Jing&rft.au=Chen%2C+Yang&rft.date=2024-06-15&rft.eissn=1879-1026&rft.volume=929&rft.spage=172487&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.scitotenv.2024.172487&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F38631623&rft.externalDocID=38631623 |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0048-9697&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0048-9697&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0048-9697&client=summon |