Autoencoders and their applications in machine learning: a survey

Autoencoders have become a hot researched topic in unsupervised learning due to their ability to learn data features and act as a dimensionality reduction method. With rapid evolution of autoencoder methods, there has yet to be a complete study that provides a full autoencoders roadmap for both stim...

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Veröffentlicht in:The Artificial intelligence review Jg. 57; H. 2; S. 28
Hauptverfasser: Berahmand, Kamal, Daneshfar, Fatemeh, Salehi, Elaheh Sadat, Li, Yuefeng, Xu, Yue
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: Dordrecht Springer Netherlands 03.02.2024
Springer
Springer Nature B.V
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ISSN:1573-7462, 0269-2821, 1573-7462
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Abstract Autoencoders have become a hot researched topic in unsupervised learning due to their ability to learn data features and act as a dimensionality reduction method. With rapid evolution of autoencoder methods, there has yet to be a complete study that provides a full autoencoders roadmap for both stimulating technical improvements and orienting research newbies to autoencoders. In this paper, we present a comprehensive survey of autoencoders, starting with an explanation of the principle of conventional autoencoder and their primary development process. We then provide a taxonomy of autoencoders based on their structures and principles and thoroughly analyze and discuss the related models. Furthermore, we review the applications of autoencoders in various fields, including machine vision, natural language processing, complex network, recommender system, speech process, anomaly detection, and others. Lastly, we summarize the limitations of current autoencoder algorithms and discuss the future directions of the field.
AbstractList Autoencoders have become a hot researched topic in unsupervised learning due to their ability to learn data features and act as a dimensionality reduction method. With rapid evolution of autoencoder methods, there has yet to be a complete study that provides a full autoencoders roadmap for both stimulating technical improvements and orienting research newbies to autoencoders. In this paper, we present a comprehensive survey of autoencoders, starting with an explanation of the principle of conventional autoencoder and their primary development process. We then provide a taxonomy of autoencoders based on their structures and principles and thoroughly analyze and discuss the related models. Furthermore, we review the applications of autoencoders in various fields, including machine vision, natural language processing, complex network, recommender system, speech process, anomaly detection, and others. Lastly, we summarize the limitations of current autoencoder algorithms and discuss the future directions of the field.
ArticleNumber 28
Audience Academic
Author Salehi, Elaheh Sadat
Daneshfar, Fatemeh
Berahmand, Kamal
Li, Yuefeng
Xu, Yue
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Kamal
  surname: Berahmand
  fullname: Berahmand, Kamal
  organization: School of Computer Science, Faculty of Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT)
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Fatemeh
  surname: Daneshfar
  fullname: Daneshfar, Fatemeh
  email: f.daneshfar@uok.ac.ir
  organization: Department of Computer Engineering, University of Kurdistan
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Elaheh Sadat
  surname: Salehi
  fullname: Salehi, Elaheh Sadat
  organization: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shiraz
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Yuefeng
  surname: Li
  fullname: Li, Yuefeng
  organization: School of Computer Science, Faculty of Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT)
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Yue
  surname: Xu
  fullname: Xu, Yue
  organization: School of Computer Science, Faculty of Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT)
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Keywords Deep learning
Dimensionality reduction
Reconstruction loss
Autoencoder
Bottleneck layer
Feature extraction
Autoencoder application
Unsupervised learning
Language English
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PublicationSubtitle An International Science and Engineering Journal
PublicationTitle The Artificial intelligence review
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SubjectTerms Algorithms
Anomalies
Artificial Intelligence
Classification
Computational linguistics
Computer engineering
Computer Science
Deep learning
Discriminant analysis
Language processing
Machine learning
Machine vision
Natural language interfaces
Natural language processing
Neural networks
Polls & surveys
Principal components analysis
Principles
Probability distribution
Recommender systems
Speech
Taxonomy
Unsupervised learning
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