Optimizing Reservoir Operations to Mitigate Nutrient and Phytoplankton Exports From a Eutrophic Lake

Harmful algal blooms have large impacts on aquatic ecosystem and human health. Nutrient enrichment, in combination with warm water temperatures, high sunlight availability, and low water turbulence, have been proven to be major factors driving algal blooms. In this study, lake eutrophication process...

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Veröffentlicht in:Water resources research Jg. 61; H. 7
Hauptverfasser: Tarabih, Osama M., Arias, Mauricio E., Nguyen, Hung Q., Soleymani Hasani, Sajad, Kaplan, David A., Zhang, Qiong
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: Washington John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.07.2025
Wiley
Schlagworte:
Algae
Algal blooms
algorithms
Aquatic ecosystems
Eutrophic environments
Eutrophic lakes
Eutrophication
Evolutionary algorithms
Exports
harmful algal blooms
human health
Lake Okeechobee
lakes
Loads (forces)
multi‐objective evolutionary algorithm
nitrate nitrogen
nitrogen
Nitrogen compounds
Nutrient cycles
Nutrient enrichment
Nutrients
Optimization
Phosphorus
Phytoplankton
Phytoplankton production
Plankton
poisonous algae
Reservoir management
Reservoir operation
solar radiation
summer
Sunlight
Turbulence
turbulent flow
Warm water
water
Water demand
Water quality
Water resources
Water temperature
United States > US
Everglades
Lake Okeechobee
ISSN:0043-1397, 1944-7973
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Zusammenfassung:Harmful algal blooms have large impacts on aquatic ecosystem and human health. Nutrient enrichment, in combination with warm water temperatures, high sunlight availability, and low water turbulence, have been proven to be major factors driving algal blooms. In this study, lake eutrophication processes, including phytoplankton production and nutrient cycling, were simulated and coupled with a reservoir operations model to optimize multi‐criteria lake operation goals. The main objective of this study was thus to design reservoir operations that would minimize phosphorus (P), nitrate‐nitrogen (NOx), and phytoplankton loads to downstream water bodies, while meeting other societal water resource demands in eutrophic lakes. We used an open‐source, multi‐objective evolutionary algorithm framework with four optimization objectives (minimizing P, NOx, and phytoplankton loads and water demand deficits), assessing each constituent separately and in combination. In addition, different optimization scenarios associated with each objective were investigated. To effectively demonstrate our findings, we implemented our approach in Lake Okeechobee, the largest subtropical lake in the US. We identified multiple opportunities to reduce downstream loads while minimizing impacts on water demand deficits. Notably, considering combined load objectives yielded substantial reductions in summertime P, NOx, and phytoplankton exports by up to 73%, 82%, and 73%, respectively, with minimal increases in water demand deficits. This supports the idea that alternative operational strategies could provide an effective and economical reservoir management strategy for balancing downstream water quality and societal water resource needs. Key Points Optimizing water releases from a eutrophic lake can mitigate nutrient and phytoplankton loads in downstream distributaries Optimized releases could reduce Phosphorus loads by up to 52%–73%, nitrate loads by 72%–82% and phytoplankton loads by up to 48%–73% Water quality improvements came at the cost of small water demand deficits (+4–24%)
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ISSN:0043-1397
1944-7973
DOI:10.1029/2025WR040373